SciRuby/gnuplotrb

require 'gnuplotrb'
include GnuplotRB

titles = %w{decade Austria Hungary  Belgium}
data = [
  ['1891-1900',  234081,  181288,  18167],
  ['1901-1910',  668209,  808511,  41635],
  ['1911-1920',  453649,  442693,  33746],
  ['1921-1930',  32868,   30680,   15846],
  ['1931-1940',  3563,    7861,    4817],
  ['1941-1950',  24860,   3469,    12189],
  ['1951-1960',  67106,   36637,   18575],
  ['1961-1970',  20621,   5401,    9192],
]
x = data.map(&:first)
plots = (1..3).map do |col|
  y = data.map { |row| row[col] }
  Plot.new([[x, y], using: '2:xtic(1)', title: titles[col]])
end
mp = Multiplot.new(
  *plots,
  layout: [plots.size, 1],
  style_data: 'histograms',
  title: 'Histograms',
  xtics: 'nomirror rotate by -45'
)

mp.to_png('./gnuplot_gem.png', size: [400,800])