WP-API/WP-API

View on GitHub
lib/endpoints/class-wp-rest-users-controller.php

Summary

Maintainability
F
6 days
Test Coverage
<?php

/**
 * Access users
 */
class WP_REST_Users_Controller extends WP_REST_Controller {

    /**
     * Instance of a user meta fields object.
     *
     * @access protected
     * @var WP_REST_User_Meta_Fields
     */
    protected $meta;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->namespace = 'wp/v2';
        $this->rest_base = 'users';

        $this->meta = new WP_REST_User_Meta_Fields();
    }

    /**
     * Register the routes for the objects of the controller.
     */
    public function register_routes() {

        register_rest_route( $this->namespace, '/' . $this->rest_base, array(
            array(
                'methods'         => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
                'callback'        => array( $this, 'get_items' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'get_items_permissions_check' ),
                'args'            => $this->get_collection_params(),
            ),
            array(
                'methods'         => WP_REST_Server::CREATABLE,
                'callback'        => array( $this, 'create_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'create_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args'            => $this->get_endpoint_args_for_item_schema( WP_REST_Server::CREATABLE ),
            ),
            'schema' => array( $this, 'get_public_item_schema' ),
        ) );
        register_rest_route( $this->namespace, '/' . $this->rest_base . '/(?P<id>[\d]+)', array(
            array(
                'methods'         => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
                'callback'        => array( $this, 'get_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'get_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args'            => array(
                    'context'          => $this->get_context_param( array( 'default' => 'view' ) ),
                ),
            ),
            array(
                'methods'         => WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE,
                'callback'        => array( $this, 'update_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'update_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args'            => $this->get_endpoint_args_for_item_schema( WP_REST_Server::EDITABLE ),
            ),
            array(
                'methods' => WP_REST_Server::DELETABLE,
                'callback' => array( $this, 'delete_item' ),
                'permission_callback' => array( $this, 'delete_item_permissions_check' ),
                'args' => array(
                    'force'    => array(
                        'default'     => false,
                        'description' => __( 'Required to be true, as resource does not support trashing.' ),
                    ),
                    'reassign' => array(),
                ),
            ),
            'schema' => array( $this, 'get_public_item_schema' ),
        ) );

        register_rest_route( $this->namespace, '/' . $this->rest_base . '/me', array(
            'methods'         => WP_REST_Server::READABLE,
            'callback'        => array( $this, 'get_current_item' ),
            'args'            => array(
                'context'          => array(),
            ),
            'schema' => array( $this, 'get_public_item_schema' ),
        ));
    }

    /**
     * Permissions check for getting all users.
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    public function get_items_permissions_check( $request ) {
        // Check if roles is specified in GET request and if user can list users.
        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) && ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_cannot_view', __( 'Sorry, you cannot filter by role.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        if ( 'edit' === $request['context'] && ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_forbidden_context', __( 'Sorry, you cannot view this resource with edit context.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        if ( in_array( $request['orderby'], array( 'email', 'registered_date' ), true ) && ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_forbidden_orderby', __( 'Sorry, you cannot order by this parameter.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get all users
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function get_items( $request ) {

        // Retrieve the list of registered collection query parameters.
        $registered = $this->get_collection_params();

        // This array defines mappings between public API query parameters whose
        // values are accepted as-passed, and their internal WP_Query parameter
        // name equivalents (some are the same). Only values which are also
        // present in $registered will be set.
        $parameter_mappings = array(
            'exclude'  => 'exclude',
            'include'  => 'include',
            'order'    => 'order',
            'per_page' => 'number',
            'search'   => 'search',
            'roles'    => 'role__in',
        );

        $prepared_args = array();

        // For each known parameter which is both registered and present in the request,
        // set the parameter's value on the query $prepared_args.
        foreach ( $parameter_mappings as $api_param => $wp_param ) {
            if ( isset( $registered[ $api_param ], $request[ $api_param ] ) ) {
                $prepared_args[ $wp_param ] = $request[ $api_param ];
            }
        }

        if ( isset( $registered['offset'] ) && ! empty( $request['offset'] ) ) {
            $prepared_args['offset'] = $request['offset'];
        } else {
            $prepared_args['offset']  = ( $request['page'] - 1 ) * $prepared_args['number'];
        }

        if ( isset( $registered['orderby'] ) ) {
            $orderby_possibles = array(
                'id'              => 'ID',
                'include'         => 'include',
                'name'            => 'display_name',
                'registered_date' => 'registered',
                'slug'            => 'user_nicename',
                'email'           => 'user_email',
                'url'             => 'user_url',
            );
            $prepared_args['orderby'] = $orderby_possibles[ $request['orderby'] ];
        }

        if ( ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            $prepared_args['has_published_posts'] = true;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $prepared_args['search'] ) ) {
            $prepared_args['search'] = '*' . $prepared_args['search'] . '*';
        }

        if ( isset( $registered['slug'] ) && ! empty( $request['slug'] ) ) {
            $prepared_args['search'] = $request['slug'];
            $prepared_args['search_columns'] = array( 'user_nicename' );
        }

        /**
         * Filter arguments, before passing to WP_User_Query, when querying users via the REST API.
         *
         * @see https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp_user_query/
         *
         * @param array           $prepared_args Array of arguments for WP_User_Query.
         * @param WP_REST_Request $request       The current request.
         */
        $prepared_args = apply_filters( 'rest_user_query', $prepared_args, $request );

        $query = new WP_User_Query( $prepared_args );

        $users = array();
        foreach ( $query->results as $user ) {
            $data = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );
            $users[] = $this->prepare_response_for_collection( $data );
        }

        $response = rest_ensure_response( $users );

        // Store pagination values for headers then unset for count query.
        $per_page = (int) $prepared_args['number'];
        $page = ceil( ( ( (int) $prepared_args['offset'] ) / $per_page ) + 1 );

        $prepared_args['fields'] = 'ID';

        $total_users = $query->get_total();
        if ( $total_users < 1 ) {
            // Out-of-bounds, run the query again without LIMIT for total count
            unset( $prepared_args['number'], $prepared_args['offset'] );
            $count_query = new WP_User_Query( $prepared_args );
            $total_users = $count_query->get_total();
        }
        $response->header( 'X-WP-Total', (int) $total_users );
        $max_pages = ceil( $total_users / $per_page );
        $response->header( 'X-WP-TotalPages', (int) $max_pages );

        $base = add_query_arg( $request->get_query_params(), rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base ) ) );
        if ( $page > 1 ) {
            $prev_page = $page - 1;
            if ( $prev_page > $max_pages ) {
                $prev_page = $max_pages;
            }
            $prev_link = add_query_arg( 'page', $prev_page, $base );
            $response->link_header( 'prev', $prev_link );
        }
        if ( $max_pages > $page ) {
            $next_page = $page + 1;
            $next_link = add_query_arg( 'page', $next_page, $base );
            $response->link_header( 'next', $next_link );
        }

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Check if a given request has access to read a user
     *
     * @param  WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    public function get_item_permissions_check( $request ) {

        $id = (int) $request['id'];
        $user = get_userdata( $id );
        $types = get_post_types( array( 'show_in_rest' => true ), 'names' );

        if ( empty( $id ) || empty( $user->ID ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_id', __( 'Invalid resource id.' ), array( 'status' => 404 ) );
        }

        if ( get_current_user_id() === $id ) {
            return true;
        }

        if ( 'edit' === $request['context'] && ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_cannot_view', __( 'Sorry, you cannot view this resource with edit context.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        } elseif ( ! count_user_posts( $id, $types ) && ! current_user_can( 'edit_user', $id ) && ! current_user_can( 'list_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_cannot_view', __( 'Sorry, you cannot view this resource.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Get a single user
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function get_item( $request ) {
        $id = (int) $request['id'];
        $user = get_userdata( $id );

        if ( empty( $id ) || empty( $user->ID ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_id', __( 'Invalid resource id.' ), array( 'status' => 404 ) );
        }

        $user = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $user );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Get the current user
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function get_current_item( $request ) {
        $current_user_id = get_current_user_id();
        if ( empty( $current_user_id ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_not_logged_in', __( 'You are not currently logged in.' ), array( 'status' => 401 ) );
        }

        $user = wp_get_current_user();
        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );
        $response->header( 'Location', rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s/%d', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base, $current_user_id ) ) );
        $response->set_status( 302 );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Check if a given request has access create users
     *
     * @param  WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    public function create_item_permissions_check( $request ) {

        if ( ! current_user_can( 'create_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_cannot_create_user', __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to create resource.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Create a single user
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function create_item( $request ) {
        if ( ! empty( $request['id'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_exists', __( 'Cannot create existing resource.' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
        }

        $schema = $this->get_item_schema();

        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['roles'] ) ) {
            $check_permission = $this->check_role_update( $request['id'], $request['roles'] );
            if ( is_wp_error( $check_permission ) ) {
                return $check_permission;
            }
        }

        $user = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );

        if ( is_multisite() ) {
            $ret = wpmu_validate_user_signup( $user->user_login, $user->user_email );
            if ( is_wp_error( $ret['errors'] ) && ! empty( $ret['errors']->errors ) ) {
                return $ret['errors'];
            }
        }

        if ( is_multisite() ) {
            $user_id = wpmu_create_user( $user->user_login, $user->user_pass, $user->user_email );
            if ( ! $user_id ) {
                return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_create', __( 'Error creating new resource.' ), array( 'status' => 500 ) );
            }
            $user->ID = $user_id;
            $user_id = wp_update_user( $user );
            if ( is_wp_error( $user_id ) ) {
                return $user_id;
            }
        } else {
            $user_id = wp_insert_user( $user );
            if ( is_wp_error( $user_id ) ) {
                return $user_id;
            }
        }

        $user = get_user_by( 'id', $user_id );
        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['roles'] ) ) {
            array_map( array( $user, 'add_role' ), $request['roles'] );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['meta'] ) && isset( $request['meta'] ) ) {
            $meta_update = $this->meta->update_value( $request['meta'], $user_id );
            if ( is_wp_error( $meta_update ) ) {
                return $meta_update;
            }
        }

        $fields_update = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $user, $request );
        if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
            return $fields_update;
        }

        /**
         * Fires after a user is created or updated via the REST API.
         *
         * @param WP_User         $user      Data used to create the user.
         * @param WP_REST_Request $request   Request object.
         * @param boolean         $creating  True when creating user, false when updating user.
         */
        do_action( 'rest_insert_user', $user, $request, true );

        $request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );
        $response->set_status( 201 );
        $response->header( 'Location', rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s/%d', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base, $user_id ) ) );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Check if a given request has access update a user
     *
     * @param  WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    public function update_item_permissions_check( $request ) {

        $id = (int) $request['id'];

        if ( ! current_user_can( 'edit_user', $id ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_cannot_edit', __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to edit resource.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) && ! current_user_can( 'edit_users' ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_cannot_edit_roles', __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to edit roles of this resource.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Update a single user
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function update_item( $request ) {
        $id = (int) $request['id'];

        $user = get_userdata( $id );
        if ( ! $user ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_id', __( 'Invalid resource id.' ), array( 'status' => 404 ) );
        }

        if ( email_exists( $request['email'] ) && $request['email'] !== $user->user_email ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_email', __( 'Email address is invalid.' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $request['username'] ) && $request['username'] !== $user->user_login ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_argument', __( "Username isn't editable." ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $request['slug'] ) && $request['slug'] !== $user->user_nicename && get_user_by( 'slug', $request['slug'] ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_slug', __( 'Slug is invalid.' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) ) {
            $check_permission = $this->check_role_update( $id, $request['roles'] );
            if ( is_wp_error( $check_permission ) ) {
                return $check_permission;
            }
        }

        $user = $this->prepare_item_for_database( $request );

        // Ensure we're operating on the same user we already checked
        $user->ID = $id;

        $user_id = wp_update_user( $user );
        if ( is_wp_error( $user_id ) ) {
            return $user_id;
        }

        $user = get_user_by( 'id', $id );
        if ( ! empty( $request['roles'] ) ) {
            array_map( array( $user, 'add_role' ), $request['roles'] );
        }

        $schema = $this->get_item_schema();
        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['meta'] ) && isset( $request['meta'] ) ) {
            $meta_update = $this->meta->update_value( $request['meta'], $id );
            if ( is_wp_error( $meta_update ) ) {
                return $meta_update;
            }
        }

        $fields_update = $this->update_additional_fields_for_object( $user, $request );
        if ( is_wp_error( $fields_update ) ) {
            return $fields_update;
        }

        /* This action is documented in lib/endpoints/class-wp-rest-users-controller.php */
        do_action( 'rest_insert_user', $user, $request, false );

        $request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $response );
        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Check if a given request has access delete a user
     *
     * @param  WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    public function delete_item_permissions_check( $request ) {

        $id = (int) $request['id'];

        if ( ! current_user_can( 'delete_user', $id ) ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_cannot_delete', __( 'Sorry, you are not allowed to delete this resource.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Delete a single user
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Full details about the request.
     * @return WP_Error|WP_REST_Response
     */
    public function delete_item( $request ) {
        $id = (int) $request['id'];
        $reassign = isset( $request['reassign'] ) ? absint( $request['reassign'] ) : null;
        $force = isset( $request['force'] ) ? (bool) $request['force'] : false;

        // We don't support trashing for this type, error out
        if ( ! $force ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_trash_not_supported', __( 'Users do not support trashing.' ), array( 'status' => 501 ) );
        }

        $user = get_userdata( $id );
        if ( ! $user ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_id', __( 'Invalid resource id.' ), array( 'status' => 404 ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $reassign ) ) {
            if ( $reassign === $id || ! get_userdata( $reassign ) ) {
                return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_reassign', __( 'Invalid resource id for reassignment.' ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
            }
        }

        $request->set_param( 'context', 'edit' );
        $response = $this->prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request );

        /** Include admin user functions to get access to wp_delete_user() */
        require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/user.php';

        $result = wp_delete_user( $id, $reassign );

        if ( ! $result ) {
            return new WP_Error( 'rest_cannot_delete', __( 'The resource cannot be deleted.' ), array( 'status' => 500 ) );
        }

        /**
         * Fires after a user is deleted via the REST API.
         *
         * @param WP_User          $user     The user data.
         * @param WP_REST_Response $response The response returned from the API.
         * @param WP_REST_Request  $request  The request sent to the API.
         */
        do_action( 'rest_delete_user', $user, $response, $request );

        return $response;
    }

    /**
     * Prepare a single user output for response
     *
     * @param object $user User object.
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
     * @return WP_REST_Response $response Response data.
     */
    public function prepare_item_for_response( $user, $request ) {

        $data = array();
        $schema = $this->get_item_schema();
        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['id'] ) ) {
            $data['id'] = $user->ID;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['username'] ) ) {
            $data['username'] = $user->user_login;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['name'] ) ) {
            $data['name'] = $user->display_name;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['first_name'] ) ) {
            $data['first_name'] = $user->first_name;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['last_name'] ) ) {
            $data['last_name'] = $user->last_name;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['email'] ) ) {
            $data['email'] = $user->user_email;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['url'] ) ) {
            $data['url'] = $user->user_url;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['description'] ) ) {
            $data['description'] = $user->description;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['link'] ) ) {
            $data['link'] = get_author_posts_url( $user->ID, $user->user_nicename );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['nickname'] ) ) {
            $data['nickname'] = $user->nickname;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['slug'] ) ) {
            $data['slug'] = $user->user_nicename;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['roles'] ) ) {
            // Defensively call array_values() to ensure an array is returned.
            $data['roles'] = array_values( $user->roles );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['registered_date'] ) ) {
            $data['registered_date'] = date( 'c', strtotime( $user->user_registered ) );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['capabilities'] ) ) {
            $data['capabilities'] = (object) $user->allcaps;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['extra_capabilities'] ) ) {
            $data['extra_capabilities'] = (object) $user->caps;
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['avatar_urls'] ) ) {
            $data['avatar_urls'] = rest_get_avatar_urls( $user->user_email );
        }

        if ( ! empty( $schema['properties']['meta'] ) ) {
            $data['meta'] = $this->meta->get_value( $user->ID, $request );
        }

        $context = ! empty( $request['context'] ) ? $request['context'] : 'embed';

        $data = $this->add_additional_fields_to_object( $data, $request );
        $data = $this->filter_response_by_context( $data, $context );

        // Wrap the data in a response object
        $response = rest_ensure_response( $data );

        $response->add_links( $this->prepare_links( $user ) );

        /**
         * Filter user data returned from the REST API.
         *
         * @param WP_REST_Response $response  The response object.
         * @param object           $user      User object used to create response.
         * @param WP_REST_Request  $request   Request object.
         */
        return apply_filters( 'rest_prepare_user', $response, $user, $request );
    }

    /**
     * Prepare links for the request.
     *
     * @param WP_Post $user User object.
     * @return array Links for the given user.
     */
    protected function prepare_links( $user ) {
        $links = array(
            'self' => array(
                'href' => rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s/%d', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base, $user->ID ) ),
            ),
            'collection' => array(
                'href' => rest_url( sprintf( '%s/%s', $this->namespace, $this->rest_base ) ),
            ),
        );

        return $links;
    }

    /**
     * Prepare a single user for create or update
     *
     * @param WP_REST_Request $request Request object.
     * @return object $prepared_user User object.
     */
    protected function prepare_item_for_database( $request ) {
        $prepared_user = new stdClass;

        $schema = $this->get_item_schema();

        // required arguments.
        if ( isset( $request['email'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['email'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->user_email = $request['email'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['username'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['username'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->user_login = $request['username'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['password'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['password'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->user_pass = $request['password'];
        }

        // optional arguments.
        if ( isset( $request['id'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->ID = absint( $request['id'] );
        }
        if ( isset( $request['name'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['name'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->display_name = $request['name'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['first_name'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['first_name'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->first_name = $request['first_name'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['last_name'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['last_name'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->last_name = $request['last_name'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['nickname'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['nickname'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->nickname = $request['nickname'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['slug'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['slug'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->user_nicename = $request['slug'];
        }
        if ( isset( $request['description'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['description'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->description = $request['description'];
        }

        if ( isset( $request['url'] ) && ! empty( $schema['properties']['url'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->user_url = $request['url'];
        }

        // setting roles will be handled outside of this function.
        if ( isset( $request['roles'] ) ) {
            $prepared_user->role = false;
        }

        /**
         * Filter user data before inserting user via the REST API.
         *
         * @param object          $prepared_user User object.
         * @param WP_REST_Request $request       Request object.
         */
        return apply_filters( 'rest_pre_insert_user', $prepared_user, $request );
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the current user is allowed to make the desired roles change.
     *
     * @param integer $user_id User ID.
     * @param array   $roles   New user roles.
     * @return WP_Error|boolean
     */
    protected function check_role_update( $user_id, $roles ) {
        global $wp_roles;

        foreach ( $roles as $role ) {

            if ( ! isset( $wp_roles->role_objects[ $role ] ) ) {
                return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_role', sprintf( __( 'The role %s does not exist.' ), $role ), array( 'status' => 400 ) );
            }

            $potential_role = $wp_roles->role_objects[ $role ];
            // Don't let anyone with 'edit_users' (admins) edit their own role to something without it.
            // Multisite super admins can freely edit their blog roles -- they possess all caps.
            if ( ! ( is_multisite() && current_user_can( 'manage_sites' ) ) && get_current_user_id() === $user_id && ! $potential_role->has_cap( 'edit_users' ) ) {
                return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_role', __( 'You cannot give resource that role.' ), array( 'status' => rest_authorization_required_code() ) );
            }

            // The new role must be editable by the logged-in user.

            /** Include admin functions to get access to get_editable_roles() */
            require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/admin.php';

            $editable_roles = get_editable_roles();
            if ( empty( $editable_roles[ $role ] ) ) {
                return new WP_Error( 'rest_user_invalid_role', __( 'You cannot give resource that role.' ), array( 'status' => 403 ) );
            }
        }

        return true;

    }

    /**
     * Get the User's schema, conforming to JSON Schema
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function get_item_schema() {
        $schema = array(
            '$schema'    => 'http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#',
            'title'      => 'user',
            'type'       => 'object',
            'properties' => array(
                'id'          => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Unique identifier for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'integer',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
                'username'    => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Login name for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'required'    => true,
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_user',
                    ),
                ),
                'name'        => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Display name for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field',
                    ),
                ),
                'first_name'  => array(
                    'description' => __( 'First name for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field',
                    ),
                ),
                'last_name'   => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Last name for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field',
                    ),
                ),
                'email'       => array(
                    'description' => __( 'The email address for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'format'      => 'email',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'required'    => true,
                ),
                'url'         => array(
                    'description' => __( 'URL of the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'format'      => 'uri',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                ),
                'description' => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Description of the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'wp_filter_post_kses',
                    ),
                ),
                'link'        => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Author URL to the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'format'      => 'uri',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
                'nickname'    => array(
                    'description' => __( 'The nickname for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_text_field',
                    ),
                ),
                'slug'        => array(
                    'description' => __( 'An alphanumeric identifier for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                    'arg_options' => array(
                        'sanitize_callback' => array( $this, 'sanitize_slug' ),
                    ),
                ),
                'registered_date' => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Registration date for the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'format'      => 'date-time',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
                'roles'           => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Roles assigned to the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'array',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                ),
                'password'        => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Password for the resource (never included).' ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'context'     => array(), // Password is never displayed
                    'required'    => true,
                ),
                'capabilities'    => array(
                    'description' => __( 'All capabilities assigned to the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'object',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
                'extra_capabilities' => array(
                    'description' => __( 'Any extra capabilities assigned to the resource.' ),
                    'type'        => 'object',
                    'context'     => array( 'edit' ),
                    'readonly'    => true,
                ),
            ),
        );

        if ( get_option( 'show_avatars' ) ) {
            $avatar_properties = array();

            $avatar_sizes = rest_get_avatar_sizes();
            foreach ( $avatar_sizes as $size ) {
                $avatar_properties[ $size ] = array(
                    'description' => sprintf( __( 'Avatar URL with image size of %d pixels.' ), $size ),
                    'type'        => 'string',
                    'format'      => 'uri',
                    'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                );
            }

            $schema['properties']['avatar_urls']  = array(
                'description' => __( 'Avatar URLs for the resource.' ),
                'type'        => 'object',
                'context'     => array( 'embed', 'view', 'edit' ),
                'readonly'    => true,
                'properties'  => $avatar_properties,
            );
        }

        $schema['properties']['meta'] = $this->meta->get_field_schema();

        return $this->add_additional_fields_schema( $schema );
    }

    /**
     * Get the query params for collections
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function get_collection_params() {
        $query_params = parent::get_collection_params();

        $query_params['context']['default'] = 'view';

        $query_params['exclude'] = array(
            'description'        => __( 'Ensure result set excludes specific ids.' ),
            'type'               => 'array',
            'default'            => array(),
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'wp_parse_id_list',
        );
        $query_params['include'] = array(
            'description'        => __( 'Limit result set to specific ids.' ),
            'type'               => 'array',
            'default'            => array(),
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'wp_parse_id_list',
        );
        $query_params['offset'] = array(
            'description'        => __( 'Offset the result set by a specific number of items.' ),
            'type'               => 'integer',
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'absint',
            'validate_callback'  => 'rest_validate_request_arg',
        );
        $query_params['order'] = array(
            'default'            => 'asc',
            'description'        => __( 'Order sort attribute ascending or descending.' ),
            'enum'               => array( 'asc', 'desc' ),
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'sanitize_key',
            'type'               => 'string',
            'validate_callback'  => 'rest_validate_request_arg',
        );
        $query_params['orderby'] = array(
            'default'            => 'name',
            'description'        => __( 'Sort collection by object attribute.' ),
            'enum'               => array(
                'id',
                'include',
                'name',
                'registered_date',
                'slug',
                'email',
                'url',
            ),
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'sanitize_key',
            'type'               => 'string',
            'validate_callback'  => 'rest_validate_request_arg',
        );
        $query_params['slug']    = array(
            'description'        => __( 'Limit result set to resources with a specific slug.' ),
            'type'               => 'string',
            'validate_callback'  => 'rest_validate_request_arg',
        );
        $query_params['roles']   = array(
            'description'        => __( 'Limit result set to resources matching at least one specific role provided. Accepts csv list or single role.' ),
            'type'               => 'array',
            'sanitize_callback'  => 'wp_parse_slug_list',
        );
        return $query_params;
    }
}