e107inc/e107

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e107_handlers/e_db_pdo_class.php

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<?php
/**
 * e107 website system
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2008-2020 e107 Inc (e107.org)
 * Released under the terms and conditions of the
 * GNU General Public License (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt)
 *
 * PDO MySQL Handler
 */

// Legacy Fix.
defined('MYSQL_ASSOC') or define('MYSQL_ASSOC', 1);
defined('MYSQL_NUM') or define('MYSQL_NUM', 2);
defined('MYSQL_BOTH') or define('MYSQL_BOTH', 3);

require_once('e_db_interface.php');
require_once('e_db_legacy_trait.php');

/**
 * PDO MySQL class. All legacy mysql_ methods removed.
 * Class e_db_pdo
 */
class e_db_pdo implements e_db
{

    use e_db_legacy;

    // TODO switch to protected vars where needed
    public      $mySQLserver;
    public      $mySQLuser;
    protected   $mySQLpassword;
    protected   $mySQLdefaultdb;
    protected   $mySQLport = 3306;
    public      $mySQLPrefix;

    /** @var PDO */
    protected   $mySQLaccess;
    public      $mySQLresult;
    protected   $mySQLrows;
    protected   $mySQLerror = false;            // Error reporting mode - TRUE shows messages

    protected   $mySQLlastErrNum = 0;        // Number of last error - now protected, use getLastErrorNumber()
    protected   $mySQLlastErrText = '';        // Text of last error - now protected, use getLastErrorText()
    protected   $mySQLlastQuery = '';

    protected   $mySQLcurTable;
    public      $mySQLlanguage;
    public      $mySQLinfo;
    public      $tabset;
    public      $mySQLtableList = array(); // list of all Db tables.

    public      $mySQLtableListLanguage = array(); // Db table list for the currently selected language
    public      $mySQLtablelist = array();

    protected    $dbFieldDefs = array();        // Local cache - Field type definitions for _FIELD_DEFS and _NOTNULL arrays
    public      $mySQLcharset;
    protected   $mySqlServerInfo = '?';            // Server info - needed for various things

    public      $total_results = false;            // Total number of results

    private     $pdo            = true; // using PDO or not.
    private     $pdoBind        = false;

    /** @var e107_traffic */
    private     $traffic;

    /** @var e107_db_debug */
    private     $dbg;

    private     $debugMode      = false;

    private     $queryCount     = 0;




    /**
    * Constructor - gets language options from the cookie or session
    * @access public
    */
    public function __construct()
    {

        $this->traffic = e107::getSingleton('e107_traffic');
        $this->traffic->BumpWho('Create db object', 1);
                        // Set the default prefix - may be overridden

        $config =  e107::getMySQLConfig();


        $this->mySQLserver      = $config['mySQLserver'];
        $this->mySQLuser        = $config['mySQLuser'];
        $this->mySQLpassword    = $config['mySQLpassword'];
        $this->mySQLdefaultdb   = $config['mySQLdefaultdb'];
        $this->mySQLport        = varset($config['port'], 3306);
        $this->mySQLPrefix      = varset($config['mySQLprefix'], 'e107_');

        /*

        if($port = e107::getMySQLConfig('port'))
        {
            $this->mySQLport = intval($port);
        }*/

        // Detect is already done in language handler, use it if not too early
        if(defined('e_LANGUAGE'))
        {
             $this->mySQLlanguage = e107::getLanguage()->e_language;
        }

        if (defset('E107_DEBUG_LEVEL') > 0)
        {
            $this->debugMode = true;
        }

        $this->dbg = e107::getDebug();

    }

    /**
     * @return bool
     */
    function getPDO()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @param $bool
     * @return void
     */
    function debugMode($bool)
    {
        $this->debugMode = (bool) $bool;
    }


    /**
     * @return mixed
     */
    function getMode()
    {
         $this->gen('SELECT @@sql_mode');
         $row = $this->fetch();
         return $row['@@sql_mode'];
    }


    /**
     * Connect ONLY  - used in v2.x
     * @param string $mySQLserver IP Or hostname of the MySQL server
     * @param string $mySQLuser MySQL username
     * @param string $mySQLpassword MySQL Password
     * @param bool $newLink force a new link connection if TRUE. Default false
     * @return boolean true on success, false on error.
     */
    public function connect($mySQLserver, $mySQLuser, $mySQLpassword, $newLink = false)
    {

        $this->traffic->BumpWho('db Connect', 1);

        $this->mySQLserver         = $mySQLserver;
        $this->mySQLuser         = $mySQLuser;
        $this->mySQLpassword     = $mySQLpassword;
        $this->mySQLerror         = false;

        if(strpos($mySQLserver,':')!==false && substr_count($mySQLserver, ':')===1)
        {
            list($this->mySQLserver,$this->mySQLport) = explode(':',$mySQLserver,2);
        }

    //    if($this->mySQLserver === 'localhost') // problematic.
        {
    //        $this->mySQLserver = '127.0.0.1'; // faster by almost 1 second.
        }


        try
        {
            $this->mySQLaccess = new PDO("mysql:host={$this->mySQLserver};port={$this->mySQLport}", $this->mySQLuser, $this->mySQLpassword, array(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));
        }
        catch(PDOException $ex)
        {
            $this->mySQLlastErrText = $ex->getMessage();
            $this->mySQLLastErrNum = $ex->getCode();
            $this->dbg->log($this->mySQLlastErrText);
            return false;
        }

        $this->setCharset();
        $this->setSQLMode();

        return true;
    }


    /**
     * Get Server Info
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getServerInfo()
    {

    //    var_dump($this->mySQLaccess);
        $this->_getMySQLaccess();
        $this->mySqlServerInfo =  $this->mySQLaccess->query('select version()')->fetchColumn();
    //    $this->mySqlServerInfo = $this->mySQLaccess->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);
        return $this->mySqlServerInfo;
    }



    /**
     * Select the database to use.
     * @param string $database name
     * @param string $prefix prefix . eg. e107_
     * @param boolean $multiple set to maintain connection to a secondary database.
     * @return boolean true when database selection was successful otherwise false.
     */
    public function database($database, $prefix = MPREFIX, $multiple=false)
    {
        $this->mySQLdefaultdb     = $database;
        $this->mySQLPrefix         = $prefix;

        if($multiple === true)
        {
            $this->mySQLPrefix         = "`".$database."`.".$prefix;
            return true;
        }


        try
        {
            $this->mySQLaccess->exec("use `".$database."`");
               // $this->mySQLaccess->select_db($database); $dbh->query("use newdatabase");
        }
        catch (PDOException $e)
        {
            $this->mySQLlastErrText = $e->getMessage();
            $this->mySQLlastErrNum = $e->getCode();
            return false;
        }

        return true;

    }


    /**
     * Get system config
     * @return e_core_pref
     */
    public function getConfig()
    {
        return e107::getConfig('core', false);
    }

    /**
    *
    * @param string $sMarker
    * @desc Enter description here...
     * @return null|true
    */
    public function markTime($sMarker)
    {
        if($this->debugMode !== true)
        {
            return null;
        }

        $this->dbg->Mark_Time($sMarker);

        return true;
    }


    /**
    * @return void
    * @desc add query to dblog table
    * @access private
    */
    function log($log_type = '', $log_remark = '', $log_query = '')
    {
        $tp = e107::getParser();
        list($time_usec, $time_sec) = explode(" ", microtime());
        $uid = (USER) ? USERID : '0';
        $userstring = ( USER === true ? USERNAME : "LAN_ANONYMOUS");
        $ip = e107::getIPHandler()->getIP(false);
        $qry = $tp->toDB($log_query);

        $insert = array(
            // 'dblog_id'          => 0,
            'dblog_datestamp'   => $time_sec,
            'dblog_microtime'   => $time_usec,
            'dblog_type'        => $log_type,
            'dblog_eventcode'   => 'DBDEBUG',
            'dblog_user_id'     => $uid,
            'dblog_user_name'   => $userstring,
            'dblog_ip'          => $ip,
            'dblog_caller'      => '',
            'dblog_title'       => $log_remark,
            'dblog_remarks'     => is_array($qry) ? e107::serialize($qry) : $qry

        );

        $this->insert('dblog', $insert);

        // $this->insert('dblog', "0, {$time_sec}, {$time_usec}, '{$log_type}', 'DBDEBUG', {$uid}, '{$userstring}', '{$ip}', '', '{$log_remark}', '{$qry}'");
    }


    /**
     * This is the 'core' routine which handles much of the interface between other functions and the DB
     *
     * If a SELECT query includes SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS, the value of FOUND_ROWS() is retrieved and stored in $this->total_results
     *
     * @param string|array  $query ['BIND'] eg. array['my_field'] = array('value'=>'whatever', 'type'=>'str');
     * @param object $rli connection resource.
     * @param string $qry_from eg. SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE mode.
     * @param bool   $debug
     * @param string $log_type
     * @param string $log_remark
     * @return boolean|int|PDOStatement - as mysql_query() function.
     *            false indicates an error
     *            For SELECT, SHOW, DESCRIBE, EXPLAIN and others returning a result set, returns a resource
     *            TRUE indicates success in other cases
     */
    public function db_Query($query, $rli = NULL, $qry_from = '', $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        global $db_time, $queryinfo;
        $this->queryCount++;

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();
        $this->mySQLlastQuery = $query;

        if ($debug == 'now')
        {
            $this->dbg->log($query);
        }
        if ($debug !== false || strpos($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'], 'showsql') !== false)
        {
            $debugQry = is_array($query) ? print_a($query,true) : $query;
            $queryinfo[] = "<b>{$qry_from}</b>: ".$debugQry;
        }
        if ($log_type != '')
        {
            $this->log($log_type, $log_remark, $query);
        }

        $b = microtime();


        if(is_array($query) && !empty($query['PREPARE']))
        {
            /** @var PDOStatement $prep */
            $prep = $this->mySQLaccess->prepare($query['PREPARE']);

            if(!empty($query['BIND']))
            {
                foreach($query['BIND'] as $k=>$v)
                {
                    $prep->bindValue(':'.$k, $v['value'], $v['type']);
                }
            }

            $execute = !empty($query['EXECUTE']) ? $query['EXECUTE'] : null;

            try
            {
                $prep->execute($execute);
                $sQryRes = ($qry_from == 'db_Select') ? $prep : $prep->rowCount();
            }
            catch(PDOException $ex)
            {
                $sQryRes = false;
                $this->mySQLlastErrText = $ex->getMessage();
                $this->mySQLlastErrNum = $ex->getCode();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            try
            {
                if(preg_match('#^(CREATE TABLE|DROP TABLE|ALTER TABLE|RENAME TABLE|CREATE DATABASE|CREATE INDEX)#',$query, $matches))
                {
                    /** @var PDO $rli */
                    $sQryRes = is_null($rli) ? $this->mySQLaccess->exec($query) : $rli->exec($query);
                    if($sQryRes !==false)
                    {
                        $sQryRes = true; // match with non-PDO results.
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                        /** @var PDO $rli */
                        $sQryRes = is_null($rli) ? $this->mySQLaccess->query($query) : $rli->query($query);
                }

            }
            catch(PDOException $ex)
            {
                $sQryRes = false;
                $this->mySQLlastErrText = $ex->getMessage();
                $this->mySQLlastErrNum = $ex->getCode();
            }
        }




        $e = microtime();

        $this->traffic->Bump('db_Query', $b, $e);
        $mytime = $this->traffic->TimeDelta($b,$e);
        $db_time += $mytime;
        $this->mySQLresult = $sQryRes;


        if ($this->debugMode !== true)
        {
            $this->total_results = false;
        }
        // Need to get the total record count as well. Return code is a resource identifier
        // Have to do this before any debug action, otherwise this bit gets messed up



        if (!is_array($query) && (strpos($query,'EXPLAIN') !==0) && (strpos($query,'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS') !== false) && (strpos($query,'SELECT') !== false))
        {

            $rc = $this->mySQLaccess->query('SELECT FOUND_ROWS();')->fetch(PDO::FETCH_COLUMN);
            $this->total_results = intval($rc);
        }

        if ($this->debugMode === true)
        {
            $aTrace = debug_backtrace();
            $pTable = (string) $this->mySQLcurTable;

            if(!strlen($pTable))
            {
                $pTable = '(complex query)';
            }
            else
            {
                $this->mySQLcurTable = ''; // clear before next query
            }

            if(is_object($this->dbg))
            {
                $buglink = is_null($rli) ? $this->mySQLaccess : $rli;

                if(is_array($query))
                {
                    $query['BIND'] = isset($query['BIND']) ? $query['BIND'] : null;
                    $query = "PREPARE: " . $query['PREPARE'] . "<br />BIND:" . print_a($query['BIND'], true); // ,true);
                }

                if(isset($ex) && is_object($ex))
                {
                    $query = $ex->getMessage();
                 //      $arr = $ex->getTrace(); // @todo runs out of memory when tested.
                  // $query .= print_a($arr, true);
                }


                if($buglink instanceof PDO)
                {
                    $this->dbg->Mark_Query($query, 'PDO', $sQryRes, $aTrace, $mytime, $pTable);
                }

            }


        }

        return $sQryRes;
    }

    /**
     * Query and fetch at once
     *
     * Examples:
     * <code>
     * <?php
     *
     * // Get single value, $multi and indexField are ignored
     * $string = e107::getDb()->retrieve('user', 'user_email', 'user_id=1');
     *
     * // Get single row set, $multi and indexField are ignored
     * $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve('user', 'user_email, user_name', 'user_id=1');
     *
     * // Fetch all, don't append WHERE to the query, index by user_id, noWhere auto detected (string starts with upper case ORDER)
     * $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve('user', 'user_id, user_email, user_name', 'ORDER BY user_email LIMIT 0,20', true, 'user_id');
     *
     * // Same as above but retrieve() is only used to fetch, not useable for single return value
     * if(e107::getDb()->select('user', 'user_id, user_email, user_name', 'ORDER BY user_email LIMIT 0,20', true))
     * {
     *        $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve(null, null, null,  true, 'user_id');
     * }
     *
     * // Using whole query example, in this case default mode is 'one'
     * $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve('SELECT
     *    p.*, u.user_email, u.user_name FROM `#user` AS u
     *    LEFT JOIN `#myplug_table` AS p ON p.myplug_table=u.user_id
     *    ORDER BY u.user_email LIMIT 0,20'
     * );
     *
     * // Using whole query example, multi mode - $fields argument mapped to $multi
     * $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve('SELECT u.user_email, u.user_name FROM `#user` AS U ORDER BY user_email LIMIT 0,20', true);
     *
     * // Using whole query example, multi mode with index field
     * $array = e107::getDb()->retrieve('SELECT u.user_email, u.user_name FROM `#user` AS U ORDER BY user_email LIMIT 0,20', null, null, true, 'user_id');
     * </code>
     *
     * @param string $table if empty, enter fetch only mode
     * @param string $fields comma separated list of fields or * or single field name (get one); if $fields is of type boolean and $where is not found, $fields overrides $multi
     * @param string $where WHERE/ORDER/LIMIT etc clause, empty to disable
     * @param boolean $multi if true, fetch all (multi mode)
     * @param string $indexField field name to be used for indexing when in multi mode
     * @param boolean $debug
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function retrieve($table=null, $fields = null, $where=null, $multi = false, $indexField = null, $debug = false)
    {
        // fetch mode
        if(empty($table))
        {

            if(!$multi)
            {
                 return $this->fetch();
            }

            $ret = array();

            while($row = $this->fetch())
            {
                if(null !== $indexField)
                {
                     $ret[$row[$indexField]] = $row;
                }
                else
                {
                     $ret[] = $row;
                }
            }
            return $ret;
        }

        // detect mode
        $mode = 'one';
        if($table && !$where && is_bool($fields))
        {
            // table is the query, fields used for multi
            if($fields)
            {
                 $mode = 'multi';
            }
            else
            {
                 $mode = 'single';
            }

            $fields = null;
        }
        elseif($fields && '*' !== $fields && strpos($fields, ',') === false && $where)
        {
            $mode = 'single';
        }

        if($multi)
        {
            $mode = 'multi';
        }

        // detect query type
        $select = true;
        $noWhere = false;
        if(!$fields && !$where)
        {
            // gen()
            $select = false;
            if($mode == 'one' && !preg_match('/[,*]+[\s\S]*FROM/im',$table)) // if a comma or astericks is found before "FROM" then leave it in 'one' row mode.
            {
                $mode = 'single';
            }
        }
        // auto detect noWhere - if where string starts with upper case LATIN word
        elseif(!$where || preg_match('/^[A-Z]+\S.*$/', trim($where)))
        {
            // FIXME - move auto detect to select()?
            $noWhere = true;
        }


        // execute & fetch
        switch ($mode)
        {
            case 'single': // single field value returned.
                if($select && !$this->select($table, $fields, $where, $noWhere, $debug))
                {
                    return null;
                }
                elseif(!$select && !$this->gen($table, $debug))
                {
                    return null;
                }
                $rows = $this->fetch();
                return array_shift($rows);
            break;

            case 'one': // one row returned.
                if($select && !$this->select($table, $fields, $where, $noWhere, $debug))
                {
                    return array();
                }
                elseif(!$select && !$this->gen($table, $debug))
                {
                    return array();
                }
                return $this->fetch();
            break;

            case 'multi':
                if($select && !$this->select($table, $fields, $where, $noWhere, $debug))
                {
                    return array();
                }
                elseif(!$select && !$this->gen($table, $debug))
                {
                    return array();
                }
                $ret = array();
                while($row = $this->fetch())
                {
                    if(null !== $indexField) $ret[$row[$indexField]] = $row;
                    else $ret[] = $row;
                }
                return $ret;
            break;

        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
    * Perform a SELECT  using the arguments suplpied by calling db::db_Query()
    *
    * @param string $table
    * @param string $fields
    * @param string|array $arg;
    *
    * @example e107::getDb()->select("comments", "*", "comment_item_id = '$id' AND comment_type = '1' ORDER BY comment_datestamp");
    * @example e107::getDb('sql2')->select("chatbox", "*", "ORDER BY cb_datestamp DESC LIMIT $from, ".$view, true);</code>
    * @example select('user', 'user_id, user_name', 'user_id=:id OR user_name=:name ORDER BY user_name', array('id' => 999, 'name'=>'e107')); // bind support.
    * @return integer Number of rows or false on error
    */
    public function select($table, $fields = '*', $arg = '', $noWhere = false, $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {

        $table = $this->hasLanguage($table);

        $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;

        // e107 v2.2 PDO bind params.
        if(!empty($arg) && is_array($noWhere))
        {

            $query = array(
                'PREPARE'   => 'SELECT '.$fields.' FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' WHERE '.$arg,
                'EXECUTE'   => $noWhere
            );

            if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, null, 'db_Select', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $this->dbError('dbQuery');
                return $this->rowCount();
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError('select() with prepare/execute');
                return false;
            }

        }


        if (!empty($arg) && ($noWhere === false || $noWhere === 'default'))  // 'default' for BC.
        {
            if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query('SELECT '.$fields.' FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' WHERE '.$arg, NULL, 'db_Select', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $this->dbError('dbQuery');
                return $this->rowCount();
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError("db_Select (SELECT $fields FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table} WHERE {$arg})");
                return false;
            }
        }
        elseif ($arg != '' && ($noWhere !== false) && ($noWhere !== 'default')) // 'default' for BC.
        {
            if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query('SELECT '.$fields.' FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' '.$arg, NULL, 'db_Select', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $this->dbError('dbQuery');
                return $this->rowCount();
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError("db_Select (SELECT {$fields} FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table} {$arg})");
                return false;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query('SELECT '.$fields.' FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table, NULL, 'db_Select', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $this->dbError('dbQuery');
                return $this->rowCount();
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError("db_Select (SELECT {$fields} FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table})");
                return false;
            }
        }
    }



    /**
     * @param string $tableName - Name of table to access, without any language or general DB prefix
     * @param        $arg
     * @param bool   $debug
     * @param string $log_type
     * @param string $log_remark
     * @return int|bool Last insert ID or false on error. When using '_DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE' return ID, true on update, 0 on no change and false on error.
     * @desc Insert a row into the table<br />
     * <br />
     * Example:<br />
     * <code>e107::getDb()->insert("links", "0, 'News', 'news.php', '', '', 1, 0, 0, 0");</code>
     *
     * @access public
     */
    function insert($tableName, $arg, $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $table = $this->hasLanguage($tableName);
        $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;
        $REPLACE = false; // kill any PHP notices
        $DUPEKEY_UPDATE = false;
        $IGNORE = '';

        if(is_array($arg))
        {
            if(isset($arg['WHERE'])) // use same array for update and insert.
            {
                unset($arg['WHERE']);
            }

            if(isset($arg['_REPLACE']))
            {
                $REPLACE = TRUE;
                unset($arg['_REPLACE']);
            }

            if(isset($arg['_DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE']))
            {
                $DUPEKEY_UPDATE = true;
                unset($arg['_DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE']);
            }

            if(isset($arg['_IGNORE']))
            {
                $IGNORE = ' IGNORE';
                unset($arg['_IGNORE']);
            }

            if(!isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']) && !isset($arg['data']))
            {
               //Convert data if not using 'new' format
                $_tmp = array();
                $_tmp['data'] = $arg;
                $arg = $_tmp;
                unset($_tmp);
            }

            if(!isset($arg['data'])) { return false; }


            // See if we need to auto-add field types array
            if(!isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']))
            {
                $fieldDefs = $this->getFieldDefs($tableName);
                if (is_array($fieldDefs)) $arg = array_merge($arg, $fieldDefs);
            }

            $argUpdate = $arg;  // used when DUPLICATE_KEY_UPDATE is active;


            // Handle 'NOT NULL' fields without a default value
            if (isset($arg['_NOTNULL']))
            {
                foreach ($arg['_NOTNULL'] as $f => $v)
                {
                    if (!isset($arg['data'][$f]))
                    {
                        $arg['data'][$f] = $v;
                    }
                }
            }


            $fieldTypes = $this->_getTypes($arg);
            $keyList= '`'.implode('`,`', array_keys($arg['data'])).'`';
            $tmp = array();
            $bind = array();

            foreach($arg['data'] as $fk => $fv)
            {
                $tmp[] = ':'.$fk;
                $fieldType = isset($fieldTypes[$fk]) ? $fieldTypes[$fk] : null;
                $bind[$fk] = array('value'=>$this->_getPDOValue($fieldType,$fv), 'type'=> $this->_getPDOType($fieldType,$this->_getPDOValue($fieldType,$fv)));
            }

            $valList= implode(', ', $tmp);


            unset($tmp);



            if($REPLACE === false)
            {
                $query = "INSERT".$IGNORE." INTO ".$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table} ({$keyList}) VALUES ({$valList})";

                if($DUPEKEY_UPDATE === true)
                {
                    $query .= " ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ";
                    $query .= $this->_prepareUpdateArg($tableName, $argUpdate);
                }

            }
            else
            {
                $query = "REPLACE INTO ".$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table} ({$keyList}) VALUES ({$valList})";
            }


            $query = array(
                'PREPARE' => $query,
                'BIND'  => $bind,
            );



        }
        else
        {
            $query = 'INSERT INTO '.$this->mySQLPrefix."{$table} VALUES ({$arg})";
        }

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        $this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, NULL, 'db_Insert', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark);

        if($DUPEKEY_UPDATE === true)
        {
            $result = false; // ie. there was an error.

            if($this->mySQLresult === 1 ) // insert.
            {
                $result = $this->lastInsertId();
            }
            elseif($this->mySQLresult === 2 || $this->mySQLresult === true) // updated
            {
                $result = true;
                // reset auto-increment to prevent gaps.
                $this->db_Query("ALTER TABLE ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table."  AUTO_INCREMENT=1", NULL, 'db_Insert', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark);
            }
            elseif($this->mySQLresult === 0) // updated (no change)
            {
                $result = 0;
            }

            $this->dbError('db_Insert');
            return $result;
        }


        if ($this->mySQLresult)
        {
            if(true === $REPLACE)
            {
                $tmp = $this->mySQLresult ;
                $this->dbError('db_Replace');
                // $tmp == -1 (error), $tmp == 0 (not modified), $tmp == 1 (added), greater (replaced)
                if ($tmp == -1) { return false; } // mysql_affected_rows error
                return $tmp;
            }

        //    $tmp = ($this->pdo) ? $this->mySQLaccess->lastInsertId() : mysql_insert_id($this->mySQLaccess);

            $tmp = $this->lastInsertId();

            $this->dbError('db_Insert');
            return ($tmp) ? $tmp : TRUE; // return true even if table doesn't have auto-increment.
        }
        else
        {
        //    $this->dbError("db_Insert ({$query})");
            return false;
        }
    }


    /**
     * @return bool|int
     */
    public function lastInsertId()
    {
        $tmp = (int) $this->mySQLaccess->lastInsertId();
        return ($tmp) ? $tmp : true; // return true even if table doesn't have auto-increment.
    }


    /**
     * Return the total number of results on the last query regardless of the LIMIT value when SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS is used.
     * @return bool
     */
    public function foundRows()
    {
        return $this->total_results;
    }


    /**
     * @param $result
     * @return int
     */
    public function rowCount($result=null)
    {

        if(!$this->mySQLresult)
        {
            return -1;
        }


        /** @var PDOStatement $resource */
        $resource = $this->mySQLresult;
        $rows = $this->mySQLrows = $resource->rowCount();
        $this->dbError('db_Rows');
        return $rows;
    }








    /**
     * @param string $table
     * @param array  $arg
     * @param bool   $debug
     * @param string $log_type
     * @param string $log_remark
     * @return int Last insert ID or false on error
     * @desc Insert/REplace a row into the table<br />
     * <br />
     * Example:<br />
     * <code>e107::getDb()->replace("links", $array);</code>
     *
     * @access public
     */
    function replace($table, $arg, $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $arg['_REPLACE'] = TRUE;
        return $this->insert($table, $arg, $debug, $log_type, $log_remark);
    }


    /**
     * @param $tableName
     * @param $arg
     * @return false|mixed|string
     */
    private function _prepareUpdateArg($tableName, $arg)
    {
        $this->pdoBind = array();
        if (is_array($arg))  // Remove the need for a separate db_UpdateArray() function.
          {

            if(!isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']) && !isset($arg['data']))
               {
                   //Convert data if not using 'new' format
                   $_tmp = array();
                   if(isset($arg['WHERE']))
                   {
                       $_tmp['WHERE'] = $arg['WHERE'];
                       unset($arg['WHERE']);
                   }
                   $_tmp['data'] = $arg;
                   $arg = $_tmp;
                   unset($_tmp);
               }

               if(!isset($arg['data'])) { return false; }

            // See if we need to auto-add field types array
            if(!isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']))
            {
                $fieldDefs = $this->getFieldDefs($tableName);
                if (is_array($fieldDefs)) $arg = array_merge($arg, $fieldDefs);
            }

            $fieldTypes = $this->_getTypes($arg);


            $new_data = '';
            //$this->pdoBind = array(); // moved up to the beginning of the method to make sure it is initialized properly
            foreach ($arg['data'] as $fn => $fv)
            {
                $new_data .= ($new_data ? ', ' : '');
                $ftype =  isset($fieldTypes[$fn]) ? $fieldTypes[$fn] : 'str';

                $new_data .= ($ftype !='cmd') ? "`{$fn}`= :". $fn : "`{$fn}`=".$this->_getFieldValue($fn, $fv, $fieldTypes);

                if($fv === '_NULL_')
                {
                    $ftype = 'null';
                }

                if($ftype != 'cmd')
                {
                    $this->pdoBind[$fn] = array('value'=>$this->_getPDOValue($ftype,$fv), 'type'=> $this->_getPDOType($ftype,$this->_getPDOValue($ftype,$fv)));
                }
            }

            $arg = $new_data .(isset($arg['WHERE']) ? ' WHERE '. $arg['WHERE'] : '');

        }

        return $arg;

    }


    /**
    * @return int number of affected rows, or false on error
    * @param string $tableName - Name of table to access, without any language or general DB prefix
    * @param array|string $arg  (array preferred)
    * @param bool $debug
    * @desc Update fields in ONE table of the database corresponding to your $arg variable<br />
    * <br />
    * Think to call it if you need to do an update while retrieving data.<br />
    * <br />
    * Example using a unique connection to database:<br />
    * <code>e107::getDb()->update("user", "user_viewed='$u_new' WHERE user_id='".USERID."' ");</code>
    * <br />
    * OR as second connection<br />
    * <code>
    * e107::getDb('sql2')->update("user", "user_viewed = '$u_new' WHERE user_id = '".USERID."' ");</code><br />
    *
    * @access public
    */
    function update($tableName, $arg, $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $table = $this->hasLanguage($tableName);
        $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        $arg = $this->_prepareUpdateArg($tableName, $arg);

        $query = 'UPDATE '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' SET '.$arg;

        if(!empty($this->pdoBind))
        {
            $query = array(
                    'PREPARE' => $query,
                    'BIND'  => $this->pdoBind,
            );
        }

        $result = $this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, NULL, 'db_Update', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark);

        if ($result !==false)
        {

            if(is_object($result))
            {
                    // make sure to return the number of records affected, instead of an object
                $result = $this->rowCount();
            }


            $this->dbError('db_Update');
            if ($result === -1) { return false; }    // Error return from mysql_affected_rows
            return $result;
        }
        else
        {
            $this->dbError('db_Update ('.print_r($query, true).')');
            return false;
        }
    }


    /**
     * @param $arg
     * @return array|mixed
     */
    private function _getTypes(&$arg)
    {
        if(isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']))
        {
            if(!isset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']['_DEFAULT']))
            {
                $arg['_FIELD_TYPES']['_DEFAULT'] = 'string';
            }
            $fieldTypes = $arg['_FIELD_TYPES'];
            unset($arg['_FIELD_TYPES']);
        }
        else
        {
            $fieldTypes = array();
            $fieldTypes['_DEFAULT'] = 'string';
        }
        return $fieldTypes;
    }

    /**
    * @param string|array $fieldValue
     * @desc Return new field value in proper format<br />
    *
    * @access private
    *@return array|float|int|string
    */
    private function _getFieldValue($fieldKey, $fieldValue, &$fieldTypes)
    {
        if($fieldValue === '_NULL_') { return 'NULL';}
        $type = (isset($fieldTypes[$fieldKey]) ? $fieldTypes[$fieldKey] : $fieldTypes['_DEFAULT']);

        switch ($type)
        {
            case 'int':
            case 'integer':
                return (int) $fieldValue;
            break;

            case 'cmd':
                return $fieldValue;
            break;

            case 'safestr':
                return "'{$fieldValue}'";
            break;

            case 'str':
            case 'string':
                //return "'{$fieldValue}'";
                return "'".$this->escape($fieldValue, false)."'";
            break;

            case 'float':
                // fix - convert localized float numbers
                // $larr = localeconv();
                // $search = array($larr['decimal_point'], $larr['mon_decimal_point'], $larr['thousands_sep'], $larr['mon_thousands_sep'], $larr['currency_symbol'], $larr['int_curr_symbol']);
                // $replace = array('.', '.', '', '', '', '');

                // return str_replace($search, $replace, floatval($fieldValue));

                return e107::getParser()->toNumber($fieldValue);
            break;

            case 'null':
                //return ($fieldValue && $fieldValue !== 'NULL' ? "'{$fieldValue}'" : 'NULL');
                return ($fieldValue && $fieldValue !== 'NULL' ? "'".$this->escape($fieldValue, false)."'" : 'NULL');
                break;

            case 'array':
                if(is_array($fieldValue))
                {
                    return "'".e107::serialize($fieldValue, true)."'";
                }
                return "'". (string) $fieldValue."'";
            break;

            case 'todb': // using as default causes serious BC issues.
                if($fieldValue == '') { return "''"; }
                return "'".e107::getParser()->toDB($fieldValue)."'";
            break;

            case 'escape':
            default:
                return "'".$this->escape($fieldValue, false)."'";
            break;
          }
    }


    /**
     * Return a value for use in PDO bindValue() - based on field-type.
     * @param $type
     * @param $fieldValue
     * @return int|string
     */
    private function _getPDOValue($type, $fieldValue)
    {


        if(is_string($fieldValue) && ($fieldValue === '_NULL_'))
        {
            $type = 'null';
        }

        switch($type)
        {
            case "int":
            case "integer":
                return (int) $fieldValue;
                break;



            case 'float':
                // fix - convert localized float numbers
                // $larr = localeconv();
                // $search = array($larr['decimal_point'], $larr['mon_decimal_point'], $larr['thousands_sep'], $larr['mon_thousands_sep'], $larr['currency_symbol'], $larr['int_curr_symbol']);
                // $replace = array('.', '.', '', '', '', '');

                // return str_replace($search, $replace, floatval($fieldValue));
                return e107::getParser()->toNumber($fieldValue);
            break;

            case 'null':
                return (
                    is_string($fieldValue) && (
                        ($fieldValue !== '_NULL_') && ($fieldValue !== '')
                    )
                ) ? $fieldValue : null;
                break;

            case 'array':
                if(is_array($fieldValue))
                {
                    return e107::serialize($fieldValue);
                }
                return $fieldValue;
            break;

            case 'todb': // using as default causes serious BC issues.
                if($fieldValue == '') { return ''; }
                return e107::getParser()->toDB($fieldValue);
            break;

                case 'cmd':
            case 'safestr':
            case 'str':
            case 'string':
            case 'escape':
            default:

                return $fieldValue;
                break;

        }


    }


    /**
     * Convert FIELD_TYPE to PDO compatible Field-Type
     * @param $type
     * @param null $value
     * @return int
     */
    private function _getPDOType($type, $value = null)
    {
        switch($type)
        {
            case "int":
            case "integer":
                return PDO::PARAM_INT;
                break;

            case 'null':
                return ($value === null) ? PDO::PARAM_NULL : PDO::PARAM_STR;
                break;

            case 'cmd':
            case 'safestr':
            case 'str':
            case 'string':
            case 'escape':
            case 'array':
            case 'todb':
            case 'float':
                return PDO::PARAM_STR;
                break;

        }

        // e107::getMessage()->addDebug("MySQL Missing Field-Type: ".$type);
        return PDO::PARAM_STR;
    }



    /**
     * Truncate a table
     * @param string $table - table name without e107 prefix
     */
    function truncate($table=null)
    {
        if($table == null){ return null; }
        return $this->gen("TRUNCATE TABLE ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table);
    }


    /**
     * @param string $type assoc|num|both
    * @return array|bool MySQL row
    * @desc Fetch an array containing row data (see PHP's mysql_fetch_array() docs)<br />
    * @example
    * Example :<br />
    * <code>while($row = $sql->fetch()){
    *  $text .= $row['username'];
    * }</code>
    *
    * @access public
    */
    function fetch($type = null)
    {
        switch ($type)
        {
                case 'both':
                case 3: // MYSQL_BOTH:
                    $type = PDO::FETCH_BOTH; // 3
                break;

                case 'num':
                case 2; // MYSQL_NUM: // 2
                    $type = PDO::FETCH_NUM;
                break;

                default:
                case 'assoc':
                case 1; // MYSQL_ASSOC // 1
                    $type =  PDO::FETCH_ASSOC;
                break;
        }

        $b = microtime();

        if($this->mySQLresult)
        {
            /** @var PDOStatement $resource */
            $resource = $this->mySQLresult;
            $row = $resource->fetch($type);
            $this->traffic->Bump('db_Fetch', $b);

            if ($row)
            {
                $this->dbError('db_Fetch');
                return $row;        // Success - return data
            }
        }

        $this->dbError('db_Fetch');

        return false;
    }



    /**
     * @param string $table
     * @param string $fields
     * @param string $arg
     * @param bool   $debug
     * @param string $log_type
     * @param string $log_remark
     * @return int number of affected rows or false on error
     * @desc Count the number of rows in a select<br />
     * <br />
     * Example:<br />
     * <code>$topics = e107::getDb()->count("forum_thread", "(*)", "thread_forum_id='".$forum_id."' AND thread_parent='0'");</code>
     *
     * @access public
     */
    function count($table, $fields = '(*)', $arg = '', $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $table = $this->hasLanguage($table);

        if ($fields == 'generic')
        {
            $query=$table;
            if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, NULL, 'db_Count', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $rows = $this->mySQLrows = $this->mySQLresult->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
                $this->dbError('db_Count');
                return (int) $rows['COUNT(*)'];
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError("db_Count ({$query})");
                return false;
            }
        }

        $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;
        // normalize query arguments - only COUNT expected 'WHERE', not anymore
        if($arg && stripos(trim($arg), 'WHERE') !== 0)
        {
            $arg = 'WHERE '.$arg;
        }
        $query='SELECT COUNT'.$fields.' FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' '.$arg;
        if ($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, NULL, 'db_Count', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
        {
            $rows = $this->mySQLrows = $this->mySQLresult->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
            $this->dbError('db_Count');
            return (int) $rows[0];
        }
        else
        {
            $this->dbError("db_Count({$query})");
            return false;
        }
    }


    /**

     * @desc Closes the mySQL server connection.<br />
     * <br />
     * Only required if you open a second connection.<br />
     * Native e107 connection is closed in the footer.php file<br />
     * <br />
     * Example :<br />
     * <code>$sql->db_Close();</code>
     *
     * @access public
     * @return void
     */
    function close()
    {
        $this->_getMySQLaccess();
        $this->traffic->BumpWho('db Close', 1);
        $this->mySQLaccess = null; // correct way to do it when using shared links.
        $this->dbError('dbClose');
    }





    /**
    * @return int number of affected rows, or false on error
    * @param string $table
    * @param string $arg
    * @desc Delete rows from a table<br />
    * <br />
    * Example:
    * <code>$sql->delete("tmp", "tmp_ip='$ip'");</code><br />
    * <br />
    * @access public
    */
    function delete($table, $arg = '', $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $table = $this->hasLanguage($table);
        $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();


        if (!$arg)
        {
            if ($result = $this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query('DELETE FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table, NULL, 'db_Delete', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                // return the number of records deleted instead of an object
                $tmp = $this->mySQLresult->rowCount();
                $this->dbError('db_Delete');
                return $tmp;
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError("db_Delete({$arg})");
                return false;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if ($result = $this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query('DELETE FROM '.$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.' WHERE '.$arg, NULL, 'db_Delete', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark))
            {
                $tmp = $this->mySQLresult->rowCount();
                $this->dbError('db_Delete');
                return $tmp;
            }
            else
            {
                $this->dbError('db_Delete ('.$arg.')');
                return false;
            }
        }
    }


    /**
    * @return void
    * @param bool $mode
    * @desc Enter description here...
    * @access private
    */
    function setErrorReporting($mode)
    {
        $this->mySQLerror = $mode;
    }


    /**
    * Function to handle any MySQL query
    * @param string $query - the MySQL query string, where '#' represents the database prefix in front of table names.
    *        Strongly recommended to enclose all table names in backticks, to minimise the possibility of erroneous substitutions - its
    *            likely that this will become mandatory at some point
    * @return boolean | integer
    *        Returns false if there is an error in the query
    *        Returns TRUE if the query is successful, and it does not return a row count
    *        Returns the number of rows added/updated/deleted for DELETE, INSERT, REPLACE, or UPDATE
    */
    public function gen($query, $debug = false, $log_type = '', $log_remark = '')
    {
        $this->tabset = false;

        $query .= " "; // temp fix for failing regex below, when there is no space after the table name;

        if(strpos($query,'`#') !== false)
        {
            //$query = str_replace('`#','`'.$this->mySQLPrefix,$query);    // This simple substitution should be OK when backticks used
            // SecretR - reverted back - breaks multi-language
            $query = preg_replace_callback("/\s`#([\w]*?)`\W/", array($this, 'ml_check'), $query);
        }
        elseif(strpos($query,'#') !== false)
        {    // Deprecated scenario - caused problems when '#' appeared in data - hence use of backticks
            $query = preg_replace_callback("/\s#([\w]*?)\W/", array($this, 'ml_check'), $query);
        }

        //$query = str_replace("#",$this->mySQLPrefix,$query); //FIXME - quick fix for those that slip-thru - but destroys
                                                                // the point of requiring backticks round table names - wrecks &#039;, for example
        if (($this->mySQLresult = $this->db_Query($query, NULL, 'db_Select_gen', $debug, $log_type, $log_remark)) === false)
        {    // Failed query
            $this->dbError('db_Select_gen('.$query.')');
            return false;
        }
        elseif ($this->mySQLresult === TRUE)
        {    // Successful query which may return a row count (because it operated on a number of rows without returning a result set)
            if(preg_match('#^(DELETE|INSERT|REPLACE|UPDATE)#',$query, $matches))
            {
                /** @var PDOStatement $resource */
                $resource = $this->mySQLresult;
                $tmp = $resource->rowCount();
                $this->dbError('db_Select_gen');
                return $tmp;
            }
            $this->dbError('db_Select_gen');        // No row count here
            return TRUE;
        }
        else
        {    // Successful query which does return a row count - get the count and return it
            $this->dbError('db_Select_gen');
            return $this->rowCount();
        }
    }


    /**
     * @param $matches
     * @return string
     */
    function ml_check($matches)
    {
        $table = $this->hasLanguage($matches[1]);
        if($this->tabset == false)
        {
            $this->mySQLcurTable = $table;
            $this->tabset = true;
        }

        return " ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table.substr($matches[0],-1);
    }






    /**
    * Check for the existence of a matching language table when multi-language tables are active.
    * @param string|array $table Name of table, without the prefix. or an array of table names.
    * @access private
    * @return array|false|string the name of the language table (eg. lan_french_news) or an array of all matching language tables. (with mprefix)
    */
    public function hasLanguage($table, $multiple=false)
    {
        //When running a multi-language site with english included. English must be the main site language.
        // WARNING!!! false is critical important - if missed, expect dead loop (prefs are calling db handler as well when loading)
        // Temporary solution, better one is needed
        $core_pref = $this->getConfig();
        //if ((!$this->mySQLlanguage || !$pref['multilanguage'] || $this->mySQLlanguage=='English') && $multiple==false)
        if ((!$this->mySQLlanguage || !$core_pref->get('multilanguage') || !$core_pref->get('sitelanguage') /*|| $this->mySQLlanguage==$core_pref->get('sitelanguage')*/) && $multiple==false)
        {
              return $table;
        }

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        if($multiple == false)
        {
            $mltable = "lan_".strtolower($this->mySQLlanguage.'_'.$table);
            return ($this->isTable($table,$this->mySQLlanguage) ? $mltable : $table);
        }
        else // return an array of all matching language tables. eg [french]->e107_lan_news
        {
            if(!is_array($table))
            {
                $table = array($table);
            }

            if(!$this->mySQLtableList)
            {
                $this->mySQLtableList = $this->_getTableList();
            }

            $lanlist = array();

            foreach($this->mySQLtableList as $tab)
            {

                 if(strpos($tab,"lan_") === 0)
                {
                    list($tmp,$lng,$tableName) = explode("_",$tab,3);

                    foreach($table as $t)
                    {
                        if($tableName == $t)
                        {
                            $lanlist[$lng][$this->mySQLPrefix.$t] = $this->mySQLPrefix.$tab; // prefix needed.
                        }

                    }
                  }
            }

            if(empty($lanlist))
            {
                return false;
            }
            else
            {
                return $lanlist;
            }


        }
    // -------------------------


    }



    /**
    * @return array
    * @param string fields to retrieve
    * @desc returns fields as structured array
    * @access public
    * @return array rows of the database as an array.
    */
    function rows($fields = 'ALL', $amount = false, $maximum = false, $ordermode=false)
    {
        $list = array();
        $counter = 1;
        while ($row = $this->fetch())
        {
            foreach($row as $key => $value)
            {
                if (is_string($key))
                {
                    if (strtoupper($fields) == 'ALL' || in_array ($key, $fields))
                    {
                        if(!$ordermode)
                        {
                            $list[$counter][$key] = $value;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            $list[$row[$ordermode]][$key] = $value;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if ($amount && $amount == $counter || ($maximum && $counter > $maximum))
            {
                break;
            }
            $counter++;
        }
        return $list;
    }




    /**
     * Return the maximum value for a given table/field
     * @param $table (without the prefix)
     * @param $field
     * @param string $where (optional)
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function max($table, $field, $where='')
    {
        $qry = "SELECT MAX(".$field.") FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table;

        if(!empty($where))
        {
            $qry .= " WHERE ".$where;
        }

        return $this->retrieve($qry);

    }


    /**
     * Return a sorted list of parent/child tree with an optional where clause.
     * @param string $table Name of table (without the prefix)
     * @param string $parent Name of the parent field
     * @param string $pid  Name of the primary id
     * @param string $where (Optional ) where condition.
     * @param string $order Name of the order field.
     * @todo Add extra params to each procedure so we only need 2 of them site-wide.
     * @return boolean | integer with the addition of  _treesort and _depth fields in the results.
     */
    public function selectTree($table, $parent, $pid, $order, $where=null)
    {

        if(empty($table) || empty($parent) || empty($pid))
        {
            $this->mySQLlastErrText = "missing variables in sql->categories()";
            return false;
        }

        $sql = "DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `getDepth` ;";

        $this->gen($sql);

        $sql = "
        CREATE FUNCTION `getDepth` (project_id INT) RETURNS int
        BEGIN
            DECLARE depth INT;
            SET depth=1;

            WHILE project_id > 0 DO

                SELECT IFNULL(".$parent.",-1)
                INTO project_id
                FROM ( SELECT ".$parent." FROM `#".$table."` WHERE ".$pid." = project_id) AS t;

                IF project_id > 0 THEN
                    SET depth = depth + 1;
                END IF;

            END WHILE;

            RETURN depth;

        END
        ;
        ";


        $this->gen($sql);

        $sql = "DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `getTreeSort`;";

        $this->gen($sql);

        $sql = "
        CREATE FUNCTION getTreeSort(incid INT)
        RETURNS CHAR(255)
        BEGIN
                SET @parentstr = CONVERT(incid, CHAR);
                SET @parent = -1;
                label1: WHILE @parent != 0 DO
                        SET @parent = (SELECT ".$parent." FROM `#".$table."` WHERE ".$pid." =incid);
                        SET @order = (SELECT ".$order." FROM `#".$table."` WHERE ".$pid." =incid);
                        SET @parentstr = CONCAT(if(@parent = 0,'',@parent), LPAD(@order,4,0), @parentstr);
                        SET incid = @parent;
                END WHILE label1;

                RETURN @parentstr;
        END
   ;

        ";


        $this->gen($sql);

        $qry =  "SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS *, getTreeSort(".$pid.") as _treesort, getDepth(".$pid.") as _depth FROM `#".$table."` ";

        if($where !== null)
        {
            $qry .= " WHERE ".$where;
        }


        $qry .= " ORDER BY _treesort";


        return $this->gen($qry);


    }




    /**
    * @return integer
    * @desc returns total number of queries made so far
    * @access public
    */
    public function queryCount()
    {
        return $this->queryCount;
    }


    /**
     * Multi-language Query Function. Run a query on the same table across all languages.
     * @param $query
     * @param bool $debug
     * @return bool
     */
    public function db_Query_all($query, $debug=false)
    {
        $error = "";

        $query = str_replace("#", $this->mySQLPrefix, $query);

        if(!$this->db_Query($query))
        {  // run query on the default language first.
            $error .= $query. " failed";
        }

        $table = array();
        $search = array();

        $tmp = explode(" ",$query); // split the query

          foreach($tmp as $val)
        {
               if(strpos($val,$this->mySQLPrefix) !== false) // search for table names references using the mprefix
            {
                $table[] = str_replace(array($this->mySQLPrefix,"`"),"", $val);
                $search[] = str_replace("`","",$val);
            }
        }

        if(empty($table) || empty($search))
        {
            return false;
        }

     // Loop thru relevant language tables and replace each tablename within the query.

        if($tablist = $this->hasLanguage($table, true))
        {
            foreach($tablist as $key=>$tab)
            {
                $querylan = $query;

                foreach($search as $find)
                {
                    $replace = ($tab[$find] !="") ? $tab[$find] : $find;
                         $querylan = str_replace($find,$replace,$querylan);
                }

                if(!$this->db_Query($querylan)) // run query on other language tables.
                {
                    $error .= $querylan." failed for language";
                }

                 if($debug){ echo "<br />** lang= ".$querylan; }
            }
        }


        return ($error) ? false : true;
    }



    /**
     *    Return a list of the field names in a table.
     *
     *    @param string $table - table name (no prefix)
     *    @param string $prefix - table prefix to apply. If empty, MPREFIX is used.
     *    @param boolean $retinfo = false - just returns array of field names. TRUE - returns all field info
     *    @return array|boolean - false on error, field list array on success
     */
    public function fields($table, $prefix = '', $retinfo = false)
    {


        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        if ($prefix == '')
        {
             $prefix = $this->mySQLPrefix;
        }

        if (false === ($result = $this->gen('SHOW COLUMNS FROM '.$prefix.$table)))
        {
            return false;        // Error return
        }
        $ret = array();

        if ($this->rowCount() > 0)
        {
            while ($row = $this->fetch())
            {
                if ($retinfo)
                {
                    $ret[$row['Field']] = $row['Field'];
                }
                else
                {
                    $ret[] = $row['Field'];
                }
            }
        }
        return $ret;
    }


    /**
     * @return int
     */
    function columnCount()
    {
        /** @var PDOStatement $resource */
        $resource = $this->mySQLresult;
        return $resource->columnCount();

    }



    /**
     *    Determines if a plugin field (and key) exist. OR if fieldid is numeric - return the field name in that position.
     *
     *    @param string $table - table name (no prefix)
     *    @param string $fieldid - Numeric offset or field/key name
     *    @param string $key - PRIMARY|INDEX|UNIQUE - type of key when searching for key name
     *    @param boolean $retinfo = false - just returns true|false. TRUE - returns all field info
     *    @return array|boolean - false on error, field information on success
     */
    function field($table,$fieldid="",$key="", $retinfo = false)
    {

        $convert = array("PRIMARY"=>"PRI","INDEX"=>"MUL","UNIQUE"=>"UNI");
        $key = (isset($convert[$key])) ? $convert[$key] : "OFF";

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        $result = $this->gen("SHOW COLUMNS FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table);
        if ($result && ($this->rowCount() > 0))
        {
            $c=0;
            while ($row = $this->fetch())
            {
                if(is_numeric($fieldid))
                {
                    if($c == $fieldid)
                    {
                        if ($retinfo) return $row;
                        return $row['Field']; // field number matches.
                    }
                }
                else
                {    // Check for match of key name - and allow that key might not be used
                    if(($fieldid == $row['Field']) && (($key == "OFF") || ($key == $row['Key'])))
                    {
                        if ($retinfo) return $row;
                        return true;
                    }
                }
                $c++;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }


    /**
     *    Determines if a table index (key) exist.
     *
     *    @param string $table - table name (no prefix)
     *    @param string $keyname - Name of the key to
     *  @param array $fields - OPTIONAL list of fieldnames, the index (key) must contain
     *    @param boolean $retinfo = false - just returns true|false. TRUE - returns all key info
     *    @return array|boolean - false on error, key information on success
     */
    function index($table, $keyname, $fields=null, $retinfo = false)
    {


        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        if (!empty($fields) && !is_array($fields))
        {
            $fields = explode(',', str_replace(' ', '', $fields));
        }
        elseif(empty($fields))
        {
            $fields = array();
        }

        $check_field = count($fields) > 0;

        $info = array();
        $result = $this->gen("SHOW INDEX FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table);
        if ($result && ($this->rowCount() > 0))
        {
            $c=0;
            while ($row = $this->fetch())
            {
                // Check for match of key name - and allow that key might not be used
                if($keyname == $row['Key_name'])
                {
                    // a key can contain severeal fields which are returned as 1 row per field
                    if (!$check_field)
                    {   // Check only for keyname
                        $info[] = $row;
                    }
                    elseif ($check_field && in_array($row['Column_name'], $fields))
                    {   // Check also for fieldnames
                        $info[] = $row;
                    }
                    $c++;
                }
            }

            if (count($info) > 0)
            {
                // Kex does not consist of all keys
                if ($check_field && $c != count($fields)) return false;
                // Return full information
                if ($retinfo) return $info;
                // Return only if index was found
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }


    /**
     * @param $table
     * @return array  field name => key name
     */
    private function _getUnique($table)
    {

        $unique = array();

        $result = $this->retrieve("SHOW INDEXES FROM #".$table, true);
        foreach($result as $row)
        {
            $notUnique = (int) $row['Non_unique'];

            if(!$notUnique)
            {
                $field = $row['Column_name'];
                $unique[$field] = $row['Key_name'];
            }

        }

        return $unique;
    }



    /**
     * A pointer to mysql_real_escape_string() - see http://www.php.net/mysql_real_escape_string
     *
     * @param string $data
     * @return string
     */
    function escape($data, $strip = true)
    {
/*
        if ($strip)
        {
            $data = strip_if_magic($data);
        }*/

        $this->_getMySQLaccess();

        return $data;

    }




    /**
     * Verify whether a table exists, without causing an error
     *
     * @param string $table Table name without the prefix
     * @param string $language (optional) leave blank to search for a regular table, or language-name to search for a language table.
     * @example $sql->isTable('news','Spanish');
     * @return boolean TRUE if exists
     *
     * NOTES: Slower (28ms) than "SELECT 1 FROM" (4-5ms), but doesn't produce MySQL errors.
     * Multiple checks on a single page will only use 1 query. ie. faster on multiple calls.
     */
    public function isTable($table, $language='')
    {

        $table = strtolower($table); // precaution for multilanguage

        if(!empty($language)) //ie. is it a language table?
        {
            $sitelanguage = $this->getConfig()->get('sitelanguage');

            if($language == $sitelanguage)
            {
                 return false;
            }

            if(!isset($this->mySQLtableListLanguage[$language]))
            {
                $this->mySQLtableListLanguage = $this->_getTableList($language);
            }

            return in_array('lan_'.strtolower($language)."_".$table,$this->mySQLtableListLanguage[$language]);
        }
        else // regular search
        {
            if(!$this->mySQLtableList)
            {
                $this->mySQLtableList = $this->_getTableList();
            }

            return in_array($table,$this->mySQLtableList);
        }

    }


    /**
     * Check if a database table is empty or not.
     * @param $table
     * @return bool
     */
    function isEmpty($table=null)
    {
        if(empty($table))
        {
            return false;
        }

        $result = $this->gen("SELECT NULL FROM ".$this->mySQLPrefix.$table." LIMIT 1");

        if($result === 0)
        {
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }




    /**
     * Populate mySQLtableList and mySQLtableListLanguage
     * TODO - better runtime cache - use e107::getRegistry() && e107::setRegistry()
     * @return array
     */
    private function _getTableList($language='')
    {

        $database = !empty($this->mySQLdefaultdb) ? "FROM  `".$this->mySQLdefaultdb."`" : "";
        $prefix = $this->mySQLPrefix;

        if(strpos($prefix, ".") !== false) // eg. `my_database`.$prefix
        {
            $tmp = explode(".",$prefix);
            $prefix = $tmp[1];
        }

        if($language)
        {
            if(!isset($this->mySQLtableListLanguage[$language]))
            {
                $table = array();
                if($res = $this->db_Query("SHOW TABLES ".$database." LIKE '".$prefix."lan_".strtolower($language)."%' "))
                {
                    while($rows = $this->fetch('num'))
                    {
                        $table[] = str_replace($prefix,"",$rows[0]);
                    }
                }

                return array($language =>$table);
            }
            else
            {
                return $this->mySQLtableListLanguage[$language];
            }
        }

        if(!$this->mySQLtableList)
        {
            $table = array();

            if($res = $this->db_Query("SHOW TABLES ".$database." LIKE '".$prefix."%' "))
            {
                $length = strlen($prefix);
                while($rows = $this->fetch('num'))
                {
                    $table[] = substr($rows[0],$length);
                }
            }
            return $table;
        }
        else
        {
            return $this->mySQLtableList;
        }
    }


    /**
     *
     */
    public function resetTableList()
    {
        $this->mySQLtableList = array();
        $this->mySQLtableListLanguage = array();
    }




    /**
     * Return a filtered list of DB tables.
     * @param object $mode [optional] all|lan|nolan|nologs
     * @return array
     */
    public function tables($mode='all')
    {

        if(!$this->mySQLtableList)
        {
            $this->mySQLtableList = $this->_getTableList();
        }

        if($mode == 'nologs')
        {
            $ret = array();
            foreach($this->mySQLtableList as $table)
            {
                if(substr($table,-4) != '_log' && $table != 'download_requests')
                {
                    $ret[] = $table;
                }

            }

            return $ret;
        }


        if($mode == 'all')
        {
            return $this->mySQLtableList;
        }

        if($mode == 'lan' || $mode=='nolan')
        {
            $nolan = array();
            $lan = array();

            foreach($this->mySQLtableList as $tab)
            {
                if(strpos($tab,'lan_') === 0)
                {
                    $lan[] = $tab;
                }
                else
                {
                    $nolan[] = $tab;
                }
            }

            return ($mode == 'lan') ? $lan : $nolan;
        }

        return array();
    }


    /**
     * Duplicate a Table Row in a table.
     */
    function copyRow($table, $fields = '*', $args='')
    {
        if(!$table || !$args )
        {
            return false;
        }

        for ($retries = 0; $retries < 3; $retries ++) {
            list($fieldList, $fieldList2) = $this->generateCopyRowFieldLists($table, $fields);

            if (empty($fieldList)) {
                $this->mysqlLastErrText = "copyRow \$fields list was empty";
                return false;
            }

            $beforeLastInsertId = $this->lastInsertId();
            $query = "INSERT INTO " . $this->mySQLPrefix . $table .
                "(" . $fieldList . ") SELECT " .
                $fieldList2 .
                " FROM " . $this->mySQLPrefix . $table .
                " WHERE " . $args;
            $id = $this->gen($query);
            $lastInsertId = $this->lastInsertId();
            if ($beforeLastInsertId !== $lastInsertId) break;
        }

        return ($id && $lastInsertId) ? $lastInsertId : false;
    }

    /**
     * Determine before and after fields for a table
     * @param $table string Table name, without the prefix
     * @param $fields string Field list in query format (i.e. separated by commas) or all of them ("*")
     * @return array Index 0 is before and index 1 is after
     */
    private function generateCopyRowFieldLists($table, $fields)
    {
        if ($fields !== '*') return array($fields, $fields);

        $fieldList = $this->db_FieldList($table);
        $unique = $this->_getUnique($table);

        $flds = array();
        // randomize fields that must be unique.
        foreach ($fieldList as $fld) {
            if (isset($unique[$fld])) {
                $flds[] = $unique[$fld] === 'PRIMARY' ? 0 :
                    "'rand-" . e107::getUserSession()->generateRandomString('***********') . "'";
                continue;
            }

            $flds[] = $fld;
        }

        $fieldList = implode(",", $fieldList);
        $fieldList2 = implode(",", $flds);
        return array($fieldList, $fieldList2);
    }


    /**
     * @param string $oldtable
     * @param string $newtable
     * @param bool $drop
     * @param bool $data
     * @return bool|int
     */
    public function copyTable($oldtable, $newtable, $drop = false, $data = false)
    {
        $old = $this->mySQLPrefix.strtolower($oldtable);
        $new = $this->mySQLPrefix.strtolower($newtable);

        if ($drop)
        {
            $this->gen("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS {$new}");
        }

        //Get $old table structure
        $this->gen('SET SQL_QUOTE_SHOW_CREATE = 1');

        $qry = "SHOW CREATE TABLE {$old}";
        if ($this->gen($qry))
        {
            $row = $this->fetch('num');
            $qry = $row[1];
            //        $qry = str_replace($old, $new, $qry);
            $qry = preg_replace("#CREATE\sTABLE\s`?".$old."`?\s#", "CREATE TABLE {$new} ", $qry, 1); // More selective search
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }

        if(!$this->isTable($newtable))
        {
            $result = $this->db_Query($qry);
        }

        if ($data) //We need to copy the data too
        {
            $qry = "INSERT INTO {$new} SELECT * FROM {$old}";
            $result = $this->gen($qry);
        }
        return $result;
    }


    /**
     * Drop/delete table and all it's data
     * @param string $table name without the prefix
     * @return bool|int
     */
    public function dropTable($table)
    {
        $name = $this->mySQLPrefix.strtolower($table);
        return $this->gen("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ".$name);
    }

    /**
     * Dump MySQL Table(s) to a file in the Backup folder.
     * @param $table string - name without the prefix or '*' for all
     * @param $file string - optional file name. or leave blank to generate.
     * @param $options - additional preferences.
     * @return string|bool backup file path.
     */
    function backup($table='*', $file='', $options=null)
    {
/*
        if($this->pdo === false)
        {
            $this->mysqlLastErrText = "PDO is required to use the mysql backup() method";
            return false;
        }*/

    //    $dbtable         = $this->mySQLdefaultdb;
        $fileName        = ($table =='*') ? str_replace(" ","_",SITENAME) : $table;
        $fileName         = preg_replace('/[\W]/',"",$fileName);

        $backupFile     = ($file) ? e_BACKUP.$file  :  e_BACKUP.strtolower($fileName)."_".$this->mySQLPrefix.date("Y-m-d-H-i-s").".sql";

        if($table === '*')
        {
            $nolog         = vartrue($options['nologs']) ? 'nologs' : 'all';
            $tableList     = $this->tables($nolog);
        }
        else
        {
            $tableList     = explode(",",$table);
        }

        if(!empty($options['gzip']))
        {
            $backupFile .= '.gz';
        }


   //     include_once(dirname(__FILE__) . '/Ifsnop/Mysqldump/Mysqldump.php');

        $dumpSettings = array(
            'compress'                      => !empty($options['gzip']) ? Ifsnop\Mysqldump\Mysqldump::GZIP : Ifsnop\Mysqldump\Mysqldump::NONE,
            'include-tables'                => array(),
            'no-data'                       => false,
            'add-drop-table'                => !empty($options['droptable']) ? true : false,
            'single-transaction'            => true,
            'lock-tables'                   => true,
            'add-locks'                     => true,
            'extended-insert'               => true,
            'disable-foreign-keys-check'    => true,
            'skip-triggers'                 => false,
            'add-drop-trigger'              => true,
            'databases'                     => false,
            'add-drop-database'             => false,
            'hex-blob'                      => true,
            'reset-auto-increment'          => false,
        );

        foreach($tableList as $tab)
        {
            $dumpSettings['include-tables'][] = $this->mySQLPrefix.trim($tab);
        }


        try
        {
            $dump = new Ifsnop\Mysqldump\Mysqldump("mysql:host={$this->mySQLserver};port={$this->mySQLport};dbname={$this->mySQLdefaultdb}", $this->mySQLuser, $this->mySQLpassword, $dumpSettings);
            $dump->start($backupFile);
            return $backupFile;
        }
        catch (\Exception $e)
        {
            $this->mysqlLastErrText = 'mysqldump-php error: ' .$e->getMessage();
            return false;
        }


    }











    /**
    * @return string relating to error (empty string if no error)
    * @param string $from
    * @desc Calling method from within this class
    * @access private
    */
    function dbError($from)
    {

        $this->mySQLerror = true;

        if($this->mySQLlastErrNum === 0)
        {
            return null;
        }

        return $from." :: ".$this->mySQLlastErrText;


    }


    // Return error number for last operation

    /**
     * @return int
     */
    function getLastErrorNumber()
    {
        return $this->mySQLlastErrNum;        // Number of last error
    }

    // Return error text for last operation

    /**
     * @return string
     */
    function getLastErrorText()
    {
        return $this->mySQLlastErrText;        // Text of last error (empty string if no error)
    }

    /**
     * @return void
     */
    function resetLastError()
    {
        $this->mySQLlastErrNum = 0;
        $this->mySQLlastErrText = '';
    }

    /**
     * Returns the last database query used.
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLastQuery()
    {
        return $this->mySQLlastQuery;
    }


    /**
     * @return void
     */
    private function setSQLMode()
    {
        $this->db_Query("SET SESSION sql_mode='NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';");
        /**
         * Disable PHP 8.1 PDO result set typing casting for consistency with PHP 5.6 through 8.0
         * @link https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/4025cf2875f895e9f7193cebb1c8efa4290d052e/UPGRADING#L130-L134
         */
        $this->mySQLaccess->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_STRINGIFY_FETCHES, true);
    }



    /**
     * Set Database charset to utf8mb4
     *
     * @access private
     */
    public function setCharset($charset = 'utf8mb4')
    {
        $this->db_Query("SET NAMES `$charset`");

        $this->mySQLcharset = $charset;
    }


    /**
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getCharset()
    {
        require_once(e_HANDLER."db_verify_class.php");
        return (new db_verify())->getIntendedCharset($this->mySQLcharset);
    }


    /**
     * Set the database language
     * @param string $lang French, German etc.
     */
    public function setLanguage($lang)
    {
        $this->mySQLlanguage = $lang;
    }

    /**
     * Get the current database language. eg. English, French etc.
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLanguage()
    {
        return $this->mySQLlanguage;
    }

    /**
     *    Get the _FIELD_DEFS and _NOTNULL definitions for a table
     *<code>
     *    The information is sought in a specific order:
     *        a) In our internal cache
     *        b) in the directory e_CACHE_DBDIR - file name $tableName.php
     *        c) An override file for a core or plugin-related table. If found, the information is copied to the cache directory
     *            For core overrides, e_ADMIN.'core_sql/db_field_defs.php' is searched
     *            For plugins, $pref['e_sql_list'] is used as a search list - any file 'db_field_defs.php' in the plugin directory is earched
     *        d) The table structure is read from the DB, and a definition created:
     *            AUTOINCREMENT fields - ignored (or integer)
     *            integer type fields - 'int' processing
     *            character/string type fields - todb processing
     *            fields which are 'NOT NULL' but have no default are added to the '_NOTNULL' list
     *</code>
     *    @param string $tableName - table name, without any prefixes (language or general)
     *    @return boolean|array - false if not found/not to be used. Array of field names and processing types and null overrides if found
     */
    public function getFieldDefs($tableName)
    {
        if (!isset($this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName]))
        {
            if (is_readable(e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php'))
            {
                $temp = file_get_contents(e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php');
                if ($temp !== false)
                {
                    $typeDefs = e107::unserialize($temp);
                    unset($temp);
                    $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] = $typeDefs;
                }
            }
            else
            {        // Need to try and find a table definition
                $searchArray = array(e_CORE.'sql/db_field_defs.php');
                // e107::getPref() shouldn't be used inside db handler! See hasLanguage() comments
                $sqlFiles = (array) $this->getConfig()->get('e_sql_list', array()); // kill any PHP notices
                foreach ($sqlFiles as $p => $f)
                {
                    $searchArray[] = e_PLUGIN.$p.'/db_field_defs.php';
                }
                unset($sqlFiles);
                $found = false;
                foreach ($searchArray as $defFile)
                {
                    //echo "Check: {$defFile}, {$tableName}<br />";
                    if ($this->loadTableDef($defFile, $tableName))
                    {
                        $found = TRUE;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!$found)
                {    // Need to read table structure from DB and create the file
                    $this->makeTableDef($tableName);
                }
            }
        }
        return $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName];
    }


    /**
     *    Search the specified file for a field type definition of the specified table.
     *    If found, generate and save a cache file in the e_CACHE_DB directory,
     *    Always also update $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] - false if not found, data if found
     *    @param    string $defFile - file name, including path
     *    @param    string $tableName - name of table sought
     *    @return boolean TRUE on success, false on not found (some errors intentionally ignored)
     */
    protected function loadTableDef($defFile, $tableName)
    {
        $result =false;

        if (is_readable($defFile))
        {
            // Read the file using the array handler routines
            // File structure is a nested array - first level is table name, second level is either false (for do nothing) or array(_FIELD_DEFS => array(), _NOTNULL => array())
            $temp = file_get_contents($defFile);
            // Strip any comments  (only /*...*/ supported)
            $temp = preg_replace("#\/\*.*?\*\/#ms", '', $temp);
            //echo "Check: {$defFile}, {$tableName}<br />";
            if ($temp !== false)
            {
            //    $array = e107::getArrayStorage();
                $typeDefs = e107::unserialize($temp);

                unset($temp);
                if (isset($typeDefs[$tableName]))
                {
                    $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] = $typeDefs[$tableName];

                    $fileData = e107::serialize($typeDefs[$tableName], false);

                    if (false === file_put_contents(e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php', $fileData))
                    {    // Could do something with error - but mustn't return false - would trigger auto-generated structure

                    }

                    $result = true;
                }
            }
        }

        if (!$result)
        {
            $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] = false;
        }
        return $result;
    }


    /**
     *    Creates a field type definition from the structure of the table in the DB
     *    Generate and save a cache file in the e_CACHE_DB directory,
     *    Also update $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] - false if error, data if found
     *    @param    string $tableName - name of table sought
     *    @return array|boolean array on success, false on not found (some errors intentionally ignored)
     */
    protected function makeTableDef($tableName)
    {
        require_once(e_HANDLER.'db_table_admin_class.php');
        $dbAdm = new db_table_admin();

        $baseStruct = $dbAdm->get_current_table($tableName);
        $baseStruct = isset($baseStruct[0][2]) ? $baseStruct[0][2] : null;
        $fieldDefs = $dbAdm->parse_field_defs($baseStruct);                    // Required definitions
        if (!$fieldDefs) return false;

        $outDefs = $dbAdm->make_field_types($fieldDefs);

        $this->dbFieldDefs[$tableName] = $outDefs;
        $toSave = e107::serialize($outDefs, false);    // 2nd parameter to TRUE if needs to be written to DB

        if (false === file_put_contents(e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php', $toSave))
        {    // Could do something with error - but mustn't return false - would trigger auto-generated structure
            $mes = e107::getMessage();
            $mes->addDebug("Error writing file: ".e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php'); //Fix for during v1.x -> 2.x upgrade.
            // echo "Error writing file: ".e_CACHE_DB.$tableName.'.php'.'<br />';
        }

        return empty($outDefs) ? false : $outDefs;

    }

    /**
     * In case e_db_mysql::$mySQLaccess is not set, set it.
     *
     * Uses the global variable $db_ConnectionID if available.
     *
     * When the global variable has been unset like in https://github.com/e107inc/e107-test/issues/6 ,
     * use the "mySQLaccess" from the default e_db_mysql instance singleton.
     */
    private function _getMySQLaccess()
    {
        if (!$this->mySQLaccess)
        {
            $success = $this->connect($this->mySQLserver, $this->mySQLuser, $this->mySQLpassword);
            if ($success) $success = $this->database($this->mySQLdefaultdb, $this->mySQLPrefix);
            if (!$success) throw new PDOException($this->mySQLlastErrText);
        }
    }



}

/**
 * Backwards compatibility
 */
class db extends e_db_pdo
{

}