ckeditor/ckeditor5-engine

View on GitHub
src/model/range.js

Summary

Maintainability
F
5 days
Test Coverage
/**
 * @license Copyright (c) 2003-2020, CKSource - Frederico Knabben. All rights reserved.
 * For licensing, see LICENSE.md or https://ckeditor.com/legal/ckeditor-oss-license
 */

/**
 * @module engine/model/range
 */

import Position from './position';
import TreeWalker from './treewalker';
import CKEditorError from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/ckeditorerror';
import compareArrays from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils/src/comparearrays';

/**
 * Represents a range in the model tree.
 *
 * A range is defined by its {@link module:engine/model/range~Range#start} and {@link module:engine/model/range~Range#end}
 * positions.
 *
 * You can create range instances via its constructor or the `createRange*()` factory methods of
 * {@link module:engine/model/model~Model} and {@link module:engine/model/writer~Writer}.
 */
export default class Range {
    /**
     * Creates a range spanning from `start` position to `end` position.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} start Start position.
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} [end] End position. If not set, range will be collapsed at `start` position.
     */
    constructor( start, end = null ) {
        /**
         * Start position.
         *
         * @readonly
         * @member {module:engine/model/position~Position}
         */
        this.start = Position._createAt( start );

        /**
         * End position.
         *
         * @readonly
         * @member {module:engine/model/position~Position}
         */
        this.end = end ? Position._createAt( end ) : Position._createAt( start );

        // If the range is collapsed, treat in a similar way as a position and set its boundaries stickiness to 'toNone'.
        // In other case, make the boundaries stick to the "inside" of the range.
        this.start.stickiness = this.isCollapsed ? 'toNone' : 'toNext';
        this.end.stickiness = this.isCollapsed ? 'toNone' : 'toPrevious';
    }

    /**
     * Iterable interface.
     *
     * Iterates over all {@link module:engine/model/item~Item items} that are in this range and returns
     * them together with additional information like length or {@link module:engine/model/position~Position positions},
     * grouped as {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalkerValue}.
     * It iterates over all {@link module:engine/model/textproxy~TextProxy text contents} that are inside the range
     * and all the {@link module:engine/model/element~Element}s that are entered into when iterating over this range.
     *
     * This iterator uses {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker} with `boundaries` set to this range
     * and `ignoreElementEnd` option set to `true`.
     *
     * @returns {Iterable.<module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalkerValue>}
     */
    * [ Symbol.iterator ]() {
        yield* new TreeWalker( { boundaries: this, ignoreElementEnd: true } );
    }

    /**
     * Returns whether the range is collapsed, that is if {@link #start} and
     * {@link #end} positions are equal.
     *
     * @type {Boolean}
     */
    get isCollapsed() {
        return this.start.isEqual( this.end );
    }

    /**
     * Returns whether this range is flat, that is if {@link #start} position and
     * {@link #end} position are in the same {@link module:engine/model/position~Position#parent}.
     *
     * @type {Boolean}
     */
    get isFlat() {
        const startParentPath = this.start.getParentPath();
        const endParentPath = this.end.getParentPath();

        return compareArrays( startParentPath, endParentPath ) == 'same';
    }

    /**
     * Range root element.
     *
     * @type {module:engine/model/element~Element|module:engine/model/documentfragment~DocumentFragment}
     */
    get root() {
        return this.start.root;
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether this range contains given {@link module:engine/model/position~Position position}.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} position Position to check.
     * @returns {Boolean} `true` if given {@link module:engine/model/position~Position position} is contained
     * in this range,`false` otherwise.
     */
    containsPosition( position ) {
        return position.isAfter( this.start ) && position.isBefore( this.end );
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether this range contains given {@link ~Range range}.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/range~Range} otherRange Range to check.
     * @param {Boolean} [loose=false] Whether the check is loose or strict. If the check is strict (`false`), compared range cannot
     * start or end at the same position as this range boundaries. If the check is loose (`true`), compared range can start, end or
     * even be equal to this range. Note that collapsed ranges are always compared in strict mode.
     * @returns {Boolean} `true` if given {@link ~Range range} boundaries are contained by this range, `false` otherwise.
     */
    containsRange( otherRange, loose = false ) {
        if ( otherRange.isCollapsed ) {
            loose = false;
        }

        const containsStart = this.containsPosition( otherRange.start ) || ( loose && this.start.isEqual( otherRange.start ) );
        const containsEnd = this.containsPosition( otherRange.end ) || ( loose && this.end.isEqual( otherRange.end ) );

        return containsStart && containsEnd;
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether given {@link module:engine/model/item~Item} is inside this range.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/item~Item} item Model item to check.
     */
    containsItem( item ) {
        const pos = Position._createBefore( item );

        return this.containsPosition( pos ) || this.start.isEqual( pos );
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether this object is of the given.
     *
     *        range.is( 'range' ); // -> true
     *        range.is( 'model:range' ); // -> true
     *
     *        range.is( 'view:range' ); // -> false
     *        range.is( 'documentSelection' ); // -> false
     *
     * {@link module:engine/model/node~Node#is Check the entire list of model objects} which implement the `is()` method.
     *
     * @param {String} type
     * @returns {Boolean}
     */
    is( type ) {
        return type === 'range' || type === 'model:range';
    }

    /**
     * Two ranges are equal if their {@link #start} and {@link #end} positions are equal.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/range~Range} otherRange Range to compare with.
     * @returns {Boolean} `true` if ranges are equal, `false` otherwise.
     */
    isEqual( otherRange ) {
        return this.start.isEqual( otherRange.start ) && this.end.isEqual( otherRange.end );
    }

    /**
     * Checks and returns whether this range intersects with given range.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/range~Range} otherRange Range to compare with.
     * @returns {Boolean} `true` if ranges intersect, `false` otherwise.
     */
    isIntersecting( otherRange ) {
        return this.start.isBefore( otherRange.end ) && this.end.isAfter( otherRange.start );
    }

    /**
     * Computes which part(s) of this {@link ~Range range} is not a part of given {@link ~Range range}.
     * Returned array contains zero, one or two {@link ~Range ranges}.
     *
     * Examples:
     *
     *        let range = model.createRange(
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 2, 7 ] ),
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 4, 0, 1 ] )
     *        );
     *        let otherRange = model.createRange( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 1 ] ), model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 5 ] ) );
     *        let transformed = range.getDifference( otherRange );
     *        // transformed array has no ranges because `otherRange` contains `range`
     *
     *        otherRange = model.createRange( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 1 ] ), model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 3 ] ) );
     *        transformed = range.getDifference( otherRange );
     *        // transformed array has one range: from [ 3 ] to [ 4, 0, 1 ]
     *
     *        otherRange = model.createRange( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 3 ] ), model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 4 ] ) );
     *        transformed = range.getDifference( otherRange );
     *        // transformed array has two ranges: from [ 2, 7 ] to [ 3 ] and from [ 4 ] to [ 4, 0, 1 ]
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/range~Range} otherRange Range to differentiate against.
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} The difference between ranges.
     */
    getDifference( otherRange ) {
        const ranges = [];

        if ( this.isIntersecting( otherRange ) ) {
            // Ranges intersect.

            if ( this.containsPosition( otherRange.start ) ) {
                // Given range start is inside this range. This means that we have to
                // add shrunken range - from the start to the middle of this range.
                ranges.push( new Range( this.start, otherRange.start ) );
            }

            if ( this.containsPosition( otherRange.end ) ) {
                // Given range end is inside this range. This means that we have to
                // add shrunken range - from the middle of this range to the end.
                ranges.push( new Range( otherRange.end, this.end ) );
            }
        } else {
            // Ranges do not intersect, return the original range.
            ranges.push( new Range( this.start, this.end ) );
        }

        return ranges;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an intersection of this {@link ~Range range} and given {@link ~Range range}.
     * Intersection is a common part of both of those ranges. If ranges has no common part, returns `null`.
     *
     * Examples:
     *
     *        let range = model.createRange(
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 2, 7 ] ),
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 4, 0, 1 ] )
     *        );
     *        let otherRange = model.createRange( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 1 ] ), model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 2 ] ) );
     *        let transformed = range.getIntersection( otherRange ); // null - ranges have no common part
     *
     *        otherRange = model.createRange( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 3 ] ), model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 5 ] ) );
     *        transformed = range.getIntersection( otherRange ); // range from [ 3 ] to [ 4, 0, 1 ]
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/range~Range} otherRange Range to check for intersection.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range|null} A common part of given ranges or `null` if ranges have no common part.
     */
    getIntersection( otherRange ) {
        if ( this.isIntersecting( otherRange ) ) {
            // Ranges intersect, so a common range will be returned.
            // At most, it will be same as this range.
            let commonRangeStart = this.start;
            let commonRangeEnd = this.end;

            if ( this.containsPosition( otherRange.start ) ) {
                // Given range start is inside this range. This means thaNt we have to
                // shrink common range to the given range start.
                commonRangeStart = otherRange.start;
            }

            if ( this.containsPosition( otherRange.end ) ) {
                // Given range end is inside this range. This means that we have to
                // shrink common range to the given range end.
                commonRangeEnd = otherRange.end;
            }

            return new Range( commonRangeStart, commonRangeEnd );
        }

        // Ranges do not intersect, so they do not have common part.
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Computes and returns the smallest set of {@link #isFlat flat} ranges, that covers this range in whole.
     *
     * See an example of a model structure (`[` and `]` are range boundaries):
     *
     *        root                                                            root
     *         |- element DIV                         DIV             P2              P3             DIV
     *         |   |- element H                   H        P1        f o o           b a r       H         P4
     *         |   |   |- "fir[st"             fir[st     lorem                               se]cond     ipsum
     *         |   |- element P1
     *         |   |   |- "lorem"                                              ||
     *         |- element P2                                                   ||
     *         |   |- "foo"                                                    VV
     *         |- element P3
     *         |   |- "bar"                                                   root
     *         |- element DIV                         DIV             [P2             P3]             DIV
     *         |   |- element H                   H       [P1]       f o o           b a r        H         P4
     *         |   |   |- "se]cond"            fir[st]    lorem                               [se]cond     ipsum
     *         |   |- element P4
     *         |   |   |- "ipsum"
     *
     * As it can be seen, letters contained in the range are: `stloremfoobarse`, spread across different parents.
     * We are looking for minimal set of flat ranges that contains the same nodes.
     *
     * Minimal flat ranges for above range `( [ 0, 0, 3 ], [ 3, 0, 2 ] )` will be:
     *
     *        ( [ 0, 0, 3 ], [ 0, 0, 5 ] ) = "st"
     *        ( [ 0, 1 ], [ 0, 2 ] ) = element P1 ("lorem")
     *        ( [ 1 ], [ 3 ] ) = element P2, element P3 ("foobar")
     *        ( [ 3, 0, 0 ], [ 3, 0, 2 ] ) = "se"
     *
     * **Note:** if an {@link module:engine/model/element~Element element} is not wholly contained in this range, it won't be returned
     * in any of the returned flat ranges. See in the example how `H` elements at the beginning and at the end of the range
     * were omitted. Only their parts that were wholly in the range were returned.
     *
     * **Note:** this method is not returning flat ranges that contain no nodes.
     *
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} Array of flat ranges covering this range.
     */
    getMinimalFlatRanges() {
        const ranges = [];
        const diffAt = this.start.getCommonPath( this.end ).length;

        const pos = Position._createAt( this.start );
        let posParent = pos.parent;

        // Go up.
        while ( pos.path.length > diffAt + 1 ) {
            const howMany = posParent.maxOffset - pos.offset;

            if ( howMany !== 0 ) {
                ranges.push( new Range( pos, pos.getShiftedBy( howMany ) ) );
            }

            pos.path = pos.path.slice( 0, -1 );
            pos.offset++;
            posParent = posParent.parent;
        }

        // Go down.
        while ( pos.path.length <= this.end.path.length ) {
            const offset = this.end.path[ pos.path.length - 1 ];
            const howMany = offset - pos.offset;

            if ( howMany !== 0 ) {
                ranges.push( new Range( pos, pos.getShiftedBy( howMany ) ) );
            }

            pos.offset = offset;
            pos.path.push( 0 );
        }

        return ranges;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker TreeWalker} instance with this range as a boundary.
     *
     * For example, to iterate over all items in the entire document root:
     *
     *        // Create a range spanning over the entire root content:
     *        const range = editor.model.createRangeIn( editor.model.document.getRoot() );
     *
     *        // Iterate over all items in this range:
     *        for ( const value of range.getWalker() ) {
     *            console.log( value.item );
     *        }
     *
     * @param {Object} options Object with configuration options. See {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker}.
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} [options.startPosition]
     * @param {Boolean} [options.singleCharacters=false]
     * @param {Boolean} [options.shallow=false]
     * @param {Boolean} [options.ignoreElementEnd=false]
     */
    getWalker( options = {} ) {
        options.boundaries = this;

        return new TreeWalker( options );
    }

    /**
     * Returns an iterator that iterates over all {@link module:engine/model/item~Item items} that are in this range and returns
     * them.
     *
     * This method uses {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker} with `boundaries` set to this range and `ignoreElementEnd` option
     * set to `true`. However it returns only {@link module:engine/model/item~Item model items},
     * not {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalkerValue}.
     *
     * You may specify additional options for the tree walker. See {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker} for
     * a full list of available options.
     *
     * @param {Object} options Object with configuration options. See {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker}.
     * @returns {Iterable.<module:engine/model/item~Item>}
     */
    * getItems( options = {} ) {
        options.boundaries = this;
        options.ignoreElementEnd = true;

        const treeWalker = new TreeWalker( options );

        for ( const value of treeWalker ) {
            yield value.item;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns an iterator that iterates over all {@link module:engine/model/position~Position positions} that are boundaries or
     * contained in this range.
     *
     * This method uses {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker} with `boundaries` set to this range. However it returns only
     * {@link module:engine/model/position~Position positions}, not {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalkerValue}.
     *
     * You may specify additional options for the tree walker. See {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker} for
     * a full list of available options.
     *
     * @param {Object} options Object with configuration options. See {@link module:engine/model/treewalker~TreeWalker}.
     * @returns {Iterable.<module:engine/model/position~Position>}
     */
    * getPositions( options = {} ) {
        options.boundaries = this;

        const treeWalker = new TreeWalker( options );

        yield treeWalker.position;

        for ( const value of treeWalker ) {
            yield value.nextPosition;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a range that is a result of transforming this range by given `operation`.
     *
     * **Note:** transformation may break one range into multiple ranges (for example, when a part of the range is
     * moved to a different part of document tree). For this reason, an array is returned by this method and it
     * may contain one or more `Range` instances.
     *
     * @param {module:engine/model/operation/operation~Operation} operation Operation to transform range by.
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} Range which is the result of transformation.
     */
    getTransformedByOperation( operation ) {
        switch ( operation.type ) {
            case 'insert':
                return this._getTransformedByInsertOperation( operation );
            case 'move':
            case 'remove':
            case 'reinsert':
                return this._getTransformedByMoveOperation( operation );
            case 'split':
                return [ this._getTransformedBySplitOperation( operation ) ];
            case 'merge':
                return [ this._getTransformedByMergeOperation( operation ) ];
        }

        return [ new Range( this.start, this.end ) ];
    }

    /**
     * Returns a range that is a result of transforming this range by multiple `operations`.
     *
     * @see ~Range#getTransformedByOperation
     * @param {Iterable.<module:engine/model/operation/operation~Operation>} operations Operations to transform the range by.
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} Range which is the result of transformation.
     */
    getTransformedByOperations( operations ) {
        const ranges = [ new Range( this.start, this.end ) ];

        for ( const operation of operations ) {
            for ( let i = 0; i < ranges.length; i++ ) {
                const result = ranges[ i ].getTransformedByOperation( operation );

                ranges.splice( i, 1, ...result );
                i += result.length - 1;
            }
        }

        // It may happen that a range is split into two, and then the part of second "piece" is moved into first
        // "piece". In this case we will have incorrect third range, which should not be included in the result --
        // because it is already included in the first "piece". In this loop we are looking for all such ranges that
        // are inside other ranges and we simply remove them.
        for ( let i = 0; i < ranges.length; i++ ) {
            const range = ranges[ i ];

            for ( let j = i + 1; j < ranges.length; j++ ) {
                const next = ranges[ j ];

                if ( range.containsRange( next ) || next.containsRange( range ) || range.isEqual( next ) ) {
                    ranges.splice( j, 1 );
                }
            }
        }

        return ranges;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an {@link module:engine/model/element~Element} or {@link module:engine/model/documentfragment~DocumentFragment}
     * which is a common ancestor of the range's both ends (in which the entire range is contained).
     *
     * @returns {module:engine/model/element~Element|module:engine/model/documentfragment~DocumentFragment|null}
     */
    getCommonAncestor() {
        return this.start.getCommonAncestor( this.end );
    }

    /**
     * Returns an {@link module:engine/model/element~Element Element} contained by the range.
     * The element will be returned when it is the **only** node within the range and **fully–contained**
     * at the same time.
     *
     * @returns {module:engine/model/element~Element|null}
     */
    getContainedElement() {
        if ( this.isCollapsed ) {
            return null;
        }

        const nodeAfterStart = this.start.nodeAfter;
        const nodeBeforeEnd = this.end.nodeBefore;

        if ( nodeAfterStart && nodeAfterStart.is( 'element' ) && nodeAfterStart === nodeBeforeEnd ) {
            return nodeAfterStart;
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Converts `Range` to plain object and returns it.
     *
     * @returns {Object} `Node` converted to plain object.
     */
    toJSON() {
        return {
            start: this.start.toJSON(),
            end: this.end.toJSON()
        };
    }

    /**
     * Returns a new range that is equal to current range.
     *
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    clone() {
        return new this.constructor( this.start, this.end );
    }

    /**
     * Returns a result of transforming a copy of this range by insert operation.
     *
     * One or more ranges may be returned as a result of this transformation.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/operation/insertoperation~InsertOperation} operation
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>}
     */
    _getTransformedByInsertOperation( operation, spread = false ) {
        return this._getTransformedByInsertion( operation.position, operation.howMany, spread );
    }

    /**
     * Returns a result of transforming a copy of this range by move operation.
     *
     * One or more ranges may be returned as a result of this transformation.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/operation/moveoperation~MoveOperation} operation
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>}
     */
    _getTransformedByMoveOperation( operation, spread = false ) {
        const sourcePosition = operation.sourcePosition;
        const howMany = operation.howMany;
        const targetPosition = operation.targetPosition;

        return this._getTransformedByMove( sourcePosition, targetPosition, howMany, spread );
    }

    /**
     * Returns a result of transforming a copy of this range by split operation.
     *
     * Always one range is returned. The transformation is done in a way to not break the range.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/operation/splitoperation~SplitOperation} operation
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    _getTransformedBySplitOperation( operation ) {
        const start = this.start._getTransformedBySplitOperation( operation );
        let end = this.end._getTransformedBySplitOperation( operation );

        if ( this.end.isEqual( operation.insertionPosition ) ) {
            end = this.end.getShiftedBy( 1 );
        }

        // Below may happen when range contains graveyard element used by split operation.
        if ( start.root != end.root ) {
            // End position was next to the moved graveyard element and was moved with it.
            // Fix it by using old `end` which has proper `root`.
            end = this.end.getShiftedBy( -1 );
        }

        return new Range( start, end );
    }

    /**
     * Returns a result of transforming a copy of this range by merge operation.
     *
     * Always one range is returned. The transformation is done in a way to not break the range.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/operation/mergeoperation~MergeOperation} operation
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    _getTransformedByMergeOperation( operation ) {
        // Special case when the marker is set on "the closing tag" of an element. Marker can be set like that during
        // transformations, especially when a content of a few block elements were removed. For example:
        //
        // {} is the transformed range, [] is the removed range.
        // <p>F[o{o</p><p>B}ar</p><p>Xy]z</p>
        //
        // <p>Fo{o</p><p>B}ar</p><p>z</p>
        // <p>F{</p><p>B}ar</p><p>z</p>
        // <p>F{</p>}<p>z</p>
        // <p>F{}z</p>
        //
        if ( this.start.isEqual( operation.targetPosition ) && this.end.isEqual( operation.deletionPosition ) ) {
            return new Range( this.start );
        }

        let start = this.start._getTransformedByMergeOperation( operation );
        let end = this.end._getTransformedByMergeOperation( operation );

        if ( start.root != end.root ) {
            // This happens when the end position was next to the merged (deleted) element.
            // Then, the end position was moved to the graveyard root. In this case we need to fix
            // the range cause its boundaries would be in different roots.
            end = this.end.getShiftedBy( -1 );
        }

        if ( start.isAfter( end ) ) {
            // This happens in three following cases:
            //
            // Case 1: Merge operation source position is before the target position (due to some transformations, OT, etc.)
            //         This means that start can be moved before the end of the range.
            //
            // Before: <p>a{a</p><p>b}b</p><p>cc</p>
            // Merge:  <p>b}b</p><p>cca{a</p>
            // Fix:    <p>{b}b</p><p>ccaa</p>
            //
            // Case 2: Range start is before merged node but not directly.
            //         Result should include all nodes that were in the original range.
            //
            // Before: <p>aa</p>{<p>cc</p><p>b}b</p>
            // Merge:  <p>aab}b</p>{<p>cc</p>
            // Fix:    <p>aa{bb</p><p>cc</p>}
            //
            //         The range is expanded by an additional `b` letter but it is better than dropping the whole `cc` paragraph.
            //
            // Case 3: Range start is directly before merged node.
            //         Resulting range should include only nodes from the merged element:
            //
            // Before: <p>aa</p>{<p>b}b</p><p>cc</p>
            // Merge:  <p>aab}b</p>{<p>cc</p>
            // Fix:    <p>aa{b}b</p><p>cc</p>
            //

            if ( operation.sourcePosition.isBefore( operation.targetPosition ) ) {
                // Case 1.
                start = Position._createAt( end );
                start.offset = 0;
            } else {
                if ( !operation.deletionPosition.isEqual( start ) ) {
                    // Case 2.
                    end = operation.deletionPosition;
                }

                // In both case 2 and 3 start is at the end of the merge-to element.
                start = operation.targetPosition;
            }

            return new Range( start, end );
        }

        return new Range( start, end );
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array containing one or two {@link ~Range ranges} that are a result of transforming this
     * {@link ~Range range} by inserting `howMany` nodes at `insertPosition`. Two {@link ~Range ranges} are
     * returned if the insertion was inside this {@link ~Range range} and `spread` is set to `true`.
     *
     * Examples:
     *
     *        let range = model.createRange(
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 2, 7 ] ),
     *            model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 4, 0, 1 ] )
     *        );
     *        let transformed = range._getTransformedByInsertion( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 1 ] ), 2 );
     *        // transformed array has one range from [ 4, 7 ] to [ 6, 0, 1 ]
     *
     *        transformed = range._getTransformedByInsertion( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 4, 0, 0 ] ), 4 );
     *        // transformed array has one range from [ 2, 7 ] to [ 4, 0, 5 ]
     *
     *        transformed = range._getTransformedByInsertion( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 3, 2 ] ), 4 );
     *        // transformed array has one range, which is equal to original range
     *
     *        transformed = range._getTransformedByInsertion( model.createPositionFromPath( root, [ 3, 2 ] ), 4, true );
     *        // transformed array has two ranges: from [ 2, 7 ] to [ 3, 2 ] and from [ 3, 6 ] to [ 4, 0, 1 ]
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} insertPosition Position where nodes are inserted.
     * @param {Number} howMany How many nodes are inserted.
     * @param {Boolean} [spread] Flag indicating whether this {~Range range} should be spread if insertion
     * was inside the range. Defaults to `false`.
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} Result of the transformation.
     */
    _getTransformedByInsertion( insertPosition, howMany, spread = false ) {
        if ( spread && this.containsPosition( insertPosition ) ) {
            // Range has to be spread. The first part is from original start to the spread point.
            // The other part is from spread point to the original end, but transformed by
            // insertion to reflect insertion changes.

            return [
                new Range( this.start, insertPosition ),
                new Range(
                    insertPosition.getShiftedBy( howMany ),
                    this.end._getTransformedByInsertion( insertPosition, howMany )
                )
            ];
        } else {
            const range = new Range( this.start, this.end );

            range.start = range.start._getTransformedByInsertion( insertPosition, howMany );
            range.end = range.end._getTransformedByInsertion( insertPosition, howMany );

            return [ range ];
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns an array containing {@link ~Range ranges} that are a result of transforming this
     * {@link ~Range range} by moving `howMany` nodes from `sourcePosition` to `targetPosition`.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} sourcePosition Position from which nodes are moved.
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} targetPosition Position to where nodes are moved.
     * @param {Number} howMany How many nodes are moved.
     * @param {Boolean} [spread=false] Whether the range should be spread if the move points inside the range.
     * @returns {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} Result of the transformation.
     */
    _getTransformedByMove( sourcePosition, targetPosition, howMany, spread = false ) {
        // Special case for transforming a collapsed range. Just transform it like a position.
        if ( this.isCollapsed ) {
            const newPos = this.start._getTransformedByMove( sourcePosition, targetPosition, howMany );

            return [ new Range( newPos ) ];
        }

        // Special case for transformation when a part of the range is moved towards the range.
        //
        // Examples:
        //
        // <div><p>ab</p><p>c[d</p></div><p>e]f</p> --> <div><p>ab</p></div><p>c[d</p><p>e]f</p>
        // <p>e[f</p><div><p>a]b</p><p>cd</p></div> --> <p>e[f</p><p>a]b</p><div><p>cd</p></div>
        //
        // Without this special condition, the default algorithm leaves an "artifact" range from one of `differenceSet` parts:
        //
        // <div><p>ab</p><p>c[d</p></div><p>e]f</p> --> <div><p>ab</p>{</div>}<p>c[d</p><p>e]f</p>
        //
        // This special case is applied only if the range is to be kept together (not spread).
        const moveRange = Range._createFromPositionAndShift( sourcePosition, howMany );
        const insertPosition = targetPosition._getTransformedByDeletion( sourcePosition, howMany );

        if ( this.containsPosition( targetPosition ) && !spread ) {
            if ( moveRange.containsPosition( this.start ) || moveRange.containsPosition( this.end ) ) {
                const start = this.start._getTransformedByMove( sourcePosition, targetPosition, howMany );
                const end = this.end._getTransformedByMove( sourcePosition, targetPosition, howMany );

                return [ new Range( start, end ) ];
            }
        }

        // Default algorithm.
        let result;

        const differenceSet = this.getDifference( moveRange );
        let difference = null;

        const common = this.getIntersection( moveRange );

        if ( differenceSet.length == 1 ) {
            // `moveRange` and this range may intersect but may be separate.
            difference = new Range(
                differenceSet[ 0 ].start._getTransformedByDeletion( sourcePosition, howMany ),
                differenceSet[ 0 ].end._getTransformedByDeletion( sourcePosition, howMany )
            );
        } else if ( differenceSet.length == 2 ) {
            // `moveRange` is inside this range.
            difference = new Range(
                this.start,
                this.end._getTransformedByDeletion( sourcePosition, howMany )
            );
        } // else, `moveRange` contains this range.

        if ( difference ) {
            result = difference._getTransformedByInsertion( insertPosition, howMany, common !== null || spread );
        } else {
            result = [];
        }

        if ( common ) {
            const transformedCommon = new Range(
                common.start._getCombined( moveRange.start, insertPosition ),
                common.end._getCombined( moveRange.start, insertPosition )
            );

            if ( result.length == 2 ) {
                result.splice( 1, 0, transformedCommon );
            } else {
                result.push( transformedCommon );
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this range that is transformed by deletion of `howMany` nodes from `deletePosition`.
     *
     * If the deleted range is intersecting with the transformed range, the transformed range will be shrank.
     *
     * If the deleted range contains transformed range, `null` will be returned.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} deletionPosition Position from which nodes are removed.
     * @param {Number} howMany How many nodes are removed.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range|null} Result of the transformation.
     */
    _getTransformedByDeletion( deletePosition, howMany ) {
        let newStart = this.start._getTransformedByDeletion( deletePosition, howMany );
        let newEnd = this.end._getTransformedByDeletion( deletePosition, howMany );

        if ( newStart == null && newEnd == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        if ( newStart == null ) {
            newStart = deletePosition;
        }

        if ( newEnd == null ) {
            newEnd = deletePosition;
        }

        return new Range( newStart, newEnd );
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new range, spreading from specified {@link module:engine/model/position~Position position} to a position moved by
     * given `shift`. If `shift` is a negative value, shifted position is treated as the beginning of the range.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/position~Position} position Beginning of the range.
     * @param {Number} shift How long the range should be.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    static _createFromPositionAndShift( position, shift ) {
        const start = position;
        const end = position.getShiftedBy( shift );

        return shift > 0 ? new this( start, end ) : new this( end, start );
    }

    /**
     * Creates a range inside an {@link module:engine/model/element~Element element} which starts before the first child of
     * that element and ends after the last child of that element.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/element~Element} element Element which is a parent for the range.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    static _createIn( element ) {
        return new this( Position._createAt( element, 0 ), Position._createAt( element, element.maxOffset ) );
    }

    /**
     * Creates a range that starts before given {@link module:engine/model/item~Item model item} and ends after it.
     *
     * @protected
     * @param {module:engine/model/item~Item} item
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range}
     */
    static _createOn( item ) {
        return this._createFromPositionAndShift( Position._createBefore( item ), item.offsetSize );
    }

    /**
     * Combines all ranges from the passed array into a one range. At least one range has to be passed.
     * Passed ranges must not have common parts.
     *
     * The first range from the array is a reference range. If other ranges start or end on the exactly same position where
     * the reference range, they get combined into one range.
     *
     *        [  ][]  [    ][ ][             ][ ][]  [  ]  // Passed ranges, shown sorted
     *        [    ]                                       // The result of the function if the first range was a reference range.
     *                [                           ]        // The result of the function if the third-to-seventh range was a reference range.
     *                                               [  ]  // The result of the function if the last range was a reference range.
     *
     * @param {Array.<module:engine/model/range~Range>} ranges Ranges to combine.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/range~Range} Combined range.
     */
    static _createFromRanges( ranges ) {
        if ( ranges.length === 0 ) {
            /**
             * At least one range has to be passed to
             * {@link module:engine/model/range~Range._createFromRanges `Range._createFromRanges()`}.
             *
             * @error range-create-from-ranges-empty-array
             */
            throw new CKEditorError(
                'range-create-from-ranges-empty-array: At least one range has to be passed.',
                null
            );
        } else if ( ranges.length == 1 ) {
            return ranges[ 0 ].clone();
        }

        // 1. Set the first range in `ranges` array as a reference range.
        // If we are going to return just a one range, one of the ranges need to be the reference one.
        // Other ranges will be stuck to that range, if possible.
        const ref = ranges[ 0 ];

        // 2. Sort all the ranges so it's easier to process them.
        ranges.sort( ( a, b ) => {
            return a.start.isAfter( b.start ) ? 1 : -1;
        } );

        // 3. Check at which index the reference range is now.
        const refIndex = ranges.indexOf( ref );

        // 4. At this moment we don't need the original range.
        // We are going to modify the result and we need to return a new instance of Range.
        // We have to create a copy of the reference range.
        const result = new this( ref.start, ref.end );

        // 5. Ranges should be checked and glued starting from the range that is closest to the reference range.
        // Since ranges are sorted, start with the range with index that is closest to reference range index.
        if ( refIndex > 0 ) {
            for ( let i = refIndex - 1; true; i++ ) {
                if ( ranges[ i ].end.isEqual( result.start ) ) {
                    result.start = Position._createAt( ranges[ i ].start );
                } else {
                    // If ranges are not starting/ending at the same position there is no point in looking further.
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        // 6. Ranges should be checked and glued starting from the range that is closest to the reference range.
        // Since ranges are sorted, start with the range with index that is closest to reference range index.
        for ( let i = refIndex + 1; i < ranges.length; i++ ) {
            if ( ranges[ i ].start.isEqual( result.end ) ) {
                result.end = Position._createAt( ranges[ i ].end );
            } else {
                // If ranges are not starting/ending at the same position there is no point in looking further.
                break;
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a `Range` instance from given plain object (i.e. parsed JSON string).
     *
     * @param {Object} json Plain object to be converted to `Range`.
     * @param {module:engine/model/document~Document} doc Document object that will be range owner.
     * @returns {module:engine/model/element~Element} `Range` instance created using given plain object.
     */
    static fromJSON( json, doc ) {
        return new this( Position.fromJSON( json.start, doc ), Position.fromJSON( json.end, doc ) );
    }

    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE // toString() {
    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE //     return `${ this.root } [ ${ this.start.path.join( ', ' ) } ] - [ ${ this.end.path.join( ', ' ) } ]`;
    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE // }

    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE // log() {
    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE //     console.log( 'ModelPosition: ' + this );
    // @if CK_DEBUG_ENGINE // }
}