user_guide_src/source/helpers/html_helper.rst
###########
HTML Helper
###########
The HTML Helper file contains functions that assist in working with
HTML.
.. contents::
:local:
.. raw:: html
<div class="custom-index container"></div>
Loading this Helper
===================
This helper is loaded using the following code::
$this->load->helper('html');
Available Functions
===================
The following functions are available:
.. php:function:: heading([$data = ''[, $h = '1'[, $attributes = '']]])
:param string $data: Content
:param string $h: Heading level
:param mixed $attributes: HTML attributes
:returns: HTML heading tag
:rtype: string
Lets you create HTML heading tags. The first parameter will contain the
data, the second the size of the heading. Example::
echo heading('Welcome!', 3);
The above would produce: <h3>Welcome!</h3>
Additionally, in order to add attributes to the heading tag such as HTML
classes, ids or inline styles, a third parameter accepts either a string
or an array::
echo heading('Welcome!', 3, 'class="pink"');
echo heading('How are you?', 4, array('id' => 'question', 'class' => 'green'));
The above code produces:
.. code-block:: html
<h3 class="pink">Welcome!<h3>
<h4 id="question" class="green">How are you?</h4>
.. php:function:: img([$src = ''[, $index_page = FALSE[, $attributes = '']]])
:param string $src: Image source data
:param bool $index_page: Whether to treat $src as a routed URI string
:param array $attributes: HTML attributes
:returns: HTML image tag
:rtype: string
Lets you create HTML <img /> tags. The first parameter contains the
image source. Example::
echo img('images/picture.jpg'); // gives <img src="http://site.com/images/picture.jpg" />
There is an optional second parameter that is a TRUE/FALSE value that
specifics if the *src* should have the page specified by
``$config['index_page']`` added to the address it creates.
Presumably, this would be if you were using a media controller::
echo img('images/picture.jpg', TRUE); // gives <img src="http://site.com/index.php/images/picture.jpg" alt="" />
Additionally, an associative array can be passed to the ``img()`` function
for complete control over all attributes and values. If an *alt* attribute
is not provided, CodeIgniter will generate an empty string.
Example::
$image_properties = array(
'src' => 'images/picture.jpg',
'alt' => 'Me, demonstrating how to eat 4 slices of pizza at one time',
'class' => 'post_images',
'width' => '200',
'height'=> '200',
'title' => 'That was quite a night',
'rel' => 'lightbox'
);
img($image_properties);
// <img src="http://site.com/index.php/images/picture.jpg" alt="Me, demonstrating how to eat 4 slices of pizza at one time" class="post_images" width="200" height="200" title="That was quite a night" rel="lightbox" />
.. php:function:: link_tag([$href = ''[, $rel = 'stylesheet'[, $type = 'text/css'[, $title = ''[, $media = ''[, $index_page = FALSE]]]]]])
:param string $href: What are we linking to
:param string $rel: Relation type
:param string $type: Type of the related document
:param string $title: Link title
:param string $media: Media type
:param bool $index_page: Whether to treat $src as a routed URI string
:returns: HTML link tag
:rtype: string
Lets you create HTML <link /> tags. This is useful for stylesheet links,
as well as other links. The parameters are *href*, with optional *rel*,
*type*, *title*, *media* and *index_page*.
*index_page* is a boolean value that specifies if the *href* should have
the page specified by ``$config['index_page']`` added to the address it creates.
Example::
echo link_tag('css/mystyles.css');
// gives <link href="http://site.com/css/mystyles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
Further examples::
echo link_tag('favicon.ico', 'shortcut icon', 'image/ico');
// <link href="http://site.com/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" />
echo link_tag('feed', 'alternate', 'application/rss+xml', 'My RSS Feed');
// <link href="http://site.com/feed" rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="My RSS Feed" />
Additionally, an associative array can be passed to the ``link()`` function
for complete control over all attributes and values::
$link = array(
'href' => 'css/printer.css',
'rel' => 'stylesheet',
'type' => 'text/css',
'media' => 'print'
);
echo link_tag($link);
// <link href="http://site.com/css/printer.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" />
.. php:function:: ul($list[, $attributes = ''])
:param array $list: List entries
:param array $attributes: HTML attributes
:returns: HTML-formatted unordered list
:rtype: string
Permits you to generate unordered HTML lists from simple or
multi-dimensional arrays. Example::
$list = array(
'red',
'blue',
'green',
'yellow'
);
$attributes = array(
'class' => 'boldlist',
'id' => 'mylist'
);
echo ul($list, $attributes);
The above code will produce this:
.. code-block:: html
<ul class="boldlist" id="mylist">
<li>red</li>
<li>blue</li>
<li>green</li>
<li>yellow</li>
</ul>
Here is a more complex example, using a multi-dimensional array::
$attributes = array(
'class' => 'boldlist',
'id' => 'mylist'
);
$list = array(
'colors' => array(
'red',
'blue',
'green'
),
'shapes' => array(
'round',
'square',
'circles' => array(
'ellipse',
'oval',
'sphere'
)
),
'moods' => array(
'happy',
'upset' => array(
'defeated' => array(
'dejected',
'disheartened',
'depressed'
),
'annoyed',
'cross',
'angry'
)
)
);
echo ul($list, $attributes);
The above code will produce this:
.. code-block:: html
<ul class="boldlist" id="mylist">
<li>colors
<ul>
<li>red</li>
<li>blue</li>
<li>green</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>shapes
<ul>
<li>round</li>
<li>suare</li>
<li>circles
<ul>
<li>elipse</li>
<li>oval</li>
<li>sphere</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>moods
<ul>
<li>happy</li>
<li>upset
<ul>
<li>defeated
<ul>
<li>dejected</li>
<li>disheartened</li>
<li>depressed</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>annoyed</li>
<li>cross</li>
<li>angry</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
.. php:function:: ol($list, $attributes = '')
:param array $list: List entries
:param array $attributes: HTML attributes
:returns: HTML-formatted ordered list
:rtype: string
Identical to :php:func:`ul()`, only it produces the <ol> tag for
ordered lists instead of <ul>.
.. php:function:: meta([$name = ''[, $content = ''[, $type = 'name'[, $newline = "\n"]]]])
:param string $name: Meta name
:param string $content: Meta content
:param string $type: Meta type
:param string $newline: Newline character
:returns: HTML meta tag
:rtype: string
Helps you generate meta tags. You can pass strings to the function, or
simple arrays, or multidimensional ones.
Examples::
echo meta('description', 'My Great site');
// Generates: <meta name="description" content="My Great Site" />
echo meta('Content-type', 'text/html; charset=utf-8', 'equiv');
// Note the third parameter. Can be "charset", "http-equiv", "name" or "property"
// Generates: <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
echo meta(array('name' => 'robots', 'content' => 'no-cache'));
// Generates: <meta name="robots" content="no-cache" />
$meta = array(
array(
'name' => 'robots',
'content' => 'no-cache'
),
array(
'name' => 'description',
'content' => 'My Great Site'
),
array(
'name' => 'keywords',
'content' => 'love, passion, intrigue, deception'
),
array(
'name' => 'robots',
'content' => 'no-cache'
),
array(
'name' => 'Content-Type',
'type' => 'http-equiv',
'content' => 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
),
array(
'name' => 'UTF-8',
'type' => 'charset'
)
);
echo meta($meta);
// Generates:
// <meta name="robots" content="no-cache" />
// <meta name="description" content="My Great Site" />
// <meta name="keywords" content="love, passion, intrigue, deception" />
// <meta name="robots" content="no-cache" />
// <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
// <meta charset="UTF-8" />
.. php:function:: doctype([$type = 'html5'])
:param string $type: Doctype name
:returns: HTML DocType tag
:rtype: string
Helps you generate document type declarations, or DTD's. HTML 5
is used by default, but many doctypes are available.
Example::
echo doctype(); // <!DOCTYPE html>
echo doctype('html4-trans'); // <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
The following is a list of doctype choices. These are configurable, and
pulled from application/config/doctypes.php
=============================== =================== ==================================================================================================================================================
Document type Option Result
=============================== =================== ==================================================================================================================================================
XHTML 1.1 xhtml11 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
XHTML 1.0 Strict xhtml1-strict <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
XHTML 1.0 Transitional xhtml1-trans <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
XHTML 1.0 Frameset xhtml1-frame <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
XHTML Basic 1.1 xhtml-basic11 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic11.dtd">
HTML 5 html5 <!DOCTYPE html>
HTML 4 Strict html4-strict <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
HTML 4 Transitional html4-trans <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
HTML 4 Frameset html4-frame <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
MathML 1.01 mathml1 <!DOCTYPE math SYSTEM "https://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml1/mathml.dtd">
MathML 2.0 mathml2 <!DOCTYPE math PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD MathML 2.0//EN" "https://www.w3.org/Math/DTD/mathml2/mathml2.dtd">
SVG 1.0 svg10 <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.0//EN" "https://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd">
SVG 1.1 Full svg11 <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
SVG 1.1 Basic svg11-basic <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1 Basic//EN" "https://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11-basic.dtd">
SVG 1.1 Tiny svg11-tiny <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1 Tiny//EN" "https://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11-tiny.dtd">
XHTML+MathML+SVG (XHTML host) xhtml-math-svg-xh <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg.dtd">
XHTML+MathML+SVG (SVG host) xhtml-math-svg-sh <!DOCTYPE svg:svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg.dtd">
XHTML+RDFa 1.0 xhtml-rdfa-1 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "https://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">
XHTML+RDFa 1.1 xhtml-rdfa-2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.1//EN" "https://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-2.dtd">
=============================== =================== ==================================================================================================================================================