enforce consistent spacing inside braces (object-curly-spacing)

While formatting preferences are very personal, a number of style guides require or disallow spaces between curly braces in the following situations:

// simple object literals
var obj = { foo: "bar" };
 
// nested object literals
var obj = { foo: { zoo: "bar" } };
 
// destructuring assignment (EcmaScript 6)
var { x, y } = y;
 
// import/export declarations (EcmaScript 6)
import { foo } from "bar";
export { foo };

Rule Details

This rule enforce consistent spacing inside braces of object literals, destructuring assignments, and import/export specifiers.

Options

This rule has two options, a string option and an object option.

String option:

• "never" (default) disallows spacing inside of braces
• "always" requires spacing inside of braces (except {})

Object option:

• "arraysInObjects": true requires spacing inside of braces of objects beginning and/or ending with an array element (applies when the first option is set to never)
• "arraysInObjects": false disallows spacing inside of braces of objects beginning and/or ending with an array element (applies when the first option is set to always)
• "objectsInObjects": true requires spacing inside of braces of objects beginning and/or ending with an object element (applies when the first option is set to never)
• "objectsInObjects": false disallows spacing inside of braces of objects beginning and/or ending with an object element (applies when the first option is set to always)

never

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "never" option:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var obj = { 'foo': 'bar' };
var obj = {'foo': 'bar' };
var obj = { baz: {'foo': 'qux'}, bar};
var obj = {baz: { 'foo': 'qux'}, bar};
var {x } = y;
import { foo } from 'bar';

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "never" option:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var obj = {'foo': 'bar'};
var obj = {'foo': {'bar': 'baz'}, 'qux': 'quxx'};
var obj = {
  'foo': 'bar'
};
var obj = {'foo': 'bar'
};
var obj = {
  'foo':'bar'};
var obj = {};
var {x} = y;
import {foo} from 'bar';

always

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "always" option:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "always"]*/
 
var obj = {'foo': 'bar'};
var obj = {'foo': 'bar' };
var obj = { baz: {'foo': 'qux'}, bar};
var obj = {baz: { 'foo': 'qux' }, bar};
var obj = {'foo': 'bar'
};
var obj = {
  'foo':'bar'};
var {x} = y;
import {foo } from 'bar';

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "always" option:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "always"]*/
 
var obj = {};
var obj = { 'foo': 'bar' };
var obj = { 'foo': { 'bar': 'baz' }, 'qux': 'quxx' };
var obj = {
  'foo': 'bar'
};
var { x } = y;
import { foo } from 'bar';

arraysInObjects

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "never", { "arraysInObjects": true } options:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "never", { "arraysInObjects": true }]*/
 
var obj = {"foo": [ 1, 2 ] };
var obj = {"foo": [ "baz", "bar" ] };

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "always", { "arraysInObjects": false } options:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "always", { "arraysInObjects": false }]*/
 
var obj = { "foo": [ 1, 2 ]};
var obj = { "foo": [ "baz", "bar" ]};

objectsInObjects

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "never", { "objectsInObjects": true } options:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "never", { "objectsInObjects": true }]*/
 
var obj = {"foo": {"baz": 1, "bar": 2} };

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "always", { "objectsInObjects": false } options:

/*eslint object-curly-spacing: ["error", "always", { "objectsInObjects": false }]*/
 
var obj = { "foo": { "baz": 1, "bar": 2 }};

When Not To Use It

You can turn this rule off if you are not concerned with the consistency of spacing between curly braces.

Related Rules

• [comma-spacing](comma-spacing.md)
• [space-in-parens](space-in-parens.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

enforce the consistent use of either backticks, double, or single quotes (quotes)

JavaScript allows you to define strings in one of three ways: double quotes, single quotes, and backticks (as of ECMAScript 6). For example:

/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var double = "double";
var single = 'single';
var backtick = `backtick`;    // ES6 only

Each of these lines creates a string and, in some cases, can be used interchangeably. The choice of how to define strings in a codebase is a stylistic one outside of template literals (which allow embedded of expressions to be interpreted).

Many codebases require strings to be defined in a consistent manner.

Rule Details

This rule enforces the consistent use of either backticks, double, or single quotes.

Options

This rule has two options, a string option and an object option.

String option:

• "double" (default) requires the use of double quotes wherever possible
• "single" requires the use of single quotes wherever possible
• "backtick" requires the use of backticks wherever possible

Object option:

• "avoidEscape": true allows strings to use single-quotes or double-quotes so long as the string contains a quote that would have to be escaped otherwise
• "allowTemplateLiterals": true allows strings to use backticks

Deprecated: The object property avoid-escape is deprecated; please use the object property avoidEscape instead.

double

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "double" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "double"]*/
 
var single = 'single';
var unescaped = 'a string containing "double" quotes';

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "double" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "double"]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var double = "double";
var backtick = `back\ntick`;  // backticks are allowed due to newline
var backtick = tag`backtick`; // backticks are allowed due to tag

single

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "single" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "single"]*/
 
var double = "double";
var unescaped = "a string containing 'single' quotes";

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "single" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "single"]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var single = 'single';
var backtick = `back${x}tick`; // backticks are allowed due to substitution

backticks

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "backtick" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "backtick"]*/
 
var single = 'single';
var double = "double";
var unescaped = 'a string containing `backticks`';

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "backtick" option:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "backtick"]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var backtick = `backtick`;

avoidEscape

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "double", { "avoidEscape": true } options:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "double", { "avoidEscape": true }]*/
 
var single = 'a string containing "double" quotes';

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "single", { "avoidEscape": true } options:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "single", { "avoidEscape": true }]*/
 
var double = "a string containing 'single' quotes";

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "backtick", { "avoidEscape": true } options:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "backtick", { "avoidEscape": true }]*/
 
var double = "a string containing `backtick` quotes"

allowTemplateLiterals

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "double", { "allowTemplateLiterals": true } options:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "double", { "allowTemplateLiterals": true }]*/
 
var double = "double";
var double = `double`;

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "single", { "allowTemplateLiterals": true } options:

/*eslint quotes: ["error", "single", { "allowTemplateLiterals": true }]*/
 
var single = 'single';
var single = `single`;

When Not To Use It

If you do not need consistency in your string styles, you can safely disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

enforce consistent indentation (indent)

There are several common guidelines which require specific indentation of nested blocks and statements, like:

function hello(indentSize, type) {
    if (indentSize === 4 && type !== 'tab') {
        console.log('Each next indentation will increase on 4 spaces');
    }
}

These are the most common scenarios recommended in different style guides:

• Two spaces, not longer and no tabs: Google, npm, Node.js, Idiomatic, Felix
• Tabs: jQuery
• Four spaces: Crockford

Rule Details

This rule enforces a consistent indentation style. The default style is 4 spaces.

Options

This rule has a mixed option:

For example, for 2-space indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", 2]
}

Or for tabbed indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", "tab"]
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
  b=c;
  function foo(d) {
    e=f;
  }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
    b=c;
    function foo(d) {
        e=f;
    }
}

This rule has an object option:

• "SwitchCase" (default: 0) enforces indentation level for case clauses in switch statements
• "VariableDeclarator" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for var declarators; can also take an object to define separate rules for var, let and const declarations.
• "outerIIFEBody" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for file-level IIFEs.
• "MemberExpression" (off by default) enforces indentation level for multi-line property chains (except in variable declarations and assignments)
• "FunctionDeclaration" takes an object to define rules for function declarations.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function declaration. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the declaration must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function declaration.
• "FunctionExpression" takes an object to define rules for function expressions.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the expression must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function expression.
• "CallExpression" takes an object to define rules for function call expressions.
  • arguments (off by default) enforces indentation level for arguments in a call expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all arguments of the expression must be aligned with the first argument.
• "ArrayExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for elements in arrays. It can also be set to the string "first", indicating that all the elements in the array should be aligned with the first element.
• "ObjectExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for properties in objects. It can be set to the string "first", indicating that all properties in the object should be aligned with the first property.

Level of indentation denotes the multiple of the indent specified. Example:

• Indent of 4 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 8 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to {"var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3} will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces for var and let, 6 spaces for const statements.
• Indent of tab with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 2 tabs.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 0 will not indent case clauses with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 1 will indent case clauses with 2 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 4 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of tab with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 2 tabs with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 2 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 8 spaces.

tab

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
     b=c;
function foo(d) {
           e=f;
 }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
/*tab*/b=c;
/*tab*/function foo(d) {
/*tab*//*tab*/e=f;
/*tab*/}
}

SwitchCase

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
case "a":
    break;
case "b":
    break;
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
  case "a":
    break;
  case "b":
    break;
}

VariableDeclarator

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
  b,
  c;
let a,
  b,
  c;
const a = 1,
  b = 2,
  c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
      b = 2,
      c = 3;

outerIIFEBody

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the options 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
  function foo(x) {
    return x + 1;
  }
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
console.log('foo');
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the options 2, {"outerIIFEBody": 0}:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
function foo(x) {
  return x + 1;
}
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
   console.log('foo');
}

MemberExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
.bar
.baz()

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
  .bar
  .baz();
 
// Any indentation is permitted in variable declarations and assignments.
var bip = aardvark.badger
                  .coyote;

FunctionDeclaration

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
             qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

FunctionExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
                   qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

CallExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
    baz,
      qux
);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux
);

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
  baz, boop, beep);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
    baz, boop, beep);

ArrayExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
    bar,
baz,
      qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
  bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
           baz,
           qux
];

ObjectExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: 1,
baz: 2,
      qux: 3
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
  bar: 1,
  baz: 2,
  qux: 3
};

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
  baz: 2 };

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
            baz: 2 };

Compatibility

• JSHint: indent
• JSCS: validateIndentation Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

Require or disallow a space before function parenthesis (space-before-function-paren)

When formatting a function, whitespace is allowed between the function name or function keyword and the opening paren. Named functions also require a space between the function keyword and the function name, but anonymous functions require no whitespace. For example:

function withoutSpace(x) {
    // ...
}
 
function withSpace (x) {
    // ...
}
 
var anonymousWithoutSpace = function() {};
 
var anonymousWithSpace = function () {};

Style guides may require a space after the function keyword for anonymous functions, while others specify no whitespace. Similarly, the space after a function name may or may not be required.

Rule Details

This rule aims to enforce consistent spacing before function parentheses and as such, will warn whenever whitespace doesn't match the preferences specified.

Options

This rule has a string option or an object option:

{
    "space-before-function-paren": ["error", "always"],
    // or
    "space-before-function-paren": ["error", {
        "anonymous": "always",
        "named": "always",
        "asyncArrow": "ignore"
    }],
}

• always (default) requires a space followed by the ( of arguments.
• never disallows any space followed by the ( of arguments.

The string option does not check async arrow function expressions for backward compatibility.

You can also use a separate option for each type of function. Each of the following options can be set to "always", "never", or "ignore". Default is "always" basically.

• anonymous is for anonymous function expressions (e.g. function () {}).
• named is for named function expressions (e.g. function foo () {}).
• asyncArrow is for async arrow function expressions (e.g. async () => {}). asyncArrow is set to "ignore" by default for backwards compatibility.

"always"

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "always" option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: "error"*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo() {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function() {
    // ...
};
 
var bar = function foo() {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor() {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar() {
        // ...
    }
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "always" option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: "error"*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo () {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function () {
    // ...
};
 
var bar = function foo () {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor () {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar () {
        // ...
    }
};
 
// async arrow function expressions are ignored by default.
var foo = async () => 1
var foo = async() => 1

"never"

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "never" option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", "never"]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo () {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function () {
    // ...
};
 
var bar = function foo () {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor () {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar () {
        // ...
    }
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "never" option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", "never"]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo() {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function() {
    // ...
};
 
var bar = function foo() {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor() {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar() {
        // ...
    }
};
 
// async arrow function expressions are ignored by default.
var foo = async () => 1
var foo = async() => 1

{"anonymous": "always", "named": "never", "asyncArrow": "always"}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "always", "named": "never", "asyncArrow": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", {"anonymous": "always", "named": "never", "asyncArrow": "always"}]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo () {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function() {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor () {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar () {
        // ...
    }
};
 
var foo = async(a) => await a

Examples of correct code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "always", "named": "never", "asyncArrow": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", {"anonymous": "always", "named": "never", "asyncArrow": "always"}]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo() {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function () {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor() {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar() {
        // ...
    }
};
 
var foo = async (a) => await a

{"anonymous": "never", "named": "always"}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "never", "named": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", { "anonymous": "never", "named": "always" }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo() {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function () {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor() {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar() {
        // ...
    }
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "never", "named": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", { "anonymous": "never", "named": "always" }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo () {
    // ...
}
 
var bar = function() {
    // ...
};
 
class Foo {
    constructor () {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar () {
        // ...
    }
};

{"anonymous": "ignore", "named": "always"}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "ignore", "named": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", { "anonymous": "ignore", "named": "always" }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
function foo() {
    // ...
}
 
class Foo {
    constructor() {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar() {
        // ...
    }
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the {"anonymous": "ignore", "named": "always"} option:

/*eslint space-before-function-paren: ["error", { "anonymous": "ignore", "named": "always" }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var bar = function() {
    // ...
};
 
var bar = function () {
    // ...
};
 
function foo () {
    // ...
}
 
class Foo {
    constructor () {
        // ...
    }
}
 
var foo = {
    bar () {
        // ...
    }
};

When Not To Use It

You can turn this rule off if you are not concerned with the consistency of spacing before function parenthesis.

Related Rules

• [space-after-keywords](space-after-keywords.md)
• [space-return-throw-case](space-return-throw-case.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

require let or const instead of var (no-var)

ECMAScript 6 allows programmers to create variables with block scope instead of function scope using the let and const keywords. Block scope is common in many other programming languages and helps programmers avoid mistakes such as:

var count = people.length;
var enoughFood = count > sandwiches.length;
 
if (enoughFood) {
    var count = sandwiches.length; // accidentally overriding the count variable
    console.log("We have " + count + " sandwiches for everyone. Plenty for all!");
}
 
// our count variable is no longer accurate
console.log("We have " + count + " people and " + sandwiches.length + " sandwiches!");

Rule Details

This rule is aimed at discouraging the use of var and encouraging the use of const or let instead.

Examples

Examples of incorrect code for this rule:

/*eslint no-var: "error"*/
 
var x = "y";
var CONFIG = {};

Examples of correct code for this rule:

/*eslint no-var: "error"*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
let x = "y";
const CONFIG = {};

When Not To Use It

In addition to non-ES6 environments, existing JavaScript projects that are beginning to introduce ES6 into their codebase may not want to apply this rule if the cost of migrating from var to let is too costly. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

For more information visit Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

Suggest using arrow functions as callbacks. (prefer-arrow-callback)

Arrow functions are suited to callbacks, because:

• this keywords in arrow functions bind to the upper scope's.
• The notation of the arrow function is shorter than function expression's.

Rule Details

This rule is aimed to flag usage of function expressions in an argument list.

The following patterns are considered problems:

/*eslint prefer-arrow-callback: "error"*/
 
foo(function(a) { return a; });
foo(function() { return this.a; }.bind(this));

The following patterns are not considered problems:

/*eslint prefer-arrow-callback: "error"*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
foo(a => a);
foo(function*() { yield; });
 
// this is not a callback.
var foo = function foo(a) { return a; };
 
// using `this` without `.bind(this)`.
foo(function() { return this.a; });
 
// recursively.
foo(function bar(n) { return n && n + bar(n - 1); });

Options

This rule takes one optional argument, an object which is an options object.

allowNamedFunctions

This is a boolean option and it is false by default. When set to true, the rule doesn't warn on named functions used as callbacks.

Examples of correct code for the { "allowNamedFunctions": true } option:

/*eslint prefer-arrow-callback: ["error", { "allowNamedFunctions": true }]*/
 
foo(function bar() {});

allowUnboundThis

This is a boolean option and it is true by default. When set to false, this option allows the use of this without restriction and checks for dynamically assigned this values such as when using Array.prototype.map with a context argument. Normally, the rule will flag the use of this whenever a function does not use bind() to specify the value of this constantly.

Examples of incorrect code for the { "allowUnboundThis": false } option:

/*eslint prefer-arrow-callback: ["error", { "allowUnboundThis": false }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
foo(function() { this.a; });
 
foo(function() { (() => this); });
 
someArray.map(function (itm) { return this.doSomething(itm); }, someObject);

When Not To Use It

This rule should not be used in ES3/5 environments.

In ES2015 (ES6) or later, if you don't want to be notified about function expressions in an argument list, you can safely disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

enforce consistent indentation (indent)

There are several common guidelines which require specific indentation of nested blocks and statements, like:

function hello(indentSize, type) {
    if (indentSize === 4 && type !== 'tab') {
        console.log('Each next indentation will increase on 4 spaces');
    }
}

These are the most common scenarios recommended in different style guides:

• Two spaces, not longer and no tabs: Google, npm, Node.js, Idiomatic, Felix
• Tabs: jQuery
• Four spaces: Crockford

Rule Details

This rule enforces a consistent indentation style. The default style is 4 spaces.

Options

This rule has a mixed option:

For example, for 2-space indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", 2]
}

Or for tabbed indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", "tab"]
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
  b=c;
  function foo(d) {
    e=f;
  }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
    b=c;
    function foo(d) {
        e=f;
    }
}

This rule has an object option:

• "SwitchCase" (default: 0) enforces indentation level for case clauses in switch statements
• "VariableDeclarator" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for var declarators; can also take an object to define separate rules for var, let and const declarations.
• "outerIIFEBody" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for file-level IIFEs.
• "MemberExpression" (off by default) enforces indentation level for multi-line property chains (except in variable declarations and assignments)
• "FunctionDeclaration" takes an object to define rules for function declarations.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function declaration. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the declaration must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function declaration.
• "FunctionExpression" takes an object to define rules for function expressions.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the expression must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function expression.
• "CallExpression" takes an object to define rules for function call expressions.
  • arguments (off by default) enforces indentation level for arguments in a call expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all arguments of the expression must be aligned with the first argument.
• "ArrayExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for elements in arrays. It can also be set to the string "first", indicating that all the elements in the array should be aligned with the first element.
• "ObjectExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for properties in objects. It can be set to the string "first", indicating that all properties in the object should be aligned with the first property.

Level of indentation denotes the multiple of the indent specified. Example:

• Indent of 4 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 8 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to {"var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3} will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces for var and let, 6 spaces for const statements.
• Indent of tab with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 2 tabs.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 0 will not indent case clauses with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 1 will indent case clauses with 2 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 4 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of tab with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 2 tabs with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 2 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 8 spaces.

tab

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
     b=c;
function foo(d) {
           e=f;
 }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
/*tab*/b=c;
/*tab*/function foo(d) {
/*tab*//*tab*/e=f;
/*tab*/}
}

SwitchCase

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
case "a":
    break;
case "b":
    break;
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
  case "a":
    break;
  case "b":
    break;
}

VariableDeclarator

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
  b,
  c;
let a,
  b,
  c;
const a = 1,
  b = 2,
  c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
      b = 2,
      c = 3;

outerIIFEBody

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the options 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
  function foo(x) {
    return x + 1;
  }
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
console.log('foo');
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the options 2, {"outerIIFEBody": 0}:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
function foo(x) {
  return x + 1;
}
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
   console.log('foo');
}

MemberExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
.bar
.baz()

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
  .bar
  .baz();
 
// Any indentation is permitted in variable declarations and assignments.
var bip = aardvark.badger
                  .coyote;

FunctionDeclaration

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
             qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

FunctionExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
                   qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

CallExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
    baz,
      qux
);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux
);

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
  baz, boop, beep);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
    baz, boop, beep);

ArrayExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
    bar,
baz,
      qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
  bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
           baz,
           qux
];

ObjectExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: 1,
baz: 2,
      qux: 3
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
  bar: 1,
  baz: 2,
  qux: 3
};

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
  baz: 2 };

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
            baz: 2 };

Compatibility

• JSHint: indent
• JSCS: validateIndentation Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

require or disallow semicolons instead of ASI (semi)

JavaScript is unique amongst the C-like languages in that it doesn't require semicolons at the end of each statement. In many cases, the JavaScript engine can determine that a semicolon should be in a certain spot and will automatically add it. This feature is known as automatic semicolon insertion (ASI) and is considered one of the more controversial features of JavaScript. For example, the following lines are both valid:

var name = "ESLint"
var website = "eslint.org";

On the first line, the JavaScript engine will automatically insert a semicolon, so this is not considered a syntax error. The JavaScript engine still knows how to interpret the line and knows that the line end indicates the end of the statement.

In the debate over ASI, there are generally two schools of thought. The first is that we should treat ASI as if it didn't exist and always include semicolons manually. The rationale is that it's easier to always include semicolons than to try to remember when they are or are not required, and thus decreases the possibility of introducing an error.

However, the ASI mechanism can sometimes be tricky to people who are using semicolons. For example, consider this code:

return
{
    name: "ESLint"
};

This may look like a return statement that returns an object literal, however, the JavaScript engine will interpret this code as:

return;
{
    name: "ESLint";
}

Effectively, a semicolon is inserted after the return statement, causing the code below it (a labeled literal inside a block) to be unreachable. This rule and the [no-unreachable](no-unreachable.md) rule will protect your code from such cases.

On the other side of the argument are those who says that since semicolons are inserted automatically, they are optional and do not need to be inserted manually. However, the ASI mechanism can also be tricky to people who don't use semicolons. For example, consider this code:

var globalCounter = { }
 
(function () {
    var n = 0
    globalCounter.increment = function () {
        return ++n
    }
})()

In this example, a semicolon will not be inserted after the first line, causing a run-time error (because an empty object is called as if it's a function). The [no-unexpected-multiline](no-unexpected-multiline.md) rule can protect your code from such cases.

Although ASI allows for more freedom over your coding style, it can also make your code behave in an unexpected way, whether you use semicolons or not. Therefore, it is best to know when ASI takes place and when it does not, and have ESLint protect your code from these potentially unexpected cases. In short, as once described by Isaac Schlueter, a \n character always ends a statement (just like a semicolon) unless one of the following is true:

1. The statement has an unclosed paren, array literal, or object literal or ends in some other way that is not a valid way to end a statement. (For instance, ending with . or ,.)
2. The line is -- or ++ (in which case it will decrement/increment the next token.)
3. It is a for(), while(), do, if(), or else, and there is no {
4. The next line starts with [, (, +, *, /, -, ,, ., or some other binary operator that can only be found between two tokens in a single expression.

Rule Details

This rule enforces consistent use of semicolons.

Options

This rule has two options, a string option and an object option.

String option:

• "always" (default) requires semicolons at the end of statements
• "never" disallows semicolons as the end of statements (except to disambiguate statements beginning with [, (, /, +, or -)

Object option:

• "omitLastInOneLineBlock": true ignores the last semicolon in a block in which its braces (and therefore the content of the block) are in the same line

always

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "always" option:

/*eslint semi: ["error", "always"]*/
 
var name = "ESLint"
 
object.method = function() {
    // ...
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "always" option:

/*eslint semi: "error"*/
 
var name = "ESLint";
 
object.method = function() {
    // ...
};

never

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "never" option:

/*eslint semi: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var name = "ESLint";
 
object.method = function() {
    // ...
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "never" option:

/*eslint semi: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var name = "ESLint"
 
object.method = function() {
    // ...
}
 
var name = "ESLint"
 
;(function() {
    // ...
})()

omitLastInOneLineBlock

Examples of additional correct code for this rule with the "always", { "omitLastInOneLineBlock": true } options:

/*eslint semi: ["error", "always", { "omitLastInOneLineBlock": true}] */
 
if (foo) { bar() }
 
if (foo) { bar(); baz() }

When Not To Use It

If you do not want to enforce semicolon usage (or omission) in any particular way, then you can turn this rule off.

Further Reading

• An Open Letter to JavaScript Leaders Regarding Semicolons
• JavaScript Semicolon Insertion

Related Rules

• [no-extra-semi](no-extra-semi.md)
• [no-unexpected-multiline](no-unexpected-multiline.md)
• [semi-spacing](semi-spacing.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

enforce consistent indentation (indent)

There are several common guidelines which require specific indentation of nested blocks and statements, like:

function hello(indentSize, type) {
    if (indentSize === 4 && type !== 'tab') {
        console.log('Each next indentation will increase on 4 spaces');
    }
}

These are the most common scenarios recommended in different style guides:

• Two spaces, not longer and no tabs: Google, npm, Node.js, Idiomatic, Felix
• Tabs: jQuery
• Four spaces: Crockford

Rule Details

This rule enforces a consistent indentation style. The default style is 4 spaces.

Options

This rule has a mixed option:

For example, for 2-space indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", 2]
}

Or for tabbed indentation:

{
    "indent": ["error", "tab"]
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
  b=c;
  function foo(d) {
    e=f;
  }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default options:

/*eslint indent: "error"*/
 
if (a) {
    b=c;
    function foo(d) {
        e=f;
    }
}

This rule has an object option:

• "SwitchCase" (default: 0) enforces indentation level for case clauses in switch statements
• "VariableDeclarator" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for var declarators; can also take an object to define separate rules for var, let and const declarations.
• "outerIIFEBody" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for file-level IIFEs.
• "MemberExpression" (off by default) enforces indentation level for multi-line property chains (except in variable declarations and assignments)
• "FunctionDeclaration" takes an object to define rules for function declarations.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function declaration. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the declaration must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function declaration.
• "FunctionExpression" takes an object to define rules for function expressions.
  • parameters (off by default) enforces indentation level for parameters in a function expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all parameters of the expression must be aligned with the first parameter.
  • body (default: 1) enforces indentation level for the body of a function expression.
• "CallExpression" takes an object to define rules for function call expressions.
  • arguments (off by default) enforces indentation level for arguments in a call expression. This can either be a number indicating indentation level, or the string "first" indicating that all arguments of the expression must be aligned with the first argument.
• "ArrayExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for elements in arrays. It can also be set to the string "first", indicating that all the elements in the array should be aligned with the first element.
• "ObjectExpression" (default: 1) enforces indentation level for properties in objects. It can be set to the string "first", indicating that all properties in the object should be aligned with the first property.

Level of indentation denotes the multiple of the indent specified. Example:

• Indent of 4 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 8 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with VariableDeclarator set to {"var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3} will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 4 spaces for var and let, 6 spaces for const statements.
• Indent of tab with VariableDeclarator set to 2 will indent the multi-line variable declarations with 2 tabs.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 0 will not indent case clauses with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 1 will indent case clauses with 2 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 4 spaces with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of tab with SwitchCase set to 2 will indent case clauses with 2 tabs with respect to switch statements.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 2 spaces.
• Indent of 2 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 0 will indent the multi-line property chains with 0 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 1 will indent the multi-line property chains with 4 spaces.
• Indent of 4 spaces with MemberExpression set to 2 will indent the multi-line property chains with 8 spaces.

tab

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
     b=c;
function foo(d) {
           e=f;
 }
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "tab" option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", "tab"]*/
 
if (a) {
/*tab*/b=c;
/*tab*/function foo(d) {
/*tab*//*tab*/e=f;
/*tab*/}
}

SwitchCase

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
case "a":
    break;
case "b":
    break;
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "SwitchCase": 1 }]*/
 
switch(a){
  case "a":
    break;
  case "b":
    break;
}

VariableDeclarator

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 1 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
  b,
  c;
let a,
  b,
  c;
const a = 1,
  b = 2,
  c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": 2 }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
    b = 2,
    c = 3;

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "VariableDeclarator": { "var": 2, "let": 2, "const": 3 } }]*/
/*eslint-env es6*/
 
var a,
    b,
    c;
let a,
    b,
    c;
const a = 1,
      b = 2,
      c = 3;

outerIIFEBody

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the options 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
  function foo(x) {
    return x + 1;
  }
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
console.log('foo');
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the options 2, {"outerIIFEBody": 0}:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "outerIIFEBody": 0 }]*/
 
(function() {
 
function foo(x) {
  return x + 1;
}
 
})();
 
 
if(y) {
   console.log('foo');
}

MemberExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } options:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
.bar
.baz()

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "MemberExpression": 1 }]*/
 
foo
  .bar
  .baz();
 
// Any indentation is permitted in variable declarations and assignments.
var bip = aardvark.badger
                  .coyote;

FunctionDeclaration

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
function foo(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionDeclaration": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
function foo(bar, baz,
             qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

FunctionExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
  baz,
  qux) {
    qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"body": 1, "parameters": 2} }]*/
 
var foo = function(bar,
    baz,
    qux) {
  qux();
}

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
  qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"FunctionExpression": {"parameters": "first"}}]*/
 
var foo = function(bar, baz,
                   qux, boop) {
  qux();
}

CallExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
    baz,
      qux
);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": 1} }]*/
 
foo(bar,
  baz,
  qux
);

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
  baz, boop, beep);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"} } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"CallExpression": {"arguments": "first"}}]*/
 
foo(bar, baz,
    baz, boop, beep);

ArrayExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
    bar,
baz,
      qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ArrayExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = [
  bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
  baz,
  qux
];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ArrayExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ArrayExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = [bar,
           baz,
           qux
];

ObjectExpression

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: 1,
baz: 2,
      qux: 3
};

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, { "ObjectExpression": 1 }]*/
 
var foo = {
  bar: 1,
  baz: 2,
  qux: 3
};

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
  baz: 2 };

Examples of correct code for this rule with the 2, { "ObjectExpression": "first" } option:

/*eslint indent: ["error", 2, {"ObjectExpression": "first"}]*/
 
var foo = { bar: 1,
            baz: 2 };

Compatibility

• JSHint: indent
• JSCS: validateIndentation Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

Require Variable Declarations to be at the top of their scope (vars-on-top)

The vars-on-top rule generates warnings when variable declarations are not used serially at the top of a function scope or the top of a program. By default variable declarations are always moved (“hoisted”) invisibly to the top of their containing scope by the JavaScript interpreter. This rule forces the programmer to represent that behaviour by manually moving the variable declaration to the top of its containing scope.

Rule Details

This rule aims to keep all variable declarations in the leading series of statements. Allowing multiple declarations helps promote maintainability and is thus allowed.

Examples of incorrect code for this rule:

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
// Variable declarations in a block:
function doSomething() {
    var first;
    if (true) {
        first = true;
    }
    var second;
}
 
// Variable declaration in for initializer:
function doSomething() {
    for (var i=0; i<10; i++) {}
}

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
// Variables after other statements:
f();
var a;

Examples of correct code for this rule:

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
function doSomething() {
    var first;
    var second; //multiple declarations are allowed at the top
    if (true) {
        first = true;
    }
}
 
function doSomething() {
    var i;
    for (i=0; i<10; i++) {}
}

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
var a;
f();

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
// Directives may precede variable declarations.
"use strict";
var a;
f();
 
// Comments can describe variables.
function doSomething() {
    // this is the first var.
    var first;
    // this is the second var.
    var second
}

Further Reading

• JavaScript Scoping and Hoisting
• var Hoisting
• A criticism of the Single Var Pattern in JavaScript, and a simple alternative
• Multiple var statements in JavaScript, not superfluous Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

require or disallow trailing commas (comma-dangle)

Trailing commas in object literals are valid according to the ECMAScript 5 (and ECMAScript 3!) spec. However, IE8 (when not in IE8 document mode) and below will throw an error when it encounters trailing commas in JavaScript.

var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux",
};

Trailing commas simplify adding and removing items to objects and arrays, since only the lines you are modifying must be touched. Another argument in favor of trailing commas is that it improves the clarity of diffs when an item is added or removed from an object or array:

Less clear:

var foo = {
-    bar: "baz",
-    qux: "quux"
+    bar: "baz"
 };

More clear:

var foo = {
     bar: "baz",
-    qux: "quux",
 };

Rule Details

This rule enforces consistent use of trailing commas in object and array literals.

Options

This rule has a string option or an object option:

{
    "comma-dangle": ["error", "never"],
    // or
    "comma-dangle": ["error", {
        "arrays": "never",
        "objects": "never",
        "imports": "never",
        "exports": "never",
        "functions": "ignore",
    }]
}

• "never" (default) disallows trailing commas
• "always" requires trailing commas
• "always-multiline" requires trailing commas when the last element or property is in a different line than the closing ] or } and disallows trailing commas when the last element or property is on the same line as the closing ] or }
• "only-multiline" allows (but does not require) trailing commas when the last element or property is in a different line than the closing ] or } and disallows trailing commas when the last element or property is on the same line as the closing ] or }

Trailing commas in function declarations and function calls are valid syntax since ECMAScript 2017; however, the string option does not check these situations for backwards compatibility.

You can also use an object option to configure this rule for each type of syntax. Each of the following options can be set to "never", "always", "always-multiline", "only-multiline", or "ignore". The default for each option is "never" unless otherwise specified.

• arrays is for array literals and array patterns of destructuring. (e.g. let [a,] = [1,];)
• objects is for object literals and object patterns of destructuring. (e.g. let {a,} = {a: 1};)
• imports is for import declarations of ES Modules. (e.g. import {a,} from "foo";)
• exports is for export declarations of ES Modules. (e.g. export {a,};)
• functions is for function declarations and function calls. (e.g. (function(a,){ })(b,);)
  functions is set to "ignore" by default for consistency with the string option.

never

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default "never" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux",
};
 
var arr = [1,2,];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux",
});

Examples of correct code for this rule with the default "never" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "never"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux"
};
 
var arr = [1,2];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux"
});

always

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "always" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "always"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux"
};
 
var arr = [1,2];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux"
});

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "always" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "always"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux",
};
 
var arr = [1,2,];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux",
});

always-multiline

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "always-multiline" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "always-multiline"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux"
};
 
var foo = { bar: "baz", qux: "quux", };
 
var arr = [1,2,];
 
var arr = [1,
    2,];
 
var arr = [
    1,
    2
];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux"
});

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "always-multiline" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "always-multiline"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux",
};
 
var foo = {bar: "baz", qux: "quux"};
var arr = [1,2];
 
var arr = [1,
    2];
 
var arr = [
    1,
    2,
];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux",
});

only-multiline

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "only-multiline" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "only-multiline"]*/
 
var foo = { bar: "baz", qux: "quux", };
 
var arr = [1,2,];
 
var arr = [1,
    2,];

Examples of correct code for this rule with the "only-multiline" option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", "only-multiline"]*/
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux",
};
 
var foo = {
    bar: "baz",
    qux: "quux"
};
 
var foo = {bar: "baz", qux: "quux"};
var arr = [1,2];
 
var arr = [1,
    2];
 
var arr = [
    1,
    2,
];
 
var arr = [
    1,
    2
];
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux",
});
 
foo({
  bar: "baz",
  qux: "quux"
});

functions

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the {"functions": "never"} option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", {"functions": "never"}]*/
 
function foo(a, b,) {
}
 
foo(a, b,);
new foo(a, b,);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the {"functions": "never"} option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", {"functions": "never"}]*/
 
function foo(a, b) {
}
 
foo(a, b);
new foo(a, b);

Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the {"functions": "always"} option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", {"functions": "always"}]*/
 
function foo(a, b) {
}
 
foo(a, b);
new foo(a, b);

Examples of correct code for this rule with the {"functions": "always"} option:

/*eslint comma-dangle: ["error", {"functions": "always"}]*/
 
function foo(a, b,) {
}
 
foo(a, b,);
new foo(a, b,);

When Not To Use It

You can turn this rule off if you are not concerned with dangling commas. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/

Require Variable Declarations to be at the top of their scope (vars-on-top)

The vars-on-top rule generates warnings when variable declarations are not used serially at the top of a function scope or the top of a program. By default variable declarations are always moved (“hoisted”) invisibly to the top of their containing scope by the JavaScript interpreter. This rule forces the programmer to represent that behaviour by manually moving the variable declaration to the top of its containing scope.

Rule Details

This rule aims to keep all variable declarations in the leading series of statements. Allowing multiple declarations helps promote maintainability and is thus allowed.

Examples of incorrect code for this rule:

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
// Variable declarations in a block:
function doSomething() {
    var first;
    if (true) {
        first = true;
    }
    var second;
}
 
// Variable declaration in for initializer:
function doSomething() {
    for (var i=0; i<10; i++) {}
}

/*eslint vars-on-top: "error"*/
 
// Variables after other statements:
f();
var a;