Advisory: CVE-2020-10663

Criticality: High

URL: https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2020/03/19/json-dos-cve-2020-10663/

Solution: upgrade to >= 2.3.0

Advisory: CVE-2022-45442

Criticality: High

URL: https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/security/advisories/GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw

Solution: upgrade to ~> 2.2.3, >= 3.0.4

Advisory: CVE-2023-22792

URL: https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.0.4.1

Solution: upgrade to >= 5.2.8.15, ~> 5.2.8, >= 6.1.7.1, ~> 6.1.7, >= 7.0.4.1

Advisory: CVE-2022-23514

Criticality: High

URL: https://github.com/flavorjones/loofah/security/advisories/GHSA-486f-hjj9-9vhh

Solution: upgrade to >= 2.19.1

Advisory: CVE-2017-1000248

Criticality: Critical

URL: https://github.com/redis-store/redis-store/commit/ce13252c26fcc40ed4935c9abfeb0ee0761e5704

Solution: upgrade to >= 1.4.0

Advisory: CVE-2022-29970

Criticality: High

URL: https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/1683

Solution: upgrade to >= 2.2.0

This cop checks that the ABC size of methods is not higher than the configured maximum. The ABC size is based on assignments, branches (method calls), and conditions. See http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?AbcMetric

This cop checks if the length of a method exceeds some maximum value. Comment lines can optionally be ignored. The maximum allowed length is configurable.

This cop checks if the length of a method exceeds some maximum value. Comment lines can optionally be ignored. The maximum allowed length is configurable.

This cop checks that the cyclomatic complexity of methods is not higher than the configured maximum. The cyclomatic complexity is the number of linearly independent paths through a method. The algorithm counts decision points and adds one.

An if statement (or unless or ?:) increases the complexity by one. An else branch does not, since it doesn't add a decision point. The && operator (or keyword and) can be converted to a nested if statement, and ||/or is shorthand for a sequence of ifs, so they also add one. Loops can be said to have an exit condition, so they add one.

This cop tries to produce a complexity score that's a measure of the complexity the reader experiences when looking at a method. For that reason it considers when nodes as something that doesn't add as much complexity as an if or a &&. Except if it's one of those special case/when constructs where there's no expression after case. Then the cop treats it as an if/elsif/elsif... and lets all the when nodes count. In contrast to the CyclomaticComplexity cop, this cop considers else nodes as adding complexity.

Example:

def my_method                   # 1
  if cond                       # 1
    case var                    # 2 (0.8 + 4 * 0.2, rounded)
    when 1 then func_one
    when 2 then func_two
    when 3 then func_three
    when 4..10 then func_other
    end
  else                          # 1
    do_something until a && b   # 2
  end                           # ===
end                             # 7 complexity points

This cop checks if the length of a block exceeds some maximum value. Comment lines can optionally be ignored. The maximum allowed length is configurable. The cop can be configured to ignore blocks passed to certain methods.

Cognitive Complexity

Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

• Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
• Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
• Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

Further reading

• Cognitive Complexity docs
• Cognitive Complexity: A new way of measuring understandability

Advisory: CVE-2019-5419

Criticality: High

URL: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/GN7w9fFAQeI

Solution: upgrade to >= 6.0.0.beta3, >= 5.2.2.1, ~> 5.2.2, >= 5.1.6.2, ~> 5.1.6, >= 5.0.7.2, ~> 5.0.7, >= 4.2.11.1, ~> 4.2.11

Advisory: CVE-2017-9050

Criticality: High

URL: https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/issues/1673

Solution: upgrade to >= 1.8.1

Advisory: CVE-2018-3760

Criticality: High

URL: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/ruby-security-ann/2S9Pwz2i16k

Solution: upgrade to < 3.0.0, >= 2.12.5, < 4.0.0, >= 3.7.2, >= 4.0.0.beta8

Advisory: CVE-2018-1000201

Criticality: High

URL: https://github.com/ffi/ffi/releases/tag/1.9.24

Solution: upgrade to >= 1.9.24

Advisory: CVE-2018-3741

URL: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/rubyonrails-security/tP7W3kLc5u4/uDy2Br7xBgAJ

Solution: upgrade to >= 1.0.4

Advisory: CVE-2019-5418

Criticality: High

URL: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/pFRKI96Sm8Q

Solution: upgrade to >= 4.2.11.1, ~> 4.2.11, >= 5.0.7.2, ~> 5.0.7, >= 5.1.6.2, ~> 5.1.6, >= 5.2.2.1, ~> 5.2.2, >= 6.0.0.beta3

Advisory: CVE-2018-7212

URL: https://github.com/sinatra/sinatra/pull/1379

Solution: upgrade to >= 2.0.1, ~> 1.5.4