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uses|Kharkiv (disambiguation)|Kharkov (disambiguation)}}\n{{Infobox settlement\n|name=Kharkiv\n|native_name
= <small>\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432</small>\n|image_skyline=Kharkiv
montage (2015).png\n|imagesize=\n|image_caption=''''''Counterclockwise:''''''
[[Dormition Cathedral, Kharkiv|Assumption Cathedral]] (big image), Kharkiv
city council, [[National University of Kharkiv]], [[Taras Shevchenko]] monument,
[[Kharkiv Railway station]], [[Derzhprom]]\n|settlement_type = [[City of
regional significance (Ukraine)|City of regional significance]]\n|image_flag=Kharkiv-town-flag.svg\n|image_shield=Kharkiv-town-herb.svg\n|shield_size =
90px\n|image_blank_emblem = \n|image_map = <!-- Charkiw-Ukraine-Map.png -->\n|nickname=The
First Capital,<ref>[http://old.atn.ua/newsread.php?id=2042&mode=print \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f
\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430]. \u0410\u0422\u041d, 19 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f
2002 \u0433. {{ru icon}}</ref>{{efn|group=1|Kharkiv was a capital of the [[Soviet
Ukraine]] for some 15 years in 1919\u20131934.}} Smart City\n|map_caption =
\n| pushpin_map = Ukraine Kharkiv Oblast#Ukraine\n| pushpin_label =
Kharkiv\n| pushpin_label_position = \n| pushpin_map_alt = \n| pushpin_map_caption =
\n|subdivision_type = Country\n|subdivision_name = {{UKR}}\n|subdivision_type1 =
[[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]\n|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Kharkiv Oblast}}\n|subdivision_type2 =
[[Administrative divisions of Ukraine|Municipality]]\n|subdivision_name2 =
Kharkiv City Municipality\n|leader_title = Mayor\n|leader_name =
[[Hennadiy Kernes]]<ref>\n[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/300596.html
Kernes wins elections for Kharkiv mayor with over 65% of vote], [[Interfax-Ukraine]]
(31 October 2015)<br>[http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-economics/1480141-kurchenko_to_finance_kharkivs_preparations_for_eurobasket_2015_301524.html
FC Metalist President Kurchenko to invest in Kharkiv\u2019s preparations for
EuroBasket 2015], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (8 April 2013)</ref>\n|leader_title2
= [[People''s Deputy of Ukraine|MPs]]:\n|leader_name2 = [[Oleksandr Feldman]]
<br />Anatoliy Denisenko<br /> Volodymyr Mysyk<br /> [[Vitaliy Khomutynnik]]<br
/> [[Dmytro Svyatash]]<br /> Oleksandr Kirsch ([[People''s Front (Ukraine)|PF]])<br
/> Valery Pisarenko\n|established_title = Founded\n|established_date =
1654<ref name=KUW231114>[http://ukrainianweek.com/History/123906 What Makes
Kharkiv Ukrainian], ''''[[The Ukrainian Week]]'''' (23 November 2014)</ref>\n|established_title2 =\n|established_date2 =
\n|parts_type = [[#Government and administrative divisions|Districts]]\n|parts_style =
<!-- Use \"list\" (for list), \"coll\" (for collapsed list), \"para\" (for
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Novobavarskyi Raion\n|p3 = Kyivskyi Raion\n|p4 =
Slobidskyi Raion\n|p5 = Holodnohirskyi Raion\n|p6 =
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350\n|population_as_of = 2014\n|population_total = 1,439,036 {{decrease}}\n|population_metro =
1,732,400\n|population_density_km2 = 4500\n|timezone = EET\n|utc_offset =
+2\n|timezone_DST = EEST\n|utc_offset_DST = +3\n|coordinates =
{{coord|50|0|16|N|36|13|53|E|type:city_region:UA|display=inline,title}}\n|elevation_m =
152\n|population_demonym = Kharkivite<ref>[http://www.ukrweekly.com/old/archive/1998/099820.shtml
Ukraine''s second Winter Olympics: one medal, some good performances], [[The
Ukrainian Weekly]] (1 March 1998)</ref>\n|postal_code_type = Postal
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[[Bologna]], [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], [[Kaunas]], [[Lille]], [[Moscow]],
[[Nizhny Novgorod]], [[Nuremberg]], [[Pozna\u0144]], [[St. Petersburg]], [[Tianjin]],
[[Jinan]], [[Kutaisi]], [[Varna]], [[Rishon LeZion]], [[Brno]], [[Daugavpils]]</small>\n|website =
{{URL|city.kharkov.ua/en/}}\n|footnotes =\n}}{{Spoken Wikipedia|City
of Kharkiv State of Ukraine Recorded by Viktor O Ledenyov.ogg|2016-01-07}}\n''''''Kharkiv''''''
({{lang-uk|\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432}}, {{IPA-uk|\u02c8x\u0251rkiu\u032f|pron}}<ref
name=Britannica>{{cite web|url= http://www.britannica.com/place/Kharkiv-Ukraine
|title= Kharkiv on Encyclop\u00e6dia Britannica - current edition |publisher=
Britannica.com |date= |accessdate= 20 April 2012}}</ref>, Russian: \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432,
Kharkov) is the second-largest city in [[Ukraine]].<ref name=\"Kharkiv: #2
+ situation October 2014\">[http://www.euronews.com/2014/10/23/kharkiv-never-had-eastern-western-conflicts/
Kharkiv \"never had eastern-western conflicts\"], ''''[[Euronews]]'''' (23
October 2014)</ref> In the northeast of the country, it is the largest city
of the [[Sloboda Ukraine|Slobozhanshchyna]] historical region. Kharkiv is
the [[administrative centre]] of [[Kharkiv Oblast]] and of the surrounding
[[Kharkiv Raion]], though administratively it is incorporated as a [[city
of regional significance (Ukraine)|city of oblast significance]] and does
not belong to the raion. Population: {{Ua-pop-est2017|1, 439,036}}\n\nThe
city was founded in 1654 and after a humble beginning as a small fortress
grew to be a major centre of Ukrainian industry, trade and culture in the
[[Russian Empire]].\n\nKharkiv was the first capital of the [[Ukrainian Soviet
Socialist Republic]], from December 1919 to January 1934, after which the
capital relocated to [[Kiev]].<ref name=\"George O. Liber 1992\">{{cite book|first=George|last=Liber|title=Soviet
Nationality Policy, Urban Growth, and Identity Change in the Ukrainian SSR,
1923-1934|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2oqThmrFCfwC&pg=PA160|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge
University Press}}</ref>\n\nPresently, Kharkiv is a major cultural, scientific,
educational, transport and industrial centre of Ukraine, with 6 museums, 7
theatres and 80 libraries.\n\nIts industry specializes primarily in [[machinery]]
and in [[electronics]]. There are hundreds of industrial companies in the
city, including the [[Morozov Design Bureau]] and the [[Malyshev Tank Factory]]
(leaders in world [[tank]] production from the 1930s to the 1980s); [[Khartron]]
([[aerospace]] and [[nuclear power plant]]s automation [[electronics]]); the
[[Turboatom]] ([[turbine]]s for the hydro-, thermal- and nuclear-power plants),
and [[Antonov]] (the multipurpose aircraft manufacturing plant).\n\n==Name==\nSome
sources indicate that the city may have been named after the Hunnic name for
''swan'': ''''kharka''''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rtm.ua/en/aboutcompany/rtminukrainemap/kharkivregion|title=Etymology
of the name Kharkiv|work=rtm.ua|date=1 April 2010|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref>{{Better
source|reason=Russian and Ukrainian Wikipedia cite more than 15 theories,
and this one doesn''t feature. The source is an advertising company.|date=May
2015}} Other sources offer that the city was named after its near-legendary
founder, ''''Kharko'''' (a [[diminutive]] form of the name [[Chariton (name)|Chariton]],
{{lang-uk|\u0425\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043d}},<ref name=KUW231114/>
or [[Zechariah (given name)|Zechariah]], {{lang-uk|\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0439}}).<ref
name=\"wikisource\">{{cite web|url=https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9._%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%97%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F._1798.pdf/175|publisher=uk.wikisource.org|title=\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u043d\u043a\u0430:\u041a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439.
\u0415\u043d\u0435\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0439
\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u044a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0457\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f.
1798.pdf/175 \u2014 \u0412\u0456\u043a\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n==History==\n{{see also|Timeline of Kharkiv}}\n[[File:Charkow.jpg|thumb|150px|19th-century
view of Kharkiv, with the [[Assumption Cathedral, Kharkiv|Assumption Cathedral]]
belltower dominating the skyline.]]\n[[File:Sumskayaa street,Kharkiv.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Sumska
Street]] is the main thoroughfare of Kharkiv]]\nCultural artifacts date back
to the [[Bronze Age]], as well as those of later [[Scythians|Scythian]] and
[[Sarmatians|Sarmatian]] settlers. There is also evidence that the [[Chernyakhov
culture]] flourished in the area from the second to the sixth centuries. {{Citation
needed|date=June 2017}}\n\n===Establishment===\nThe city was founded by re-settlers
who were running away from the war that engulfed [[Right-bank Ukraine]] in
1654 (see [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]]).<ref name=KUW231114/> The years before
the region was a sparsely populated part of the [[Cossack Hetmanate]].<ref
name=\"Solchanyk2001\">{{cite book|author=Roman Solchanyk|title=Ukraine and
Russia: The Post-Soviet Transition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LNvTSDQXFXgC&pg=PA6|accessdate=31
March 2015|date=January 2001|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7425-1018-0|page=6}}</ref>
The group of people came onto the banks of [[Lopan River|Lopan]] and [[Kharkiv
River|Kharkiv]] rivers where an abandoned settlement stood.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\">{{uk
icon}} [http://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2012/06/9/88316/ \u0416\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0439
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432. \u041d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0456\u044f
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c-\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043c
(Living Kharkiv. Nightly excursion through the host-city)] [[Ukrayinska Pravda]].
June 9, 2012</ref> According to archive documents, the leader of the re-settlers
was [[otaman]] Ivan Kryvoshlyk.<ref name=KUW231114/>\n\nAt first the settlement
was self-governed under the jurisdiction of a [[voivode]] from [[Chuhuiv]]
that is {{convert|40|km|mi}} to the east.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The
first appointed voivode from [[Moscow]] was Voyin Selifontov in 1656 who started
to build a local [[Ostrog (fortress)|ostrog]] (fort).<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
At that time the population of Kharkiv was just over 1000, half of whom were
local cossacks, while Selifontov brought along a Moscow garrison of another
70 servicemen.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The first Kharkiv voivode was
replaced in two years after constantly complaining that locals refused to
cooperate in building the fort.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> Kharkiv also
became the centre of the local Sloboda cossack regiment as the area surrounding
the [[Belgorod]] fortress was being heavily militarized. With the resettlement
of the area by Ukrainians it came to be known as [[Sloboda Ukraine]], most
of which was included under the jurisdiction of the Razryad [[Prikaz]] (Military
Appointment) headed by a [[okolnichy|district official]] from [[Belgorod]].
By 1657 the Kharkiv settlement had a fortress<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
with underground passageways.\n\nIn 1658 Ivan Ofrosimov was appointed as the
new voivode, who worked on forcing locals to kiss the cross to show loyalty
to the Moscow tsar.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The locals led by their
[[otaman]] Ivan Kryvoshlyk refused.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> However,
with the election of the new otaman Tymish Lavrynov the community (hromada)
sent a request to the tsar to establish a local Assumption market, signed
by [[Dean (Christianity)|deans]] of Kharkiv churches (the [[Assumption Cathedral,
Kharkiv|Assumption Cathedral]] and parish churches of Annunciation and Trinity).<ref
name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> Relationships with the neighboring [[Chuhuiv]] sometimes
were non-friendly and often their arguments were pacified by force.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
With the appointment of the third voivode Vasiliy Sukhotin was completely
finished the construction of the city fort.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n\nMeanwhile,
Kharkiv had become the centre of [[Sloboda Ukraine]].<ref name=KvUah5e/>\n\n===Kharkiv
Fortress===\n[[File:(29) ST ASSUMPTION ORTHODOX CATHEDRAL IN CITY OF KHARKIV
STATE OF UKRAINE PHOTOGRAPH BY VIKTOR O LEDENYOV 20160616.jpg|thumb|150px|View
of [[Assumption Cathedral, Kharkov|Holy Assumption Orthodox Cathedral]] in
Kharkiv]]\n[[File:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0434\u043e\u043c.jpg|thumb|150px|Intercession Cathedral with bell tower
and Ozeryanskaya church (right) built in Kharkiv in 1689]]\n[[File:(30) VIEW
ON PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE OVER KHARKIV RIVER IN CITY OF KHARKIV STATE OF UKRAINE
PHOTOGRAPH BY VIKTOR O LEDENYOV 20160616.jpg|thumb|150px|View of modern pedestrian
bridge over Kharkiv River in Kharkiv]]\nThe Kharkiv Fortress was erected around
the [[Assumption Cathedral, Kharkiv|Assumption Cathedral]] and its castle
was at [[University Hill, Kharkiv|University Hill]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
It was between today''s streets: vulytsia Kvitky-Osnovianenko, Constitution
Square, Rose Luxemburg Square, Proletarian Square, and Cathedral Descent.<ref
name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The fortress had 10 towers: Chuhuivska Tower, Moskovska
Tower, Vestovska Tower, Tainytska Tower, Lopanska Corner Tower, Kharkivska
Corner Tower and others.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The tallest was Vestovska,
some {{convert|16|m|ft}} tall,<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> while the shortest
one was Tainytska which had a secret well {{convert|35|m|ft}} deep.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
The fortress had the Lopanski Gates.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n\nIn 1689
the fortress was expanded and included the Saint-Pokrov Cathedral and Monastery
which was baptized<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> and became the center of
local eparchy. Coincidentally in the same year in the vicinity of Kharkiv
in [[Kolomak]], [[Ivan Mazepa]] was announced the [[Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks|Hetman
of Ukraine]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> Next to the Saint-Pokrov Cathedral
was located the Kharkiv Collegiate that was transferred from [[Belgorod]]
to Kharkiv in 1726.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n\n===In the Russian Empire===\nIn
the course of the [[administrative divisions of Russia in 1708\u20131710|administrative
reform]] carried out in 1708 by [[Peter the Great]], the area was included
into [[Kiev Governorate]]. Kharkiv is specifically mentioned as one of the
towns making a part of the governorate.<ref name=\"1708List\">{{cite web|url=http://constitution.garant.ru/history/act1600-1918/2005/|script-title=\u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437
\u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438
\u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043e \u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438
\u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432, 1708
\u0433., \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 18 |trans-title=Decree
on the establishment of Provinces and cities assigned to them, December 18,
1708|language=ru|website=constitution.garant.ru|accessdate=31 March 2015}}</ref>
In 1727, [[Belgorod Governorate]] was split off, and Kharkiv moved to Belgoro
Governorate. It was the center of a separate administrative unit, [[Kharkiv
Sloboda Cossack regiment]]. The regiment at some point was detached from Belgorod
Governorate, then attached to it again, until in 1765, [[Sloboda Ukraine Governorate]]
was established with the seat in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"voronezh\">{{cite web|url=http://arsvo.ru/arkhivnaya-sluzhba/istoriya-administrativno-territorialnogo-deleniya-voronezhskogo-kraya-2-voronezhs|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525173851/http://arsvo.ru/arkhivnaya-sluzhba/istoriya-administrativno-territorialnogo-deleniya-voronezhskogo-kraya-2-voronezhs|archivedate=25
May 2013|script-title=ru:\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f. 2. \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f|trans-title=History of the
Administrative-Territorial Division of the Voronezh Region. 2. Voronezh Province.|publisher=Archive
service of Voronezh Oblast|language=Russian|accessdate=10 June 2012}}</ref>\n\n[[Kharkiv
University]] was established in 1805 in the Palace of [[Governorate-General]].<ref
name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n[[Aleksander Mickiewicz|Alexander Mikolajewicz
Mickiewicz]], brother of [[Adam Mickiewicz]] was a professor of law in the
university, another celebrity [[Goethe]] searched for instructors for the
school.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> In 1906 [[Ivan Franko]] received a doctorate
in Russian linguistics here.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/short/2011/08/23/53238/|script-title=uk:\u0423
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438
\u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0443
\u0406\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0443|trans-title=A
memorial plaque to Ivan Franko was unveiled in Kharkiv|language=uk|publisher=Istpravda.com.ua|date=23
August 2011|accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref>\n\nThe streets were first cobbled
in the city centre in 1830.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/artefacts/2011/01/24/17847/|script-title=uk:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432
\u0456 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432''\u044f\u043d\u0438 XIX-\u0433\u043e
\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0447\u0447\u044f|trans-title=Kharkiv and Kharkiv
denizens in 19th century photos|language=uk|publisher=Istpravda.com.ua|date=24
January 2011|accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> In 1844 the {{convert|90|m|ft}}
tall Alexander Bell Tower was built next to the first Assumption Cathedral,
which on November 16, 1924 was transformed into a [[radio tower]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>
A system of running water was established in 1870. The Cathedral Descent at
one time carried the name of another local trader Vasyl Ivanovych Pashchenko-Tryapkin
as Pashchenko Descent.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> Pashchenko even leased
a space to the city council (duma) and was the owner of the city \"Old Passage\",
the city''s biggest trade center.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> After his
death in 1894 Pashchenko donated all his possessions to the city.<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n\nKharkiv
became a major industrial centre and with it a centre of Ukrainian culture.
In 1812, the first Ukrainian newspaper was published there. {{Citation needed|date=July
2016}} One of the first [[Prosvita]]s in Eastern Ukraine was also established
in Kharkiv. A powerful nationally aware political movement was also established
there and the concept of an Independent Ukraine was first declared there by
the lawyer [[Mykola Mikhnovsky]] in 1900.\n\nSoon after the [[Crimean War]],
in 1860\u201361 number of [[hromada (secret society)|hromada]] societies sprung
up across the Ukrainian cities including Kharkiv.<ref name=hromada>{{cite
web|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CH%5CR%5CHromadas.htm|title=Hromadas|publisher=[[Encyclopedia
of Ukraine]]|accessdate=14 January 2016}}</ref> Among the most prominent hromada
members in Kharkiv was [[Alexander Potebnja|Oleksandr Potebnia]], a native
of [[Sloboda Ukraine]].<ref name=hromada/> Beside the old hromada, in Kharkiv
also existed several student hromadas members of which were future political
leaders of Ukraine such as [[Borys Martos]], [[Dmytro Antonovych]] and many
others.<ref name=hromada/> One of the [[University of Kharkiv]] graduates
[[Oleksandr Kovalenko (soldier)|Oleksandr Kovalenko]] was one of initiators
of the mutiny on [[Russian battleship Potemkin]] being the only officer who
supported the in-rank sailors.\n\n===Soviet period===\n[[File:(42) DERZHPROM
BUILDING IN CITY OF KHARKIV STATE OF UKRAINE PHOTOGRAPH BY VIKTOR O LEDENYOV
20160621.jpg|thumb|150px| View of renovated [[Derzhprom]] building]]\n[[File:Piatykhatky.jpg|thumb|150px|Memorial
to the thousands of Ukrainian intellectuals murdered by the [[NKVD]] in 1937\u201338]]\nWhen
the [[Tsentralna Rada]] announced the establishment of the [[Ukrainian People''s
Republic]] in November 1917 it envisioned the [[Sloboda Ukraine Governorate]]
to be part of it.<ref name=KUW231114/> In December 1917 Kharkiv became the
first city in Ukraine occupied by the [[Soviet power|Soviet]] [[Group of forces
in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia|troops]] of [[Vladimir
Antonov-Ovseyenko]].<ref name=\"hdU Katchanovski\">[https://books.google.com/books?id=-h6r57lDC4QC&pg=PA713&dq=kharkiv+antonov+1917&hl=nl&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj-8a2jl9LJAhVEeA8KHfjwDuY4ChDoAQgaMAA#v=onepage&q=kharkiv%20antonov%201917&f=false
Historical Dictionary of Ukraine (Historical Dictionaries of Europe)] by [[Ivan
Katchanovski]], [[Scarecrow Press]] (Publication date: July 11, 2013), {{ISBN|0810878453}}
(page 713)</ref> The [[Bolsheviks]] in the Tsentralna Rada moved to Kharkiv
shortly after to make it their stronghold and formed their own Rada on 13
December 1917.<ref name=\"hdU Katchanovski\"/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CuLpivm5lDsC&pg=PA7&dq=bolsheviks+moved+to+Kharkiv&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=7N6JVOz0OIbyUr22g-AP&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=bolsheviks%20moved%20to%20Kharkiv&f=false
Literary Politics in the Soviet Ukraine, 1917\u20131934]. Durham and London:
Duke University Press. {{ISBN|0-8223-1099-6}} (page 7)</ref> By February 1918
Bolshevik forces had [[Russian Civil War|captured much of Ukraine]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=2YqjfHLyyj8C&pg=PA1195&dq=bolsheviks+moved+to+Kharkiv+soviet+Ukraine&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=ouGJVNi7D4Ou7gbjr4HoBA&ved=0CFsQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=bolsheviks%20moved%20to%20Kharkiv%20soviet%20Ukraine&f=false
World War I: A Student Encyclopedia]. [[ABC-CLIO]]. p. 1195. {{ISBN|978-1-85109-879-8}}</ref>
In February 1918 Kharkiv became the capital of the [[Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet
Republic]]; but this entity was disbanded six weeks later.<ref>[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2014/05/22/ukraine-phony-war/
Ukraine: The Phony War?], [[The New York Review of Books]] (27 April 2014)</ref>
In April 1918 the [[German Army (German Empire)|German army]] occupied Kharkiv.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=hYbw25xe-FwC&pg=PP121&dq=Central+Rada+Kharkiv+German&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=NcuIVKDcCMfkarOKgiA&ved=0CGQQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Central%20Rada%20Kharkiv%20German&f=false
Spies and Commissars: The Early Years of the Russian Revolution]. PublicAffairs.
{{ISBN|1-61039-140-3}}.</ref> And according to the February 1918 [[Treaty
of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine\u2013Central Powers)|Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]] between
the Ukrainian People''s Republic and the [[Central Powers]] it became part
of the Ukrainian People''s Republic.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=pt03BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA205&dq=Kharkiv+German+1918&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=s86IVIMtlNhqvIGB6AQ&ved=0CF4Q6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Kharkiv%20German%201918&f=false
Borderlands into Bordered Lands: Geopolitics of Identity in Post-Soviet Ukraine
(Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society, Vol. 98) (Volume 98)], [[Ibidem
Verlag]], 2010, {{ISBN|383820042X}} (page 24)</ref> Early January 1919 Bolshevik
forces captured Kharkiv.<ref name=KvUah5e>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ktyM07I9HXwC&pg=PT338&dq=Kharkiv+German+November+1918&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=N9KIVOT5MYfvapr4gagG&ved=0CGUQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Kharkiv%20German%20November%201918&f=false
Ukraine: A History 4th Edition] by [[Orest Subtelny]], [[University of Toronto
Press]], 2009, {{ISBN|1442609915}}</ref> Mid-June 1919 [[Anton Denikin]]''s
[[White movement]] [[Volunteer Army]] captured the city.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=H1jsgYCoRioC&pg=PA97&dq=Denikin+Kharkiv&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=t9OIVOfkBtPSaKnwgtgL&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Denikin%20Kharkiv&f=false
The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression], [[Harvard University
Press]], 858 pages, {{ISBN|0-674-07608-7}}, page 97</ref> In December 1919
the Bolshevik [[Red Army]] recaptured Kharkiv.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=hV1h0_iMrE4C&pg=PA101&dq=Denikin+December+1919+Kharkiv&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=ytWIVKrdMYOBUcnFg9AF&ved=0CFUQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Denikin%20December%201919%20Kharkiv&f=false
The A to Z of the Russo-Japanese War]. [[Scarecrow Press Inc]]. {{ISBN|978-0-8108-6841-0}}
(page 101)</ref>\n\nPrior to the formation of the [[Soviet Union]], [[Bolshevik]]s
established Kharkiv as the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Ukrainian
SSR|Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (from 1919 to 1934) in opposition
to the [[Ukrainian People''s Republic]] with its capital of [[Kiev]].<ref>{{cite
web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/articles/2012/01/25/69897/ |title=\u0414\u043e\u043d\u0431\u0430\u0441
\u0456 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0430 (\u0437 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457
\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044c\u0431\u0438
1917\u201318 \u0440\u0440.) (Donbas and Ukraine. (From articles and declarations
of Mykola Skrypnyk)) |publisher=Istpravda.com.ua |date= |accessdate=21 July
2012}}</ref>\n[[File:Pamiatnyk.jpg|thumb|150px|upright|Monument to the [[persecuted
bandurists|persecuted kobzars]] in Kharkiv]]\nAccording to linguist [[George
Shevelov]], in the early 1920s the share of [[secondary schools]] teaching
in the [[Ukrainian language]] was lower than the share of the [[Kharkiv Oblast]]s
ethnic [[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]] population,<ref>[http://balticworlds.com/games-from-the-past/
Games from the Past: The continuity and change of the identity dynamic in
Donbas from a historical perspective ], [[S\u00f6dert\u00f6rn University]]
(May 19, 2014)</ref> even though the [[Soviet Union]] had ordered that all
schools in the [[Ukrainian SSR]] should be Ukrainian speaking (as part of
its [[Ukrainization]] policy).<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Nn3xDTiL0PQC&pg=PA1&dq=official+languages+Soviet+Union&client=firefox-a&cd=6#v=onepage&q=%22official%20language%22&f=false
Language Policy in the Soviet Union] by [[Lenore Grenoble]], [[Springer Science+Business
Media]], 2003, {{ISBN|978-1-4020-1298-3}} (page 84)</ref>\n\nAs the country''s
capital, it underwent intense expansion with the construction of buildings
to house the newly established Ukrainian Soviet government and administration.
[[Derzhprom]] was the second tallest building in Europe and the tallest in
the Soviet Union at the time with a height of {{convert|63|m|ft}}.<ref>{{cite
web|url=http://www.kharkov.ua/culture/2b.html |title=Derzhprom statistics
|publisher=Kharkov.ua |date= |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref> In the 1920s,
a {{convert|150|m|ft}} wooden radio tower was built on top of the building.
The Roentgen Institute was established in 1931.<ref name=\"Socialist Health
Association\">{{cite news|last1=Khwaja|first1=Barbara|title=Health Reform
in Revolutionary Russia|url=https://www.sochealth.co.uk/2017/05/26/health-reform-revolutionary-russia/|accessdate=26
May 2017|publisher=Socialist Health Association|date=26 May 2017}}</ref> During
the interwar period the city saw the spread of architectural [[Constructivism
(art)|constructivism]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> One of the best representatives
of it was the already mentioned Derzhprom, the Building of the Red Army, the
Ukrainian Polytechnic Institute of Distance Learning (UZPI), the City Council
building, with its massive asymmetric tower, the central department store
that was opened on the 15th Anniversary of the [[October Revolution]].<ref
name=\"living_kharkiv\"/> The same year on November 7, 1932 the building of
Noblemen Assembly was transformed into the building of [[Central Executive
Committee of Ukraine|All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/><ref>{{cite
web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/artefacts/2012/04/28/82906/#10 |title=Picture
of the building in the Vsesvit magazine |publisher=Istpravda.com.ua |date=2012-04-30
|accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/artefacts/2010/11/7/3319/#13
|title=Photos of the newspaper \"Proletarian\" for 1932-33 |publisher=Istpravda.com.ua
|date= |accessdate=21 July 2012}}</ref>\n\nIn 1928, the SVU ([[Union for the
Freedom of Ukraine process|Union for the Freedom of Ukraine]]) process was
initiated and court sessions were staged in the Kharkiv Opera (now the Philharmonia)
building. Hundreds of Ukrainian intellectuals were arrested and deported.\n\nIn
the early 1930s, the [[Holodomor]] famine drove many people off the land into
the cities, and to Kharkiv in particular, in search of food. Many people died
and were secretly buried in mass graves in the cemeteries surrounding the
city.\n[[File:Kharkiv-Katyn2.jpg|thumb|150px|Memorial to the thousands of
Polish officers executed by the NKVD in Kharkiv as part of the [[Katyn massacre|Katyn]]
massacre]]\nIn 1934 hundreds of Ukrainian writers, intellectuals and
cultural workers were arrested and executed in the attempt to eradicate all
vestiges of Ukrainian nationalism in Art. The purges continued into 1938.
Blind Ukrainian street musicians were also gathered in Kharkiv and murdered
by the NKVD.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CFqB2_OX_oQC&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=Stalin+Ukrainian+minstrels+Kharkiv&source=bl&ots=Ry-gE1y5zI&sig=_0anaLEThATAiaaa4OwwPp7Wh9w&hl=nl&ei=TVr0SsOxNs3G4QaD8b3pAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Stalin%20Ukrainian%20minstrels%20Kharkiv&f=false
Ukrainian minstrels: and the blind shall sing] by Natalie Kononenko, M.E.
Sharp, {{ISBN|0-7656-0144-3}}/{{ISBN|978-0-7656-0144-5}}, page 116</ref>\nIn
January 1934 the capital of the Ukrainian SSR was moved from Kharkiv to Kiev.<ref
name=\"George O. Liber 1992\"/>\n\nDuring April and May 1940 about 3,900 Polish
prisoners of [[Starobelsk]] camp were executed in the Kharkiv [[NKVD]] building,
later secretly buried on the grounds of an NKVD pansionat in [[Piatykhatky,
Kharkiv|Pyatykhatky]] forest (part of the [[Katyn massacre]]) on the outskirts
of Kharkiv.<ref name=\"Fischer\">[[Benjamin B. Fischer|Fischer, Benjamin B.]],
\"[https://web.archive.org/web/20000816221054/http://www.cia.gov/csi/studies/winter99-00/art6.html
The Katyn Controversy: Stalin''s Killing Field]\", ''''[[Studies in Intelligence]]'''',
Winter 1999\u20132000, last accessed on 10 December, 2005</ref> The site
also contains the numerous bodies of Ukrainian cultural workers who were arrested
and shot in the 1937\u201338 Stalinist purges.\n\n===German occupation===\n[[File:23
August Lane Kharkov.JPG|thumb|150px|Memorial to 23 August 1943, the end of
German occupation during World War II]]\nDuring [[World War II]], Kharkiv
was the site of several military engagements (see below). The city was captured
and recaptured by [[Nazi Germany]] on 24 October 1941;<ref name=\"kharkiv_at_war\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.istpravda.com.ua/artefacts/2011/04/3/34315/ |title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432
\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0432 \"\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\" \u041b\u044e\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438
\u0413\u0443\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e (Kharkiv at times of \"matured
childhood\" of Lyudmila Gurchenko) |publisher=Istpravda.com.ua |date= |accessdate=21
July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.andersval.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6267&Itemid=190
|title=Kharkiv through the eyes of Lyudmila Gurchenko |publisher=Andersval.nl
|date=2011-03-31 |accessdate=15 July 2012}}</ref> there was a disastrous [[Red
Army]] offensive that failed to capture the city in May 1942;<ref>The Red
Army committed 765,300 men to this offensive, suffering 277,190 casualties
(170,958 killed/missing/PoW, 106,232 wounded) and losing 652 tanks, and 4,924
guns and mortars. Glantz, David M., ''''Kharkov 1942, anatomy of a military
disaster through Soviet eyes'''', pub Ian Allan, 1998, {{ISBN|0-7110-2562-2}}
page 218.</ref><ref>per [[Robert M. Citino]], author of \"Death of the Wehrmacht\",
and other sources, the Red Army came to within a few miles of Kharkiv on 14
May 1942 by Soviet forces under [[Semyon Timoshenko|Marshal Timoshenko]] before
being driven back by German forces under Field Marshal [[Fedor von Bock]],
p. 100</ref> the city was successfully retaken by the Soviets on 16 February
1943, captured for a second time by the Germans on 15 March 1943 and then
finally liberated on 23 August 1943. Seventy percent of the city was destroyed
and tens of thousands of the inhabitants were killed. {{Citation needed|date=July
2016}}\nKharkiv, the third largest city in the Soviet Union, was the most
populous city in the Soviet Union captured by the Germans, since in the years
preceding World War II, [[Kiev]] was by population the smaller of the two.\n\nThe
significant Jewish population of Kharkiv (Kharkiv''s Jewish community prided
itself with the second largest synagogue in Europe) suffered greatly during
the war. Between December 1941 and January 1942, an estimated 30,000 people{{citation
needed|date=July 2016}} (slightly more than half Jewish) were killed and buried
in a mass grave by the Germans in a ravine outside of town named [[Drobytsky
Yar]].\n\nDuring [[Eastern Front (World War II)|World War II]], four battles
took place for control of the city:\n* [[First Battle of Kharkov]]\n* [[Second
Battle of Kharkov]]\n* [[Third Battle of Kharkov]]\n* [[Fourth Battle of Kharkov]]
(''''see also'''' [[Operation Polkovodets Rumyantsev]])\n\nBefore the occupation,
Kharkiv''s [[Malyshev Factory|tank industries]] were evacuated to the [[Urals]]
with all their equipment, and became the heart of [[Red Army]]''s tank programs
(particularly, producing the [[T-34]] tank earlier designed in Kharkiv). These
enterprises returned to Kharkiv after the war, and continue to produce tanks.\n\nOf
the population of 700,000 that Kharkiv had before the start of World War II,
120,000 became [[Ost-Arbeiter]] ([[slave]] worker) in Germany, 30,000 were
executed and 80,000 starved to death during the war.<ref name=KvUah5e/>\n\n===Post-World
War II===\nIn the post-World War II period many of the destroyed homes and
factories were rebuilt. From the [[constructivism (art)|constructivism]] the
city was planned to be rebuilt in the style of [[Stalinist architecture|Stalinist
Classicism]].<ref name=\"living_kharkiv\"/>\n\nAn airport was built in 1954.
Following the war Kharkiv was the third largest scientific-industrial centre
in the former USSR (after Moscow and [[Leningrad]]).\n\n===In independent
Ukraine===\n[[File:IMG 2428 zerk.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Zerkal\u02b9naya struya|Mirror
Stream]] fountain]]\n\nBy its territorial expansion on September 6, 2012 the
city increased its area from about {{convert|310|to|350|km2|abbr=out}}.<ref>{{cite
web|url=http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T125215.html |title=\u041f\u0440\u043e
\u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0443 \u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f
\u043c\u0435\u0436 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432,
\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0447\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0456 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457
\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 |publisher=Search.ligazakon.ua
|date=2012-09-18 |accessdate=12 March 2013}}</ref>\n\nA well-known landmark
of Kharkiv is the [[Freedom Square, Kharkiv|Freedom Square]] (''''Ploshcha
Svobody'''' formerly known as ''''Dzerzhinsky Square''''), which is the sixth
largest city square in Europe, and the [[List of city squares by size|12th
largest square in the world]].\n\nThere is an underground [[Kharkiv Metro|rapid-transit
system]] (metro) with about {{convert|38.1|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} of track and
29 stations. The new \"Victory\" underground station (no. 30) was opened
in Kharkiv on 19 August 2016. All the underground stations have very special
distinctive architectures.\n\nKharkiv was a host city for the [[UEFA Euro
2012]], and hosted three group soccer matches at the reconstructed [[Metalist
Stadium]].\n\nA large number of the Orthodox cathedrals were built in Kharkiv
in the 1990s and 2000s. {{Citation needed|date=July 2016}}For example, the
Peace Bringing Wives Orthodox cathedral, the St. Vladimir Orthodox cathedral,
St. Tamara Orthodox cathedral, etc.\n\nIn 2007, the Vietnamese minority in
Kharkiv built the largest Buddhist temple in Europe on a 1 hectare plot with
a monument to [[Ho Chi Minh]].<ref>In\u2191 \u00ab\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u00bb,21
December 2007.</ref>\n\nThe Gor''ky park was fully renovated in Kharkiv in
the 2000s, having a big number of modern attractions, a lake with lilies and
the sport facilities to play tennis, football, beach volleyball, and basketball.\n\nThe
Feldman park was created in Kharkiv in recent years, containing a big collection
of animals, horses, etc.\n\n==Geography==\n[[File:Kharkiv, Ukraine, city and
vicinities, LandSat-5 satellite image, near natural colors, 2011-06-18.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Kharkiv
and vicinities, LandSat-5 satellite image, near natural colors, 2011-06-18]]\n\nKharkiv
is located at the banks of the [[Kharkiv River|Kharkiv]], [[Lopan River|Lopan]],
and [[Udy River|Udy]] rivers, where they flow into the [[Seversky Donets]]
watershed in the North-Eastern region of Ukraine.\n\nHistorically, Kharkiv
lies in the [[Sloboda Ukraine]] region (''''Slobozhanshchyna'''' also known
as ''''Slobidshchyna'''') in Ukraine, in which it is considered as a main
city.\n\nThe approximate dimensions of City of Kharkiv are:\nfrom the North
to the South - 24.3 km;\nfrom the West to the East \u2014 25.2 km.\n\nBased
on Kharkiv''s topography, the city can be conditionally divided on the four
lower districts and the four higher districts.\n\nThe highest point over the
sea level in Pyatikhatky in Kharkiv is 202m, the lowest point over the sea
level in Novoselivka in Kharkiv is 94m. {{Citation needed|date=May 2017}}\n\nKharkiv
lies in the large valley of rivers of [[Kharkiv River|Kharkiv]], [[Lopan River|Lopan'']],
[[Udy River|Udy]], and Nemyshlya. This valley lies from the North West to
the South East between the Mid Russian highland and Donetsk lowland. All the
rivers interconnect in Kharkiv and flow into the river of [[Seversky Donets|Northern
Donets]]. A special system of the concrete and metal dams was designed and
built by engineers to regulate the water level in the rivers in Kharkiv. {{Citation
needed|date=March 2017}}\n\nKharkiv has a large number of the green city parks
with the long history of more than 100 years with very old oak trees and many
flowers. {{Citation needed|date=November 2016}}\n\n===Climate===\nKharkiv''s
climate is [[Humid continental climate|humid continental]] ([[K\u00f6ppen
climate classification]] ''''Dfb'''') with cold and snowy winters as well
as the dry and hot summers.\n\nKharkiv has rather sunny warm summers which,
however, are relatively mild compared to temperatures in South European regions,
due to the region''s lower elevation, proximity to the Black Sea, and the
city''s [[latitude]]. In other words, Kharkiv experiences the warm summers,
interrupted by only occasional, brief intervals of stormy rain conditions.
{{Citation needed|date=August 2016}}\n\nKharkiv has relatively long and cold
winters.\n\nThe average rainfall totals {{convert|513|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} per
year, with the most in June and July.\n\n{{Weather box\n|location=Kharkiv,
Ukraine (1981\u22122010)\n|metric first=yes\n|single line=yes\n| Jan record
high C = 11.0\n| Feb record high C = 14.6\n| Mar record high C = 21.8\n| Apr
record high C = 30.5\n| May record high C = 34.5\n| Jun record high C = 36.8\n|
Jul record high C = 37.6\n| Aug record high C = 39.8\n| Sep record high C
= 33.7\n| Oct record high C = 29.3\n| Nov record high C = 20.3\n| Dec record
high C = 13.4\n|year record high C = 39.8\n| Jan high C = -2.2\n| Feb high
C = -1.6\n| Mar high C = 4.3\n| Apr high C = 14.0\n| May high C = 20.8\n|
Jun high C = 24.3\n| Jul high C = 26.4\n| Aug high C = 25.7\n| Sep high C
= 19.4\n| Oct high C = 12.0\n| Nov high C = 3.6\n| Dec high C = -1.1\n|year
high C = 12.1\n| Jan mean C = -4.6\n| Feb mean C = -4.5\n| Mar mean C = 0.7\n|
Apr mean C = 9.2\n| May mean C = 15.6\n| Jun mean C = 19.3\n| Jul mean C =
21.3\n| Aug mean C = 20.3\n| Sep mean C = 14.4\n| Oct mean C = 7.9\n| Nov
mean C = 0.9\n| Dec mean C = -3.5\n|year mean C = 8.1\n| Jan low C = -7.0\n|
Feb low C = -7.3\n| Mar low C = -2.4\n| Apr low C = 4.6\n| May low C = 10.3\n|
Jun low C = 14.2\n| Jul low C = 16.2\n| Aug low C = 14.9\n| Sep low C = 9.8\n|
Oct low C = 4.3\n| Nov low C = -1.5\n| Dec low C = -5.9\n|year low C = 4.2\n|
Jan record low C = -35.6\n| Feb record low C = -29.8\n| Mar record low C =
-32.2\n| Apr record low C = -11.4\n| May record low C = -1.9\n| Jun record
low C = 2.2\n| Jul record low C = 5.7\n| Aug record low C = 2.2\n| Sep record
low C = -2.9\n| Oct record low C = -9.1\n| Nov record low C = -20.9\n| Dec
record low C = -30.8\n|year record low C = -35.6\n|precipitation colour =
green\n| Jan precipitation mm = 36\n| Feb precipitation mm = 33\n| Mar precipitation
mm = 33\n| Apr precipitation mm = 34\n| May precipitation mm = 50\n| Jun precipitation
mm = 61\n| Jul precipitation mm = 61\n| Aug precipitation mm = 43\n| Sep precipitation
mm = 45\n| Oct precipitation mm = 45\n| Nov precipitation mm = 40\n| Dec precipitation
mm = 36\n|year precipitation mm = 517\n| Jan rain days = 10\n| Feb rain days
= 8\n| Mar rain days = 10\n| Apr rain days = 13\n| May rain days = 14\n| Jun
rain days = 15\n| Jul rain days = 13\n| Aug rain days = 10\n| Sep rain days
= 12\n| Oct rain days = 13\n| Nov rain days = 13\n| Dec rain days = 12\n|year
rain days = 143\n| Jan snow days = 19\n| Feb snow days = 18\n| Mar snow days
= 12\n| Apr snow days = 2\n| May snow days = 0.1\n| Jun snow days = 0\n| Jul
snow days = 0\n| Aug snow days = 0\n| Sep snow days = 0.03\n| Oct snow days
= 2\n| Nov snow days = 9\n| Dec snow days = 18\n|year snow days = 80\n| Jan
humidity = 86\n| Feb humidity = 83\n| Mar humidity = 77\n| Apr humidity =
66\n| May humidity = 61\n| Jun humidity = 65\n| Jul humidity = 65\n| Aug humidity
= 63\n| Sep humidity = 70\n| Oct humidity = 78\n| Nov humidity = 86\n| Dec
humidity = 87\n|year humidity = 74\n| Jan sun = 51\n| Feb sun = 65\n| Mar
sun = 108\n| Apr sun = 162\n| May sun = 238\n| Jun sun = 263\n| Jul sun =
273\n| Aug sun = 247\n| Sep sun = 185\n| Oct sun = 124\n| Nov sun = 47\n|
Dec sun = 31\n|year sun = 1794\n|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name=weather1>{{cite
web\n| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/34300.htm\n| title = Weather
and Climate - The Climate of Kharkiv\n| publisher = Weather and Climate (\u041f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430
\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442)\n| accessdate = 3 December 2013\n|
language = Russian}}</ref>\n|source 2= NOAA (sun only 1961\u20131990)<ref
name = NOAA>{{cite web\n| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/UP/34300.TXT\n|
title = Har''Kov (Kharkiv) Climate Normals 1961\u20131990\n| publisher = [[National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]\n| accessdate = 13 October 2015}}</ref>
\n|date=August 2010\n}}\n\n===Cityscape===\n{{wide image|(43)_PANORAMIC_VIEW_ON_CENTRAL_DISTRICT_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|1300px|<div
class=\"center\">''''</div>|Panoramic view of central district in Kharkiv,
showing the Northern building of V. N. Karazin National University, Kharkiv
Palace hotel building, and Kharkiv hotel buildings.}}\n\n{{wide image|(44)_PANORAMIC_VIEW_ON_CENTRAL_DISTRICT_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|1300px|<div
class=\"center\">''''</div>|Panoramic view of central district in Kharkiv,
showing the Derzhprom building, multiple apartment buildings, and Northern
building of V. N. Karazin National University}}\n\n==Governance==\n\n===Legal
status and local government===\nThe Mayor of Kharkiv and the City Council
govern all the business and administrative affairs in the City of Kharkiv.\n\nThe
Mayor of Kharkiv has the executive powers; the City Council has the administrative
powers as far as the government issues is concerned.\n\nThe Mayor of Kharkiv
is elected by the direct public election in Kharkiv every four years.\n\nThe
City Council is composed of elected representatives, who approve or reject
the initiatives on the budget allocation, tasks priorities and other issues
in Kharkiv. The representatives to the City Council are elected every four
years.\n\nThe mayor and city council hold their regular meetings in the City
Hall in Kharkiv.\n\n===Politics===\n{{main article|2014 pro-Russian unrest
in Ukraine#Kharkiv Oblast}}\n\nThe [[2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine]]
affected Kharkiv but to a lesser extent than in neighbouring [[Donbass]],
where tensions would lead to [[War in Donbass|armed conflict]].<ref name=\"Ukraine
crisis timeline BBC\">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-26248275|title=Ukraine
crisis: Timeline|work=BBC News|date=13 November 2014|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref>
On 2 March 2014, a Russian \"tourist\" from Moscow replaced the [[Ukrainian
flag]] with a [[Russian flag]] on the Kharkiv regional state administration
building.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/04/world/europe/russias-hand-can-be-seen-in-the-protests.html
| title = From Russia, ''Tourists'' Stir the Protests | first = Andrew | last
= Roth | work = The New York Times | date = 4 March 2014}}<br>{{cite news
| url = http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-26435333 | title = Russian
site recruits ''volunteers'' for Ukraine | work = BBC News | date = 4 March
2014 }}</ref> Five days later, pro-Russian protestors occupied the building
and unilaterally declared independence from Ukraine as the \"Kharkov People''s
Republic\".<ref name=\"Focus Information Agency\">{{cite web | url=http://www.focus-fen.net/news/2014/04/07/332351/pro-russia-activists-declare-establishment-of-kharkiv-peoples-republic.html
| title=Pro-Russia activists declare establishment of ''Kharkiv people''s
republic'' | work=Focus Information Agency | date=7 April 2014 | accessdate=13
April 2014}}</ref><ref name=\"LiveLeak.com\">{{cite web|url=http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=9bd_1396967425
|title=Pro-Russian Protesters Declare ''People''s Republic'' In Kharkiv |work=LiveLeak.com
|date=7 April 2014 |accessdate=13 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408202650/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26910210
|archivedate= 8 April 2015 |df= }}</ref> The next day, the building was retaken
by Ukrainian special forces.<ref name=\"KRR2\">{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/kharkiv-settles-down-while-pro-russian-separatists-still-hold-buildings-in-luhansk-donetsk-342517.html
| title=Kharkiv settles down, while pro-Russian separatists still hold buildings
in Luhansk, Donetsk | work=Kyiv Post | date=8 April 2014 | accessdate=13 April
2014}}</ref> Doubts arose about the local origin of the protestors after they
initially stormed an opera and ballet theatre believing it was the city hall.<ref
name=MT140408>{{cite news |url= http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/protesters-storm-kharkiv-theater-thinking-it-was-city-hall/497709.html
|title= Protesters Storm Kharkiv Theater Thinking It Was City Hall |work=
[[The Moscow Times]] |date= 8 April 2014 }}</ref> On 13 April, some pro-Russian
protesters again made it inside the Kharkiv regional state administration
building.<ref name=\"kharkivinfiltrate\">{{cite news | url=http://www.kyivpost.com/content/ukraine/pro-russian-militants-attack-pro-ukrainian-demonstrators-in-kharkiv-including-at-least-three-severely-343292.html
| title=Kharkiv city government building infiltrated by pro-Russian protesters
| work=Kyiv Post | date=13 April 2014 | accessdate=13 April 2014}}</ref> Later
on 13 April the building returned permanently to full Ukrainian control.<ref
name=\"Focus Information Agency\"/><ref name=\"LiveLeak.com\"/><ref name=\"KRR2\"/><ref
name=\"kharkivinfiltrate\"/><ref name=kernessep>{{cite web|url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2014/04/13/7022301/
|title=\u041a\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0446\u044f\u0432
\u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438
\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432
| \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430
|publisher=Pravda.com.ua |date= |accessdate=28 April 2014}}</ref><ref name=DWBaluta>[http://www.dw.com/en/kharkiv-torn-between-europe-and-russia/a-17478397
Kharkiv torn between Europe and Russia], [[Deutsche Welle]] (6 March 2014)</ref><ref
name=\"Unian.net\">{{cite web|url=http://www.unian.net/politics/907771-posle-napadeniya-antimaydanovtsev-na-miting-evromaydana-v-harkove-postradalo-50-chelovek.html
|title=\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f
\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432
\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430
\u0432 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e
50 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a : \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438
\u0423\u041d\u0418\u0410\u041d |publisher=Unian.net |date=14 April 2014 |accessdate=28
April 2014}}</ref><ref name=\"OSCEmonitor\">{{cite web | url=http://www.osce.org/ukrainemonitoring/117777
| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416174445/http://www.osce.org/ukrainemonitoring/117777
| archivedate=16 April 2014 | title=Latest from the Special Monitoring Mission
in Ukraine | work=Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe | date=14
April 2014 | accessdate=16 April 2014}}</ref> Violent clashes resulted in
the severe beating of at least 50 pro-Ukrainian protesters in attacks by pro-Russian
protesters.<ref name=\"kharkivinfiltrate\" /><ref name=\"Unian.net\"/>\n\nKharkiv
returned to relative calm by 30 April.<ref name=\"OSCEmonitor30\">{{cite press
release | url=http://www.osce.org/ukraine-smm/118186 | title=Latest from the
Special Monitoring Mission in Ukraine \u2013 based on information received
up until 29 April 2014 | publisher=Organization for Security and Co-operation
in Europe | date=30 April 2014 | accessdate=1 May 2014}}</ref> Relatively
peaceful demonstrations continued to be held, with \"pro-Russian\" rallies
gradually diminishing and \"pro-Ukrainian unity\" demonstrations growing in
numbers.<ref name=\"OSCE624\">{{cite press release|url=http://www.osce.org/ukraine-smm/120113|title=Latest
from the Special Monitoring Mission in Ukraine based on information received
until 23 June 2014|publisher=Organization for Security and Co-operation in
Europe|date=24 June 2014|accessdate=22 August 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122133303/http://www.osce.org/ukraine-smm/120113|archivedate=22
November 2015}}</ref><ref name=\"OSCE257\">{{cite press release|url=http://www.osce.org/ukraine-smm/121790|title=Latest
from the Special Monitoring Mission (SMM) in Ukraine based on information
received until 18:00 hrs, 23 July|publisher=Organization for Security and
Co-operation in Europe|date=24 July 2014|accessdate=25 July 2014}}</ref><ref
name=\"Status quo 17814\">{{uk icon}} [http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/obschestvo/17.08.2014/na_ploschadi_svobody_proshli_dva_mitinga/
Two liberty square rally], Status quo (17 August 2014)</ref> On 28 September,
activists dismantled Ukraine''s largest monument to Lenin at a pro-Ukrainian
rally in the central square.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/katyasoldak/2014/09/28/ukrainian-crowds-topple-lenin-statue-again/
Ukrainian Crowds Topple Lenin Statue (Again)]. Retrieved 29 September 2014.</ref>
Polls conducted from September to December 2014 found little support in Kharkiv
for joining Russia.{{r|Navalny140923}}{{r|DT150103}}\n\nFrom early November
until mid-December, Kharkiv was struck by seven non-lethal bomb blasts. Targets
of these attacks included a rock pub known for raising money for Ukrainian
forces, a hospital for Ukrainian forces, a military recruiting centre, and
a [[National Guard of Ukraine|National Guard]] base.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-fg-ukraine-russia-kharkiv-bombs-20141210-story.html
Seven recent blasts in Ukraine city stir fear of new Russian menace], [[Los
Angeles Times]] (11 December 2014)<br>[https://news.yahoo.com/mysterious-spate-bombings-hit-ukraine-military-hub-114452090.html#
Mysterious spate of bombings hit Ukraine military hub], [[Agence France-Presse]]
(10 December 2014)</ref> According to [[Security Service of Ukraine|SBU]]
investigator [[Vasyliy Vovk]], [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)|Russian
covert forces]] were behind the attacks, and had intended to destabilize the
otherwise calm city of Kharkiv.<ref>[http://www.unian.info/society/1020077-sbu-russian-special-services-target-kharkiv-odesa-situation-difficult-to-control.html
SBU: Russian special services target Kharkiv, Odesa, situation difficult to
control], [[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] (10 December 2014)</ref>\n\nOn
8 January 2015 five men wearing [[Balaclava (clothing)|balaclava]]s broke
into an office of (the volunteer group aiding refugees from [[Donbass]]) ''''Station
Kharkiv''''.<ref name=biSK8115/> Simultaneously with physical threats the
men demanded to hear the political position of ''''Station Kharkiv''''.<ref
name=biSK8115/> After being given an answer the men apologized and left.<ref
name=biSK8115>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-iac/1801796-militsiya_zyasovue__hto_napav_na_volontersku_stantsiyu_harkiv_2008697.html|script-title=uk:\u041c\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0446\u0456\u044f
\u0437 \u044f\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0432
\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0443
\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\"|trans-title=Police
finds out who attacked the volunteer-run \"Station Kharkiv\"|language=uk|publisher=ukrinform.ua|date=9
January 2015|accessdate=22 March 2015}}{{cite web|url=http://24tv.ua/ru/stantsiya_harkov__perviy_punkt_pomoshhi_pereselentsam_iz_zoni_ato_n500974|script-title=ru:\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\" \u2014 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439
\u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0430\u043c
\u0438\u0437 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0410\u0422\u041e|trans-title=\"Station
Kharkiv\" - the first point of assistance for displaced persons from the Donbass
zone|language=ru|publisher=24tv.ua|date=25 October 2014|accessdate=22 March
2015}}</ref>\n\nOn Sunday 22 February 2015, there was a terrorist bomb attack
on a march to commemorate people who died in the Euromaidan protests in 2014.
The bomb killed two, and wounded nine. The authorities have launched an anti-terrorist
operation.<ref>[http://www.unian.info/politics/1047081-anti-terrorist-operation-launched-in-kharkiv-due-to-fatal-blast-on-sunday-turchynov.html
UNIAN] ''''Anti-terrorist operation launched in Kharkiv due to fatal blast
on Sunday \u2013 Turchynov'''', 22 February 2015. <br>[http://en.censor.net.ua/news/325751/antiterrorist_operation_started_in_kharkiv_four_participants_on_the_explosion_detained
En.Censor.Net], ''''Anti-terrorist operation started in Kharkiv: four participants
on the explosion detained'''', 22 February 2015.<br>[http://novorossia.today/turchinov-announced-start-of-the-ato-in-kharkov-the-highest-level-of-terrorist-threat-had-been-introduced-in-the-city/ Novorossia.Today],
Turchinov announced start of the ATO in Kharkov. The highest level of terrorist
threat had been introduced in the city'''', 23 February 2015.</ref> The terrorists
claim that it was a false flag attack.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lada Ray|url=https://futuristrendcast.wordpress.com/2015/02/23/urgent-statement-of-the-kharkov-partizans-re-false-flag-terrorist-act/|title=Urgent
Statement of the Kharkov Partizans re. False Flag Terrorist Act|work=Futurist
Trendcast|date=23 February 2015|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> Kharkiv experienced
more non-lethal small bombings since 22 February 2015 targeting army fuel
tanks, an unoccupied passenger train and a [[Ukrainian flag]] in the city
centre.<ref>[http://www.npr.org/2015/04/06/397774803/despite-tenuous-truce-in-eastern-ukraine-bomb-attacks-increase-in-kharkiv
Bomb Attacks Increase In Ukraine''s Second-Largest City, Kharkiv], [[NPR]]
(6 April 2015)<br>[http://uatoday.tv/politics/kharkiv-explosion-targets-ukrainian-flag-419957.html
Kharkiv explosion targeting Ukrainian flag classified as \u2018terrorist act''],
[[Ukraine Today]] (7 April 2015)<br>[http://www.rferl.org/content/explosion-in-ukraine-kharkiv-targets-national-flag-memorial/26942551.html
Explosion In Ukraine''s Kharkiv Targets National Flag Memorial], [[Radio Free
Europe/Radio Liberty]] (7 April 2015)</ref>\n\nOn 23 September 2015, 200 people
in balaclavas and camouflage picketed the house of former governor [[Mykhailo
Dobkin]], and then went to Kharkiv town hall, where they tried to force their
way through the police cordon. At least one tear gas grenade was used. The
rioters asked the mayor, [[Hennadiy Kernes]], to come out.<ref name=Unian23Sep151410>[http://www.unian.info/society/1131951-over-200-men-in-balaclavas-brawls-in-kharkiv-town-hall-clash-with-police.html
Unian], ''''Over 200 men in balaclavas brawl at Kharkiv town hall, clash with
police'''', 23 September 2015, 14:10.</ref><ref>[http://korrespondent.net/ukraine/3567072-poiavylos-vydeo-stolknovenyi-u-horsoveta-kharkova
Korrespondent], ''''\u041f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c
\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
[Video of riot at Kharkov City Council]'''', 23 September 2015 17:40</ref>\n\n===Administrative
divisions===\nWhile Kharkiv is the [[Capital (political)|administrative centre]]
of the [[Kharkiv Oblast]] ([[Administrative divisions of Ukraine|province]]),
the city affairs are managed by the [[Kharkiv City Municipality|Kharkiv Municipality]].
Kharkiv is a [[Administrative divisions of Ukraine|city of oblast subordinance]].\n[[File:\u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435
\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430.svg|thumb|150px|Administrative
divisions of Kharkiv]]\nThe territory of Kharkiv is divided into 9 administrative
[[raion]]s ([[districts]]), till February 2016 they were named for people,
places, events, and organizations associated with early years of the Soviet
Union but many were renamed in February 2016 to comply with [[Decommunization
in Ukraine|decommunization laws]].<ref name=nmcrinK>{{uk icon}} [http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2016/02/3/7097721/
Another 48 streets and 5 districts \"decommunized\" in Kharkiv], [[Ukrayinska
Pravda]] (3 February 2015)<br>{{ru icon}} [http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/vlast/03.02.2016/v_harkove_pereimenovali_tri_rajona/
Three districts renamed in Kharkiv], SQ (3 February 2015)<br>{{uk icon}} [http://ua.korrespondent.net/city/kharkov/3624201-u-kharkovi-vyrishyly-ne-pereimenovuvaty-zhovtnevyi-i-frunzenskyi-raiony
It was decided not to rename the Zhovtnevyi and the Frunzenskyi districts
in Kharkiv], [[Korrespondent.net]] (3 February 2015)</ref> Also, owing to
this law, over 200 streets have been renamed in Kharkiv since 20 November
2015.<ref>{{ru icon}} [http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/vlast/20.11.2015/gorsovet_pereimenoval_170_ulic/
List of 170 renamed streets], SQ (20 November 2015)<br>{{uk icon}} [http://www.rbc.ua/ukr/news/harkovskiy-gorsovet-pereimenoval-173-ulitsy-1448020126.html
Kharkiv city council renamed 173 streets, 4 parks and a metro station], [[RBC
Ukraine]] (20 November 2015)<br>{{ru icon}} [http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/obschestvo/03.02.2016/v_harkove_pereimenovali_esche_50_ulic_spisok/
50 streets renamed in Kharkiv: list], SQ (3 February 2015)</ref>\n\nThe raions
are named:<ref name=nmcrinK/>\n# Kholodnohirskyi ({{lang-uk|\u0425\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}}, ''''Cold Mountain''''; namesake: the historic
name of the neighbourhood<ref>{{ru icon}} [http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/obschestvo/23.02.2016/rajony_harkova_istoriya_s_geografiej/
Districts Of Kharkiv. History with geography], SQ (23 February 2015)</ref>)
(formerly Leninskyi; namesake: [[Vladimir Lenin]])\n# Shevchenkivskyi ({{lang-uk|\u0428\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}}); namesake: [[Taras Shevchenko]] (formerly
Dzerzhynskyi; namesake [[Felix Dzerzhinsky]])\n# Kyivskyi ({{lang-uk|\u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}}); namesake: [[Kyiv]]\n# Moskovskyi ({{lang-uk|\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}}); namesake: [[Moscow]]\n# Nemyshlianskyi
({{lang-uk|\u041d\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0448\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}});\n# Industrialnyi ({{lang-uk|\u0406\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}}) (formerly Ordzhonikidzevskyi; namesake:
[[Sergo Ordzhonikidze]])\n# Slobidskyi ({{lang-uk|\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}});\n# Osnovianskyi ({{lang-uk|\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432''\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}});\n# Novobavarskyi ({{lang-uk|\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d}})\n\n==Demographics==\n{{Historical populations\n|percentages
= off\n|1660<ref name=\"\u0422\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\">\u041b.\u0418. \u041c\u0430\u0447\u0443\u043b\u0438\u043d.
Mysteries of the underground Kharkov. \u2014 \u0425.: 2005. {{ISBN|966-8768-00-0}}
{{ru icon}}</ref>\n |1000\n|1788<ref name=\"\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432:
\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\">Kharkov:
Architecture, monuments, renovations: Travel guide. Ed. [[:ru:\u041b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434,
\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u042e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447|\u0410.
\u041b\u0435\u0439\u0431\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434]], \u0412. \u0420\u0435\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432,
\u0410. \u0422\u0438\u0446. \u2014 \u0425.: \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440,
1987{{ru icon}}</ref>\n |10742\n|1850<ref name=\"dyachenko\">{{cite web|author=N.
T. Dyachenko|url=http://dalizovut.narod.ru/ulizy/ulizy.htm|script-title=ru:\u0423\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b
\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430|trans-title=Streets
and squares of Kharkov|language=ru|year=1977|website=dalizovut.narod.ru|accessdate=31
March 2015}}</ref>\n |41861\n|1861<ref name=\"dyachenko\"/>\n |50301\n|1901<ref
name=\"dyachenko\"/>\n |198273\n|1916<ref name=\"skorobohatov\">\u0410.\u0412.
\u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432.
Kharkov in times of German occupation (1941\u20131943). \u2013 X.: \u041f\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440,
2006. {{ISBN|966-7880-79-6}}{{uk icon}}</ref>\n |352300\n|1917<ref name=\"\u041e\u0442
\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b\">[[Oleksandr
Leibfreid]], Yu. Poliakova. Kharkov. From fortress to capital. \u2013 \u0425.:
\u0424\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043e, 2004{{ru icon}}</ref>\n |382000\n|1920<ref
name=\"skorobohatov\"/>\n |285000\n|1926<ref name=\"skorobohatov\"/>\n |417000\n|1939<ref
name=\"perepis-1939\">State archives of Kharkov Oblast. \u0424. \u0420-2982,
\u043e\u043f. 2, file 16, pp 53\u201354</ref>\n |833000\n|1941<ref name=\"skorobohatov\"/>\n
|902312\n|1941<ref>Colonel ''''\u041d. \u0418. \u0420\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439''''.
\u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435
\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b.{{ru
icon}}</ref>\n |1400000\n|1941<ref name=\"skorobohatov\"/><ref>In reference
to the German census of December 1941; without children and teenagers no older
16 years of age; numerous city-dwellers evaded the registration{{ru icon}}</ref>\n
|456639\n|1943<ref name=\"\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f: \u0431\u0435\u0437
\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043d\">''''[[Nikita
Khrushchev]]''''. Report to [[\u0426\u041a \u0412\u041a\u041f(\u0431)]] of
August 30, 1943. History: without \u00abwhite spots\u00bb. ''''[[Kharkiv izvestia]]'''',
No. 100\u2013101, August 23, 2008, page 6{{ru icon}}</ref>\n |170000\n|1959<ref
name=\"dyachenko\"/>\n |930000\n|1962<ref name=\"dyachenko\"/>\n |1000000\n|1976<ref
name=\"dyachenko\"/>\n |1384000\n|1982<ref name=\"\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432:
\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\"/>\n |1500000\n|1989\n
|1593970\n|1999\n |1510200\n|2001<ref name=\"\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c
2001\">[[Ukrainian Census (2001)]]</ref>\n |1470900\n|2014<ref name=\"population
total Kharkiv\">{{cite web|title=Major Cities in Ukraine by Population (2014)|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/ukraine-population/major-cities-in-ukraine/|publisher=World
Population Review|accessdate=2014-04-14}}</ref>\n |1430885\n}}\n\nAccording
to the [[Soviet Census (1989)|1989 Soviet Union Census]], the population of
the city was 1,593,970. In 1991, the population decreased to 1,510,200, including
1,494,200 permanent city residents.<ref name=\"Our Kharkiv\">{{cite web|url=http://www.kharkov.com/news/?p=25|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822193837/http://www.kharkov.com/news/?p=25|archivedate=22
August 2006 |title= Kharkiv today |accessdate=4 May 2007 |work=Our Kharkiv
|language=Russian}}</ref> Kharkiv is the second-largest city in Ukraine after
the capital, [[Kiev]].<ref name=\"ukrcensus1\">{{cite web|url=http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060109012020/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/|archivedate=9
January 2006 |title= Results / General results of the census / Number of cities
|accessdate=28 August 2006 |work=[[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 Ukrainian
Census]] }}</ref> The first independent all-Ukrainian population census was
conducted in December 2001, and the next all-Ukrainian population census is
decreed to be conduced in 2020. As of 2001, the population of the Kharkiv
region is as follows: 78.5% living in urban areas, and 21.5% living in rural
areas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/urban-rural/|title=\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f
2001 {{!}} English version {{!}} Results {{!}} General results of the census
{{!}} Urban and rural population:|website=2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua|accessdate=11
January 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Ethnicity===\n{| class=\"standard\"\n! Ethnic group||
1897<ref>[http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd.php?reg=1604 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f
\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c
\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u0418\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 1897 \u0433. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435
\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443
\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043c
50 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438] \u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f</ref>||1926||1939||1959<ref>\u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
\u0425\u0425 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044f, \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432
2004, \u0440. 456</ref>||1989<ref name=\"Our Kharkiv\"/>||2001<ref name=\"vharkov\">{{cite
web|url=http://vharkov.ru/description/about.html|publisher=vharkov.ru|title=\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f
\u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435
\u043d\u0430 vharkov|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"ukrcensus\">{{cite
web|url=http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/general/estimated/kharkiv/|publisher=2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua|title=\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f
2001 \u2013 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u2013
\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043a\u0438
\u2013 \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c
\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u2013 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430
\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c:|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n|-\n|
[[Ukrainians]]|| 25.9%||38.6% || 48.5% || 48.4% || 50.4% || 52.8%\n|-\n| [[Russians]]||
63.2%||37.2%||32.9%||40.4%||43.6%||43.2%\n|-\n| [[Jews]]|| 5.7%||19.5%||15.6%||8.7%||3.0%||0.7%\n|}\n\n====Notes====\n<small>\n*
1660 year \u2013 approximated estimation\n* 1788 year \u2013 without the account
of children\n* 1920 year \u2013 times of the [[Russian Civil War]]\n* 1941
year \u2013 estimation on May 1, right before [[German-Soviet War]]\n* 1941
year \u2013 next estimation in September varies between 1,400,000 and 1,450,000\n*
1941 year \u2013 another estimation in December during the occupation without
the account of children\n* 1943 year \u2013 August 23, liberation of the city;
estimation varied 170,000 and 220,000\n* 1976 year \u2013 estimation on June
1\n* 1982 year \u2013 estimation in March\n</small>\n\n==Religion==\n[[File:Kharkov002.jpg|thumb|150px|upright|The
[[Annunciation Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Annunciation Orthodox Cathedral]] is
one of the [[List of tallest Orthodox churches|tallest Orthodox churches]]
in the world, which was built in Kharkiv on October 2, 1888.]]\n\nKharkiv
is an important religious center in Eastern Ukraine.\n\nThere are many old
and new cathedrals, associated with various churches in Kharkiv.\n\nThe [[Assumption
Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Assumption Orthodox Cathedral]] was built in Kharkiv
in the 1680s and re-built in 1820s-1830s.<ref name=\"kharkov\">{{cite web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/33|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe St. Pokrovsky Orthodox Monastery Cathedral was created
in Kharkiv in 1689\u20131729.<ref name=\"kharkov2\">{{cite web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/7|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"pokrovsky-monastyr\">{{cite web|url=http://pokrovsky-monastyr.kh.ua/|publisher=pokrovsky-monastyr.kh.ua|title=\u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0442\u043e-\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u043c\u0443\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044f
\u0433. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe
[[Annunciation Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Annunciation Orthodox Cathedral]] is
one of the [[List of tallest Orthodox churches|tallest Orthodox churches]]
in the world. It was completed in Kharkiv on October 2, 1888.<ref name=\"kharkov3\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/5|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe St. Trinity Orthodox Cathedral was built in Kharkiv
in 1758\u20131764 and re-built in 1857\u20131861.<ref name=\"kharkov4\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/37|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe St. Valentine Orthodox Cathedral was built in Kharkiv
in the 2010s.<ref name=\"kharkov5\">{{cite web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/52|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe St. Tamara Orthodox Cathedral was built in Kharkiv
in 2012.<ref name=\"kharkov6\">{{cite web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/readnews/932|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u041e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d
\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439
\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0422\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0440\u044b
\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
\u2013 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe
St. Peace Bringing Wives Orthodox Cathedral was built in green park near [[Zerkal\u02b9naya
struya|Mirror Stream]] fountain in August, 2015.<ref name=\"kharkov7\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.eparchia.kharkov.ua/churchinfo/367|publisher=eparchia.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0426\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0432\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe Roman Catholic St. Mary Cathedral was built in Kharkiv
in 1887\u20131892.\n\nThere is the old [[Kharkiv Choral Synagogue]], which
was fully renovated in Kharkiv in 1991\u20132016. The Jewish population is
around 8000 people in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"jewishkharkov\">{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishkharkov.org/|publisher=jewishkharkov.org|title=Kharkov
Jewish Community|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n==Economy==\n\nThe 2016\u20132020
economic development strategy: \"Kharkiv Success Strategy\", is created in
Kharkiv.<ref name=\"kharkov8\">{{cite web|url=http://www.strategy.kharkov.ua/|publisher=strategy.kharkov.ua|title=\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430
\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
\u043d\u0430 2016-2020 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432
\u2013 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0445\u0443\u00bb|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkov9\">{{cite web|url=http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/ua/general/univer_today/announce?news_id=5793|publisher=univer.kharkov.ua|title=\u041a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439
\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b \u00ab\u0420\u043e\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430
\u0421\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430
\u0434\u043e 2020 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443: \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430
\u0456 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u00bb >> \u0425\u041d\u0423 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456
\u0412. \u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkov10\">{{cite web|url=http://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/v-universiteti-karazina-obgovoryat-perspektivi-rozvitku-osviti-32374.html|author=Hulu
LLC|publisher=city.kharkov.ua|title=\u0412 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0456
\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c
\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443
\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0438|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===International
Economic Forum===\nThe International Economic Forum: Innovations. Investments.
Kharkiv Innitiatives! is being conducted in Kharkiv every year.<ref name=\"led.org.ua\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.led.org.ua/en/|publisher=led.org.ua|title=www.led.org.ua/en/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nIn 2015, the International Economic Forum: Innovations.
Investments. Kharkiv Innitiatives! was attended by the diplomatic corps representatives
from 17 world countries, working in Ukraine together with top-management of
trans-national corporations and investment funds; plus Ukrainian People\u2019s
Deputies; plus Ukrainian Central government officials, who determine the national
economic development strategy; plus local government managers, who perform
practical steps in implementing that strategy; plus managers of technical
assistance to Ukraine; plus business and NGO\u2019s representatives; plus
media people.<ref name=\"led.org.ua\"/><ref name=\"usa.mfa.gov.ua\">{{cite
web|url=http://usa.mfa.gov.ua/en/press-center/announcements/4500-vii-international-economic-forum-innovations-investments-kharkiv-initiatives|publisher=usa.mfa.gov.ua|title=VII
International economic forum \"INNOVATIONS. INVESTMENTS. KHARKIV INITIATIVES!\"
- Announcements - Embassy of Ukraine in the United States of America|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kmu.gov.ua\">{{cite web|url=http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/publish/article?art_id=247530844|publisher=kmu.gov.ua|title=www.kmu.gov.ua/control/publish/article?art_id=247530844|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"ukraine.usembassy.gov\">{{cite web|url=http://ukraine.usembassy.gov/statements/amb-kharkiv-econ-forum-09042015.html|publisher=ukraine.usembassy.gov|title=statements/amb-kharkiv-econ-forum-09042015|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"usembassykyiv.wordpress.com\">{{cite web|url=https://usembassykyiv.wordpress.com/tag/kharkiv/|publisher=usembassykyiv.wordpress.com|title=Kharkiv
– U.S. Embassy Kyiv Blog|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe key
topics of the plenary sessions and panel discussions of the International
Economic Forum: Innovations. Investments. Kharkiv Innitiatives! are the implementation
of Strategy for Sustainable Development \u201cUkraine \u2013 2020\u201d, the
results achieved and plan of further actions to reform the local government
and territorial organization of power in Ukraine, export promotion and attraction
of investments in Ukraine, new opportunities for public-private partnerships,
practical steps to create \u201celectronic government\u201d, issues of energy
conservation and development of oil and gas industry in the Kharkiv Region,
creating an effective system of production and processing of agricultural
products, investment projects that will receive funding from the State Fund
for Regional Development, development of international integration, preparation
for privatization of state enterprises.<ref name=\"led.org.ua\"/><ref name=\"usa.mfa.gov.ua\"/><ref
name=\"kmu.gov.ua\"/><ref name=\"ukraine.usembassy.gov\"/><ref name=\"usembassykyiv.wordpress.com\"/>\n\n===International
Industrial Exhibitions===\nThe international industrial exhibitions are usually
conducted at the Radmir Expohall exhibition center in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"radmir-expohall\">{{cite
web|url=http://radmir-expohall.com.ua/|publisher=radmir-expohall.com.ua|title=Radmir
Expohall | Radmir Expohall|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Industrial
corporations===\nDuring the Soviet era, Kharkiv was the capital of industrial
production in Ukraine and the third largest {{citation needed|date=July 2016}}centre
of industry and commerce in the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. After the [[history
of the Soviet Union (1985\u20131991)#Dissolution of the USSR|collapse of the
Soviet Union]] the largely defence-systems-oriented industrial production
of the city decreased significantly. In the early 2000s, the industry started
to recover and adapt to market economy needs. Now there are more than 380 industrial
enterprises concentrated in the city, which have a total number of 150,000
employees. {{Citation needed|date=July 2016}} The enterprises form machine-building,
electro-technology, instrument-making, and energy conglomerates.\n\nState-owned
industrial giants, such as [[Turboatom]] and [[Elektrotyazhmash]]<ref>{{cite
web|url=http://www.spetm.com.ua/eng/index.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080928224657/http://www.spetm.com.ua/eng/index.html|archivedate=28
September 2008 |title=spetm.com.ua |publisher=spetm.com.ua |date= |accessdate=20
April 2012}}</ref> occupy 17% of the heavy power equipment construction (e.g.,
turbines) market worldwide. Multipurpose aircraft are produced by the [[Antonov]]
aircraft manufacturing plant. The [[Malyshev factory]] produces not only [[armoured
fighting vehicle]]s, but also harvesters. [[Khartron]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hartron.com.ua/en/content/forms-cooperation|title=Hartron:
Forms of cooperation|publisher=hartron.com.ua|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref>
is the leading designer of space and commercial control systems in Ukraine
and the former [[Commonwealth of Independent States|CIS]].\n\n===IT industry===\nThe
IT industry is represented by a few hundred small IT [[startup company|start
ups]], which form a cluster of IT companies in Kharkiv<ref name=\"economist.com\">{{cite
web|url=https://www.economist.com/news/europe/21699545-russian-speaking-kharkiv-it-industry-one-few-things-thriving-city|publisher=economist.com|title=www.economist.com/news/europe/21699545-russian-speaking-kharkiv-it-industry-one-few-things-thriving-city|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"it-kharkiv\">{{cite web|url=http://it-kharkiv.com.ua/|publisher=it-kharkiv.com.ua|title=it-kharkiv.com.ua/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkivglobal\">{{cite web|url=http://kharkivglobal.com/en/service|publisher=kharkivglobal.com|title=kharkivglobal.com/en/service|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"triolan\">{{cite web|url=http://www.triolan.com/|publisher=triolan.com|title=\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Finance industry===\nKharkiv is also the headquarters
of one of the largest Ukrainian banks, [[UkrSibbank]], which has been part
of the [[BNP Paribas]] group since December 2005.\n\n===Trade industry===\nThere
are many large modern shopping malls in Kharkiv.\n\nThere are a large number
of markets:\n* [[Barabashovo market]] is the largest market in Ukraine and
one of the largest markets in Europe.\n* [[Blagoveshinskiy]] market.\n* [[Konniy]]
\"horse\" market.\n* [[Sumskoi]] market <ref name=\"kharkov11\">{{cite web|url=http://www.kharkov.info/place/31899|publisher=kharkov.info|title=\u0422\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439
\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 \"\u0421\u0443\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u0440\u044b\u043d\u043e\u043a\" \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0428\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d, \u041a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b,
8|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n* [[Raiskiy]] book market.\n\n==Science
and education==\n{{multiple image\n | align = right\n | direction = vertical\n
| image1 = (39)_V_N_KARAZIN_KHARKIV_NATIONAL_UNIVERSITY_MAIN_BUILDING_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg\n
| width1 = 160\n | caption1 = Main building of [[University of Kharkiv|V.
N. Karazin Kharkiv National University]].\n | image2 = (40)_V_N_KARAZIN_KHARKIV_NATIONAL_UNIVERSITY_NORTHERN_BUILDING_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg
\n | width2 = 160\n | caption2 = Northern building of [[University of Kharkiv|V.
N. Karazin Kharkiv National University]].\n | image3 = (41)_MECHNIKOV_LANDAU_KUZNETS_MONUMENTS_AT_V_N_KARAZIN_KHARKIV_NATIONAL_UNIVERSITY_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg
\n | width3 = 160\n | caption3 = Il''ya I. Mechnikov, Lev D. Landau, Simon
A. Kuznets Nobel Laureates Monuments at [[University of Kharkiv|V. N. Karazin
Kharkiv National University]].\n}}\n\n===Higher education===\nThe [[Kharkiv
National University|Vasyl N. Karazin Kharkiv National University]] is the
most prestigious reputable classic university, which was founded due to the
efforts by [[Vasily Karazin]] in Kharkiv in 1804\u20131805.<ref name=\"kharkov12\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/|publisher=univer.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442
\u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0412. \u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/school/37|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442
\u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0412.\u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref> On {{OldStyleDate|29 January|1805|17 January}}, the Decree
on the Opening of the Imperial University in Kharkiv came into force.\n\nThe
Roentgen Institute opened in 1931. It was a specialist cancer treatment facility
with 87 research workers, 20 professors, and specialist medical staff. The
facilities included chemical, physiology, and bacteriology experimental treatment
laboratories. It produced x-ray apparatus for the whole country.<ref name=\"Socialist
Health Association\"/>\n\nThe city has 13 national universities and numerous
professional, technical and private higher education institutions, offering
its students a wide range of disciplines. [[Kharkiv National University]]
(12,000 students), [[Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute|National Technical
University \"KhPI\"]] (20,000 students), [[Kharkiv National University
of Radioelectronics]] (12,000 students), [[Kharkiv National Aerospace
University \"KhAI\"]], [[Ukrainian Academy of Pharmacy|Kharkiv National University
of Pharmacy]], [[Kharkiv National Medical University]] are the leading {{citation
needed|date=July 2016}} universities in Ukraine.\n\nMore than 17,000 faculty
and research staff are employed in the institutions of higher education in
Kharkiv.\n\n===Scientific research===\nThe city has a high concentration of
research institutions, which are independent or loosely connected with the
universities. Among them are three national science centres: [[Kharkiv Institute
of Physics and Technology]], Institute of Meteorology, Institute for Experimental
and Clinical Veterinary Medicine and 20 national research institutions
of the [[National Academy of Science of Ukraine]], such as the [[B Verkin
Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering]], [[Institute for Problems
of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine]], State Scientific Institution \"Institute
for Single Crystals\", Usikov Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics (IRE),
Institute of Radio Astronomy (IRA), and others. A total number of 26,000 scientists
are working in research and development.\n\nA number of world-renowned scientific
schools appeared in Kharkiv, such as the [[Kharkiv Theoretical Physics School|theoretical
physics school]] and the [[Kharkiv Mathematical School|mathematical school]].\n\nThere
is the Kharkiv Scientists House in the city, which was built by A. N. Beketov,
architect in Kharkiv in 1900. All the scientists like to meet and discuss
various scientific topics at the Kharkiv Scientists House in Kharkiv.<ref
name=\"khdu\">{{cite web|url=http://www.khdu.org/house.php|publisher=khdu.org|title=house|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Public libraries===\nIn addition to the libraries
affiliated with the various universities and research institutions, the Kharkiv
State Scientific V. Korolenko-library is a major research library.\n\n===Secondary
schools===\nKharkiv has 212 ([[secondary education]]) schools, including 10
[[lyceum]]s and 20 [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasiums]].{{citation needed|date=October
2016}}\n\n===Education centers===\nThere is the educational \"Landau Center\",
which is named after Prof. L.D. Landau, Nobel laureate in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"landaucentre\">{{cite
web|url=http://landaucentre.org/about/|publisher=landaucentre.org|title=\u041f\u0420\u041e
\"\u041b\u0410\u041d\u0414\u0410\u0423\u0426\u0415\u041d\u0422\u0420\" ||accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n==Culture==\nKharkiv is one of the main cultural centres
in Ukraine. It is home to 20 museums, over 10 theaters and a number of art
galleries. Large music and cinema festivals are hosted in Kharkiv almost every
year.\n\n===Theaters===\nThe Kharkiv National Academic Opera and Ballet Theater
named after N. V. Lysenko is a biggest theater in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"hatob\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.hatob.com.ua/ukr/|publisher=hatob.com.ua|title=\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430
- \u0425\u0410\u0422\u041e\u0411, \u0425\u041d\u0410\u0422\u041e\u0411, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431
\u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431
\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 2017, \u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430
\u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 2017, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442,
\u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431
\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442,
\u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442,
\u0445\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430, \u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430 \u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432,
\u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c
\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431
\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442
\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430, \u0445\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0431 \u0430\u0444\u0438\u0448\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"hatob2\">{{cite web|url=http://www.hatob.com.ua/eng|publisher=hatob.com.ua|title=Home|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe Kharkiv State Academic Drama Theater named after
T. G. Shevchenko is popular among Ukrainian speaking people <ref name=\"theatre-shevchenko\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.theatre-shevchenko.com.ua/|publisher=theatre-shevchenko.com.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0410\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0414\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440
\u0456\u043c. \u0422.\u0413.\u0428\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe Kharkiv Academic Russian Drama Theater named after
A.S. Pushkin was recently renovated, and it is quite popular among the locals.<ref
name=\"rusdrama\">{{cite web|url=http://rusdrama.kh.ua/|publisher=rusdrama.kh.ua|title=rusdrama.kh.ua/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Literature===\nIn the 1930s Kharkiv was referred to
as a Literary [[Klondike Gold Rush|Klondike]].{{citation needed|date=May 2012}}
It was the centre for the work of literary luminaries such as: [[Les Kurbas]],
[[Mykola Kulish]], [[Mykola Khvylovy]], [[Mykola Zerov]], [[Valerian Pidmohylny]],
Pavlo Filipovych, Marko Voronny, Oleksa Slisarenko. Over 100 of these writers
were repressed during the Stalinist purges of the 1930s. This tragic event
in Ukrainian history is called the \"Executed Renaissance\" (Rozstrilene vidrodzhennia).
Today a literary museum located on Frunze Street marks their work and achievements.\n\nToday,
Kharkiv is often referred to as the \"capital city\" of Ukrainian [[Science
fiction]] and [[Fantasy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/news/newsid=934426.html|title=Kharkiv
city guide|date=25 January 2010|work=uefa.com|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite
web|url=http://www.ukrainetravel.co/kharkiv|title=Ukraine Travel Guide: Kharkiv,
Ukraine|work=ukrainetravel.co|accessdate=22 March 2015}}</ref> It is the home
to a number of popular writers, such as [[H. L. Oldie]], [[Alexander Zorich]],
[[Andrey Dashkov]], [[Yuri Nikitin (author)|Yuri Nikitin]] and [[Andrey Valentinov]];
most of them [[Russian language in Ukraine|write in Russian]] and are popular
in both Russia and Ukraine. The annual [[science fiction convention]] \"Star
Bridge\" (\u0417\u0432\u0451\u0437\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442)
has been held in Kharkiv since 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/en/general/univer_today/news?news_id=63|title=Kharkiv
International Festival of Science Fiction \"Star Bridge - 2011\"|work=V. N.
Karazin Kharkiv National University|date=September 2011|accessdate=22 March
2015}}</ref>\n\n===Music===\nThere is the [[Kharkiv Philharmonic Society]]
in the city.\n\nThere is the Organ Music Hall in the city.<ref name=\"filarmonia3\">{{cite
web|url=http://filarmonia.kh.ua/filarmonia/dom-organnoj-i-kamernoj-muzyki/|publisher=filarmonia.kh.ua|title=\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044b,
\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f
\u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 | \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref> The Organ Music Hall is situated at the [[Dormition Cathedral,
Kharkiv|Assumption Cathedral]] presently. The [[Rieger\u2013Kloss]] organ
was installed in the building of the Organ Music Hall back in 1986. The new
Organ Music Hall will be opened at the extensively renovated building of [[Kharkiv
Philharmonic Society]] in Kharkiv in November, 2016.\n\nThe [[Kharkiv Conservatory]]
is in the city.\n\nThe [[Kharkiv National Kotlyarevsky University of Arts|Kharkiv
National University of Arts named after I.P. Kotlyarevsky]] is situated in
the city.<ref name=\"kharkov13\">{{cite web|url=http://dum.kharkov.ua/|publisher=dum.kharkov.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442
\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432 \u0456\u043c \u0406.\u041f.\u041a\u043e\u0442\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nKharkiv sponsors the prestigious [[Hnat Khotkevych]]
International Music Competition of Performers of Ukrainian Folk Instruments,
which takes place every three years. Since 1997 four tri-annual competitions
have taken place. The 2010 competition was cancelled by the Ukrainian Ministry
of Culture two days before its opening.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://comments.ua/life/183366-Minkulturi-zapretil-Harkovu.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228232703/http://comments.ua/life/183366-Minkulturi-zapretil-Harkovu.html|archivedate=28
December 2013 |title=\u041c\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b
\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0443
\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441
\u0438\u043c. \u0413\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0425\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430
- \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 |publisher=Proua.com
|date=2010-04-16 |accessdate=15 July 2012}}</ref>\n\nThe music festival: \"Kharkiv
- City of Kind Hopes\" is conducted in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"filarmonia4\">{{cite
web|url=http://filarmonia.kh.ua/festival-harkiv-misto-dobrih-nadij-informatsiya-dlya-uchastnikov/|publisher=filarmonia.kh.ua|title=\u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c
\"\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432 - \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0445
\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0439\". \u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f
\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432
| \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Movies festival===\nThe \"Kharkiv Lilacs\" international
movie festival is very popular among the movie stars, makers, producers in
Ukraine, Eastern Europe, Western Europe and North America.<ref name=\"sirenfest.net.ua\">{{cite
web|url=http://sirenfest.net.ua/en/|publisher=sirenfest.net.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f
\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c - \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"times.kh.ua\">{{cite web|url=http://times.kh.ua/news/fresh/kharkovskaya_siren_2016_novye_ladoni_znamenitykh_akterov_na_allee_zvezd_foto/158954/|publisher=times.kh.ua|title=times.kh.ua/news/fresh/kharkovskaya_siren_2016_novye_ladoni_znamenitykh_akterov_na_allee_zvezd_foto/158954/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe festival is usually conducted in May every year.<ref
name=\"sirenfest.net.ua\"/><ref name=\"sirenfest.net.ua\"/><ref name=\"times.kh.ua\"/>\n\nThere
is a special alley with the metal hand prints by the popular movies actors
at Shevchenko park in Kharkiv.\n<ref name=\"times.kh.ua\"/><ref name=\"dozor\">{{cite
web|url=http://kharkov.dozor.ua/news/obwestvo/kultura/1174449.html|publisher=kharkov.dozor.ua|title=\u0412\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435
\"\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\":
\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445
\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0435
\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434 (\u0424\u041e\u0422\u041e) | \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u0414\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0440|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Visual
arts===\nKharkiv was/is a home for many famous painters [[Ilya Repin]], [[Zinaida
Serebryakova]], [[Henryk Siemiradzki]], [[Vasyl Yermilov]], {{citation needed|date=February
2017}} etc. There are many modern arts galleries in the city. For example:
the Yermilov Centre, Lilacs Gallery, the Kharkiv Art Museum, the Kharkiv Municipal
Gallery, the AC Gallery, Palladium Gallery, fthe Semiradsky Gallery, AVEK
Gallery, and Arts of Slobozhanshyna Gallery.\n\n===Museums===\nThere is the
Kharkiv History Museum named after M. F. Sumtsov in the city.<ref name=\"museum\">{{cite
web|url=http://museum.kh.ua/eng.html|publisher=museum.kh.ua|title=Information
in English - \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u041c.\u0424.\u0421\u0443\u043c\u0446\u043e\u0432\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe Natural History Museum at V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National
University was founded in Kharkiv on April 2, 1807. The museum is visited
by 40000 visitors every year.<ref name=\"kharkov14\">{{cite web|url=http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/ru/structure/scientific_institutions/museums/nature|publisher=univer.kharkov.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b >> \u0425\u041d\u0423 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438
\u0412. \u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev2\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/79|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u0414\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456
\u0412.\u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University History
Museum was established in Kharkiv in 1972.<ref name=\"kharkov15\">{{cite web|url=http://www-museum.univer.kharkov.ua/|publisher=www-museum.univer.kharkov.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 -
\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref
name=\"kharkov16\">{{cite web|url=http://www.univer.kharkov.ua/ru/structure/scientific_institutions/museums/historical|publisher=univer.kharkov.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430
>> \u0425\u041d\u0423 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0412. \u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev3\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/78|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0456\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456
\u0412.\u041d. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0456\u043d\u0430|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Archeology
Museum was founded in Kharkiv on March 20, 1998.\n<ref name=\"maesu\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.maesu.org/|publisher=maesu.org|title=www.maesu.org/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev4\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/77|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430
\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0457 \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0434\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457
\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe
National Technical University \"Kharkiv Polytechnical Institute\" Museum was
created in Kharkiv on December 29, 1972.<ref name=\"kharkov17\">{{cite web|url=http://www.kpi.kharkov.ua/ru/home/muzeum/|publisher=kpi.kharkov.ua|title=www.kpi.kharkov.ua/ru/home/muzeum/|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkov18\">{{cite web|url=http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/museum/|publisher=web.kpi.kharkov.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u041d\u0422\u0423 "\u0425\u041fI"|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref
name=\"kharkov19\">{{cite web|url=http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/museum/arhiv-sobytij/|publisher=web.kpi.kharkov.ua|title=\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432
\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0439 | \u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u041d\u0422\u0423
"\u0425\u041fI"|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkov20\">{{cite
web|url=http://web.kpi.kharkov.ua/museum/kontakti/|publisher=web.kpi.kharkov.ua|title=\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f
| \u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u041d\u0422\u0423 "\u0425\u041fI"|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev5\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/115|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443
\"\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0456\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\"|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe
National Aerospace University \"Kharkiv Aviation Institute\" Museum was founded
on May 29, 1992.<ref name=\"kiev6\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/2|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0430\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \"\u0425\u0410\u0406\"|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThe \"National University of Pharmacy\" Museum was founded
in Kharkiv on September 15, 2010.<ref name=\"nuph\">{{cite web|url=http://nuph.edu.ua/ru/muzejj-istorii-farmacii-ukrainy/|publisher=nuph.edu.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 -
\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 (\u041d\u0424\u0430\u0423)|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"nuph2\">{{cite web|url=http://nuph.edu.ua/ru/e-kspozitsionny-e-zaly-muzeya/|publisher=nuph.edu.ua|title=\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435
\u0437\u0430\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f - \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 (\u041d\u0424\u0430\u0423)|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kiev7\">{{cite web|url=http://www.vnz.univ.kiev.ua/content/museums/view/51|publisher=vnz.univ.kiev.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439
\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0444\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457
\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThere
are around 147 museums in the Kharkiv''s region.<ref name=\"museums\">{{cite
web|url=http://museums.kh.ua/|publisher=museums.kh.ua|title=\u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0457
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0438|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Landmarks===\n[[File:\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a.jpg|thumb|150px|right|National
holiday''s fireworks on [[Freedom Square, Kharkiv|Freedom Square]]]]\n\nOf
the many attractions of the Kharkiv city are the: [[Assumption Cathedral,
Kharkiv|Dormition Cathedral]], [[Annunciation Cathedral, Kharkiv|Annunciation
Cathedral]], [[Derzhprom]] building, [[Freedom Square, Kharkiv|Freedom Square]],
[[Taras Shevchenko]] Monument, Mirror Stream, Historical Museum, [[Kharkov
Choral Synagogue|Choral Synagogue]], T. Shevchenko Gardens, Zoo, Children''s
narrow-gauge railroad, World War I Tank Mk V, Memorial Complex, and many more.\n\nAfter
the [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea]] the monument to [[Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny]]
in [[Sevastopol]] was removed and handed over to Kharkiv.<ref>{{ru icon}}
[http://www.sq.com.ua/rus/news/obschestvo/23.08.2014/v_harkove_poyavitsya_pamyatnik_sagajdachnomu/
A monument to Sahaidachny in Kharkov], Status quo (23 August 2014)</ref>\n\n==Media==\nThere
are a large number of broadcast and internet TV channels, AM/FM/PM/internet
radio-stations, and paper/internet newspapers in Kharkiv. Some are listed
below.\n\n===Newspapers===\n* \"Vremya\"\n* \"Vecherniy Kharkiv\"\n* \"Segodnya\"\n*
\"Vesti\"\n* \"Khar''kovskie Izvestiya\"\n\n===Magazines===\n* ''''Guberniya''''
<ref name=\"guberniya\">{{cite web|url=http://www.guberniya.net/|publisher=guberniya.net|title=\u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f
- \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===TV
stations===\n* \"Pershyi\" channel\n* \"Ukraine\" channel\n* \"Inter\" channel\n*
\"Oblastne Telebachennya\" channel\n\n===Radio stations===\n* \"Promin''\"\n*
\"Ukrains''ke Radio\"\n* \"Radio Kharkiv\"\n* \"Kharkiv Oblastne Radio\"\n*
\"Russkoe Radio Ukraina\"\n* \"Shanson\" <r\n* \"Retro FM\"\n\n===Online news
in English===\n* The Kharkiv Times\n* Kharkiv Observer\n\n==Sport==\n[[File:(79)
BYCICLE COMPETITION AT BYCICLE DAY IN CITY OF KHARKIV STATE OF UKRAINE PHOTOGRAPH
BY VIKTOR O LEDENYOV 20160709.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Bicycles racing competition
in Kharkiv at Bicycle Day on July 9, 2016]]\n[[File:KharkovEuro2012.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Kharkiv
EURO 2012 host city emblem]]\n\n===Kharkiv International Marathon===\nThe
Kharkiv International Marathon is considered as a prime international sportive
event, attracting many thousands of professional sportsmen, young people,
students, professors, locals and tourists to travel to Kharkiv and to participate
in the international event.<ref name=\"kharkivmarathon\">{{cite web|url=http://kharkivmarathon.com/en/|publisher=kharkivmarathon.com|title=Main
| 5th Kharkiv International Marathon|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref
name=\"marathonrunnersdiary\">{{cite web|url=http://www.marathonrunnersdiary.com/races/europe-marathons/kharkiv-international-marathon.php|publisher=marathonrunnersdiary.com|title=Kharkiv
International Marathon 2017 - Race Details - Marathon Runners Diary|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"sportevent\">{{cite web|url=http://sportevent.com.ua/events/kharkivmarathon2016/|publisher=sportevent.com.ua|title=Ukraine
Sport Events - \u0421\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435
\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"kharkov21\">{{cite web|url=http://blogs.kpi.kharkov.ua/v2/rmv/2016/04/09/kharkiv-international-marathon-2016/|publisher=blogs.kpi.kharkov.ua|title=Kharkiv
International Marathon 2016 « \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0422 \u041c\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0414\u042b\u0425
\u0423\u0427\u0401\u041d\u042b\u0425|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref>\n\n===Football
(soccer)===\nThe most popular sport is [[football (soccer)|football]]. The
city has several football clubs playing in the Ukrainian National competitions.
The most successful is ''''[[FC Dynamo Kharkiv]]'''' that won eight national
titles back in 1920s-1930s.\n\n* [[FC Metalist Kharkiv|Metalist Kharkiv]],
which plays at the [[Metalist Stadium]]\n* [[FC Kharkiv]], which plays at
the [[Dynamo Stadium (Kharkiv)|Dynamo Stadium]]\n* [[FC Helios]], which plays
at the [[Arsenal-Bavariya Stadium|Helios Arena]]\n* [[FC Arsenal Kharkiv]],
which plays at the [[Arsenal-Spartak Stadium]] (participates in regional competitions)\n\nThere
is also a female football club [[WFC Zhytlobud-1 Kharkiv]], which represented
Ukraine in the European competitions and constantly is the main contender
for the national title.\n\n[[Metalist Stadium]] hosted three group matches
at [[UEFA Euro 2012]].\n\n===Other sports===\nKharkiv also has an [[Ice hockey|Ice
Hockey]] club, HC Vityaz Kharkiv who compete in the Ukrainian Vyscha Liga.\n\n[[Avangard
Budy]] is a [[bandy]] club from Kharkiv, which won the Ukrainian championship
in 2013.\n\nThere is a men''s volleyball team [[Lokomotiv Kharkiv Volleyball|Lokomotiv
Kharkiv]] which performs in Ukraine and in the European competitions.\n\n[[RC
Olymp|RC Olimp'']] is the city''s [[rugby union]] club. They provide many
players for the [[Ukraine national rugby union team|national team]].\n\nTennis
is a very popular sport in Kharkiv. There are many professional tennis courts
in the city. [[Elina Svitolina]] is a tennis player from Kharkiv.\n\nThere
is a golf club in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"superiorresort\">{{cite web|url=http://www.superiorresort.com|publisher=superiorresort.com|title=\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444-\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0442
Superior Golf & Spa Resort \u0432 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nHorseriding as a sport is very popular among the locals.<ref
name=\"zabytki\">{{cite web|url=http://zabytki.in.ua/ru/430/kharkovskii-ippodrom|publisher=zabytki.in.ua|title=zabytki.in.ua/ru/430/kharkovskii-ippodrom|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"ippodrom\">{{cite web|url=http://ippodrom.pp.ua/publ/kharkovskij_ippodrom/28-1-0-2|publisher=ippodrom.pp.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0438\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref
name=\"ippodrom2\">{{cite web|url=http://ippodrom.pp.ua/|publisher=ippodrom.pp.ua|title=\u041a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref name=\"konezavod\">{{cite
web|url=http://konezavod.com/|publisher=konezavod.com|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u041a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 - \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0430
\u043b\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0435|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref> There are large stable and the horse riding facilities at
Feldman Ecopark in Kharkiv.<ref name=\"feldman-ecopark\">{{cite web|url=http://feldman-ecopark.com/en.html#|publisher=feldman-ecopark.com|title=feldman-ecopark.com/en.html#|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nThere is a growing interest to the cycling among the
locals.<ref name=\"vesti-ukr\">{{cite web|url=http://vesti-ukr.com/harkov/100881-v-harkove-ustanovili-velosipednyj-rekord|publisher=vesti-ukr.com|title=\u0412
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438
\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0434.
\u041b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e
\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c
\u0432 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0443
\u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430 | \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
| \u0412\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref><ref
name=\"nezabarom\">{{cite web|url=http://kharkov.nezabarom.ua/Muzei-Vystavki-Galerei/blogs/entry/3128/|publisher=kharkov.nezabarom.ua|title=\u0412\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c
\u0432 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 - \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref> There is a large bicycles producing plant in Kharkiv.<ref
name=\"usi\">{{cite web|url=http://usi.ua/velo/index.php?st=38|publisher=usi.ua|title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0412\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0417\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434
\u0438\u043c.\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e
- \u0432\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u044b, \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043a\u0438,
\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f
\u043e\u0442\u0434\u044b\u0445\u0430.|accessdate=18 June 2017}}</ref> Presently,
the modern bicycle highway is under the construction at \"Leso park\" district
in Kharkiv.\n\n==Sister cities==\n{{See also|List of twin towns and sister
cities in Ukraine}}\n\nKharkiv is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]]
with:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kharkov.vbelous.net/sisttown.htm |title=Sister
cities of Kharkiv|accessdate=4 May 2007|language=Russian}}</ref>\n\n*{{flagicon|RUS}}
[[Belgorod]], [[Russia]] (2001)<ref name=\"kha\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131024152249/http://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/city/index/
\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438
\u2013 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430
\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430] {{uk icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Bologna]],
Italy (1966)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Brno]], Czech Republic
(2005)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Brno\">{{cite web|url=http://www.brno.cz/index.php?nav02=1985&nav01=34&nav03=1010&nav04=1016&nav05=1249&nav06=1272|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825100926/http://www.brno.cz/index.php?nav02=1985&nav01=34&nav03=1010&nav04=1016&nav05=1249&nav06=1272|archivedate=25
August 2009|title=Brno \u2013 Partnersk\u00e1 m\u011bsta|publisher=\u00a9
2006\u20132009 [http://www.brno.cz/index.php?nav01=70&nav02=2224 City of Brno]|language=Czech|accessdate=17
July 2009}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|MNE}} [[Cetinje]], Montenegro (2011)<ref name=\"kh2011+\">[http://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/chornogorske-misto-tsetinye-stalo-partnerom-harkova-7507.html
\u0427\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e
\u0426\u0435\u0442\u0456\u043d\u044c\u0454 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e
\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430]{{uk
icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Cincinnati]], United States (1989)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref
name=\"USA\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070812023826/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/usa/ua/1608.htm
\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0432''\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438
\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438
\u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0428\u0410] {{uk icon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cincinnatisistercity.org/|title=OKI
Sister City Coalition}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|LVA}} [[Daugavpils]], Latvia (2006)<ref
name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Latvia\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121015194903/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/latvia/ua/26040.htm
\u041c\u0456\u0436\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435
\u0441\u043f\u0456\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e
\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u043e\u044e \u0442\u0430
\u041b\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0454\u044e] {{uk icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|TUR}}
[[Gaziantep]], Turkey (2011)<ref name=\"kh2011\">[http://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/harkiv-i-gaziantep-mista-pobratimi-7505.html
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0413\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043f
- \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438]{{uk
icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Jinan]], China (2004)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|LTU}}
[[Kaunas]], Lithuania (2001)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Lithuania\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121008174029/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/lithuania/ua/publication/content/41348.htm
\u0421\u043f\u0456\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e
\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438
\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438
\u041b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438]
{{uk icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|GEO}} [[Kutaisi]], Georgia (2005)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref
name=\"Kutaisi\">{{cite web|url=http://kutaisi.gov.ge/eng/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=81&Itemid=140
|title=Kutaisi City - International Relations - Sister Cities |publisher=Kutaisi
City Local Government |date=4 October 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003215934/http://kutaisi.gov.ge/eng/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=81&Itemid=140
|archivedate= 3 October 2011 |df= }}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Lille]], France
(1978)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"France\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121008234404/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/france/fr/publication/content/10806.htm
Partenariat et amiti\u00e9 existants\u0435ntre villes et r\u00e9gions de France
et d\u2018Ukraine] {{fr icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|Slovenia}} [[Maribor]],
Slovenia (2012)<ref name=\"Slovenia\">[http://www.maribor.si/podrocje.aspx?id=1162
Mestna ob\u010dina Maribor] {{sl icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Moscow]],
Russia (2001)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Nizhny Novgorod]], Russia
(2001)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Nuremberg]], Germany (1990)<ref
name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Germany\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20061230212248/http://www.kiew.diplo.de/Vertretung/kiew/uk/06/Staedtepartnerschaften/Liste.html
\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438
\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430
\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438] {{uk icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|POL}}
[[Pozna\u0144]], Poland (1998)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Poland\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ua/poland/ua/publication/content/32034.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008234642/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/poland/ua/publication/content/32034.htm|archivedate=8
October 2012 |title=\u0421\u043f\u0456\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430
\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0456 |publisher=Mfa.gov.ua |date= |accessdate=15
July 2012}}</ref><ref name=\"Pozna\u0144 twinnings\">{{cite web|url=http://www.poznan.pl/mim/publikacje/pages.html?co=list&id=19&ch=20&instance=1017&lang=pl
|title=Pozna\u0144 - Miasta partnerskie |accessdate=11 December 2013 |work=1998\u20132013
Urz\u0105d Miasta Poznania |publisher=City of Pozna\u0144 |language=Polish
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923062530/http://www.poznan.pl/mim/publikacje/pages.html?co=list&id=19&ch=20&instance=1017&lang=pl
|archivedate=23 September 2013 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref name=\"Pozna\u0144\">''''{{cite
web|url=http://www.poznan.pl/mim/public/publikacje/pages.html?co=list&id=19&ch=20&instance=1017&lang=pl|title=Pozna\u0144
Official Website \u2013 Twin Towns|accessdate=29 November 2008|publisher=\u00a9
1998\u20132008 Urz\u0105d Miasta Poznania|language=Polish}}''''</ref>\n*{{flagicon|ISR}}
[[Rishon LeZion]], Israel (2008)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Saint
Petersburg]], Russia (2003)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Spb\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060216184933/http://gov.spb.ru/day/inter
\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435
\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435
\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 || \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439
\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438
\u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0430]
{{ru icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Tianjin]], China (1993)<ref name=\"kha\"/>\n*{{flagicon|BUL}}
[[Varna]], Bulgaria (1995)<ref name=\"kha\"/><ref name=\"Bulgaria\">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121008044032/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/bulgaria/ua/publication/content/38988.htm
\u041f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0432''\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438
\u043c\u0456\u0436 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438
\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438
\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0456\u044f] {{uk icon}}</ref><ref name=\"BulKmv\">{{cite
web|url=http://www.kmv.gov.ua/print/news.asp?Id=20789|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928183506/http://www.kmv.gov.ua/print/news.asp?Id=20789|archivedate=28
September 2011 |title=\u0410\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f
\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0456
\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f
\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0438
\u0411\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0456\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438
\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0456\u0432\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e
|publisher=Kmv.gov.ua |date= |accessdate=20 April 2012}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|POL}}
[[Warsaw]], Poland (2011)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120328121853/http://news.dt.ua/SOCIETY/harkiv_i_varshava_stali_mistami-pobratimami-74667.html
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430
\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438-\u043f\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438]
{{uk icon}}</ref>\n*{{flagicon|IRQ}} [[Sulaymaniyah]], Iraqi Kurdistan (2015)\n\n==Nobel
and Fields prize winners==\n\n*[[Lev Landau]] \u2013 (originally from Baku)
a head of the department of theoretical physics at the [[Kharkiv Institute
of Physics and Technology]], a head of the department of experimental physics
and a lecturer at the department of theoretical physics at the [[Kharkiv State
University]], a head of the department of theoretical physics at the at [[Kharkiv
Polytechnic Institute]] 1932\u201337, Nobel Prize for Physics 1962\n*[[Simon
Kuznets]] (economics)\n*[[Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov|Ilya Mechnikov]] (medicine)\n*[[Vladimir
Drinfeld]] (mathematics)\n\n==Notable people==\nThe following people have
been born or have lived in Kharkiv:\n{{col-begin}}\n{{col-2}}\n*[[Boris Amromin]]
\u2014 Israeli ice hockey player\n*[[Nikolai P. Barabashov]] \u2014 astronomer,
co-author of the first pictures of the far side of the moon\n*[[Pavel Batitsky]]
\u2014 executed [[Lavrentiy Beria]] after Khrushchevs'' coup d''\u00e9tat
in 1953, and commander-in-chief of the Soviet Air Defense Forces from 1966
to 1978\n*[[Vladimir Bobri]] \u2014 illustrator, author, composer, educator
and guitar historian\n*[[Inna Bohoslovska]] \u2014 lawyer, politician and
leader of the Ukrainian public organization [[Viche]]\n*[[Sergei Bortkiewicz]]
\u2014 Russian [[Romantic music|Romantic]] [[composer]] and [[pianist]]\n*[[Maria
Burmaka]] \u2013 Ukrainian singer, musician and songwriter\n*[[Leonid Buryak]]
- football coach and former Olympic bronze-medal-winning player\n*[[Leonid
Bykov]] \u2013 Soviet actor, film director, and script writer\n*[[Adolphe
Mouron Cassandre]] \u2014 Ukrainian-French painter, commercial poster artist,
and [[typeface]] designer\n*[[Valentina Chepiga]] \u2013 [[Female bodybuilding|female
bodybuilder]] and 2000 [[Ms. Olympia]] champion\n*[[Juliya Chernetsky]] (Mistress
Juliya) \u2014 television host, actress, model, and music promoter in the
United States\n*[[Olga Danilov]] \u2014 Israeli Olympic speed skater\n* [[Alexander
Davidovich (wrestler)|Alexander Davidovich]] \u2014 Israeli Olympic wrestler\n*[[Andrey
Denisov]] \u2014 Russian diplomat\n*[[Vladimir Drinfeld]] \u2014 mathematician,
awarded Fields Medal in 1990\n*[[Isaak Dunayevsky]] \u2014 Soviet composer
and conductor\n*[[Konstanty Gorski]] \u2014 Polish composer, violist, organist,
and music teacher\n*[[Valentina Grizodubova]] \u2014 One of the first female
pilots in the Soviet Union\n*[[Lyudmila Gurchenko]] (Hurchenko) \u2013 Soviet
and Russian actress, singer and entertainer\n*[[Mikhail Gurevich (aircraft
designer)|Mikhail Gurevich]] \u2014 (originally from Rubanshchina) Soviet
aircraft designer, a partner (with [[Artem Mikoyan]]) of the [[MiG]] military
aviation bureau\n*[[Mikhail Gurevich (chess player)|Mikhail Gurevich]] \u2014
[[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]] chess player\n*[[Diana Harkusha]] \u2014 Miss Ukraine
Universe 2014 and [[Miss Universe 2014]]''s 2nd Runner-up\n*[[Leonid Haydamaka]]
\u2014 [[bandurist]], conductor, founder of first orchestra of Ukrainian folk
instruments\n*[[Maksym Kalynychenko]] \u2013 Ukrainian [[football (soccer)|football]]
player\n*[[Vasily Karazin]] \u2014 founder of Kharkiv University, which now
bears his name\n*[[Hnat Khotkevych]] \u2014 Ukrainian writer, ethnographer,
composer, bandurist\n*[[Mikhail Koshkin]] \u2014 (originally from Brynchagi),
chief designer of Soviet tank [[T-34]]\n*[[Olga Krasko]] \u2014 Russian actress\n*[[Mykola
Kulish]] \u2014 Ukrainian playwright\n*[[Les Kurbas]] \u2014 Ukrainian dramatist\n*[[Simon
Kuznets]] \u2014 [[Russian American]] [[economist]]\n*[[Alexander Voevodin]]
\u2014 biomedical scientist and educator\n{{col-break}}\n*[[Evgeny Lifshitz]]
\u2014 Soviet [[physicist]]\n*[[Eduard Limonov]] \u2014 writer, poet and controversial
politician\n*[[Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy]] \u2014 lead developer of Soviet Shuttle
[[Buran program]]\n*[[Aleksandr Lyapunov]] \u2014 Russian mathematician, mechanician
and physicist. Inventor of motion stability theory\n*[[Boris Mikhailov (photographer)|Boris
Mikhailov]] \u2014 photographer / artist\n*[[Mykola Mikhnovsky]] \u2014 Ukrainian
political leader and activist\n*[[Yuri Nikitin (author)|Yuri Nikitin]] \u2014
fantasy and science fiction writer\n*[[Henry Lion Oldie]] (Dmitry Gromov and
Oleg Ladyzhensky) \u2014 science fiction and fantasy writers\n*[[Igor Olshanetskyi]]
\u2014 Israeli Olympic weightlifter\n*[[Justine Pasek]] \u2014 [[Miss Universe
2002]]\n*[[Valerian Pidmohylny]] \u2014 Ukrainian poet\n*[[Irina Press]] \u2014
athlete who won two Olympic [[gold medal]]s\n*[[Tamara Press]] \u2014 Soviet
[[shot put]]ter and [[discus throw]]er\n*[[Olga Rapay-Markish]] \u2014 [[Ceramics|ceramicist]]\n*[[Igor
Rybak]] \u2014 Olympic champion lightweight weightlifter\n*[[Eugen Schauman]]
\u2013 Finnish nationalist who killed Russian general [[Nikolay Ivanovich
Bobrikov]] in 1904\n*[[Alexander Shchetynsky]] \u2014 composer\n*[[George
Shevelov]] \u2013 Ukrainian and Slavic linguist, philologist, essayist, literary
historian, and literary critic\n*[[Elena Sheynina]] \u2014 children''s author\n*[[Klavdiya
Shulzhenko]] \u2014 singer of the Soviet Union\n*[[Lev Shubnikov]] \u2014
Soviet experimental [[physicist]] who worked in the Netherlands and USSR\n*[[Alexander
Siloti]] \u2014 Russian pianist, [[Conducting|conductor]] and [[composer]]\n*[[Hryhorii
Skovoroda]] \u2013 poet, philosopher and composer\n*[[Karina Smirnoff]] \u2013
professional world champion dancer, starring on ''''[[Dancing with the Stars]]''''\n*[[Jura
Soyfer]] \u2014 Austrian political journalist and [[cabaret]] writer\n*[[Otto
Struve]] \u2014 Russian-American [[astronomer]]\n*[[Serafina Schachova]] \u2013
[[Nephrologist]]\n*[[Sergei Sviatchenko]] \u2013 artist\n*[[Mark Taimanov]]
\u2014 chess player and [[concert]] pianist\n*[[Ievgeniia Tetelbaum]] \u2014
Israeli Olympic synchronized swimmer\n*[[Nikolai Tikhonov]] \u2014 [[Premier
of the Soviet Union]]\n*[[Yevgeniy Timoshenko]] \u2014 professional poker
player\n*[[Anna Tsybuleva]] \u2014 pianist, winner of the [[Leeds International
Piano Competition]]\n*[[Anna Ushenina]] \u2014 women''s world chess champion\n*[[Vladimir
Vasyutin]] \u2014 Soviet [[cosmonaut]] of Ukrainian descent\n*[[Yury Vengerovsky]]
\u2014 Olympic gold medal winning volleyball player\n*[[Vitali Vitaliev]]
- journalist and author\n*[[Igor Vovchanchyn]] \u2013 Mixed martial artist\n*[[Vasyl
Yermylov]] \u2013 painter and [[design]]er\n*[[Serhiy Zhadan]] \u2014 poet,
novelist, and translator\n*[[Oleksandr Zhdanov]] - professional Ukrainian-Israeli
football defender\n*[[Irina Zhurina]] \u2013 opera singer, [[People''s Artist
of Russia]]\n*[[Alexander Zorich]] (Dmitry Gordevsky and Yana Botsman), science
fiction writers.\n{{col-end}}\n\n==Transport==\n[[File:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e - \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Pushkinska
(Kharkiv Metro)|Pushkinska station]] of [[Kharkiv Metro]]]]\n[[File:Kh Rail.JPG|thumb|150px|Kharkiv
Railway Station Main Entrance, August 2011]]\n[[File:\u042f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447
\u0414\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c21.jpg|thumb|150px|Historical
building of [[Kharkiv International Airport|Kharkiv Airport]]]]\nThe city
of Kharkiv is one of the largest transportation centers in Ukraine, which
is connected to numerous cities of the world by air, rail and road traffic.
The city has many transportation methods, including: public transport, taxis,
railways, and air traffic. There are about 250 thousand cars in the city.<ref>{{cite
web|author=Andrew Rybka |url=http://gortransport.kharkov.ua/news/6542/ |title=\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432
\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439.
\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438
\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e
\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f
\u0432 \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0430\u0445.
\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438
\u0431\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439
\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430
|publisher=Gortransport.kharkov.ua |date=2008-05-31 |accessdate=12 March 2013}}</ref>\n\n===Local
transport===\nBeing an important transportation centre of Ukraine, many different
means of transportation are available in Kharkiv. [[Kharkiv Metro|Kharkiv''s
Metro]] is the city''s rapid transit system operating since 1975. It includes
three different lines with 30 stations in total.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gortransport.kharkov.ua/subway/index.html
|title=Metro. Basic facts|accessdate=1 March 2011 |work=City transportation
Kharkiv |language=Ukrainian}}</ref><ref name=PPoPmK>[http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/364779.html
Poroshenko opens new subway station in Kharkiv], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (19
August 2016)</ref> The Kharkiv buses carry about 12 million passengers
annually. {{Citation needed|date=August 2016}} Trolleybuses, trams (which
celebrated its 100 years of service in 2006), and ''''[[marshrutka]]s''''
(private minibuses) are also important means of transportation in the city.\n\n===Railways===\nThe
first railway connection of Kharkiv was opened in 1869. The first train to
arrive in Kharkiv came from the north on 22 May 1869, and on 6 June 1869,
traffic was opened on the Kursk\u2013Kharkiv\u2013Azov line. Kharkiv''s passenger
railway station was reconstructed and expanded in 1901, to be later destroyed
in the [[Second World War]]. A new [[Kharkiv railway station]] was built in
1952.<ref name=\"uz\">{{cite web|url=http://uz.gov.ua/en/euro2012/stations/|publisher=uz.gov.ua|title=Railway
Stations :: Euro-2012 :: \u041e\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439
\u0432\u0435\u0431-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456|accessdate=18
June 2017}}</ref>\n\nKharkiv is connected with all main cities in Ukraine
and abroad by regular railway trains. Regional trains known as [[elektrichka]]s
connect Kharkiv with nearby towns and villages.\n\n===Air===\nKharkiv is served
by [[Kharkiv International Airport]] has been granted international status.
Charter flights are also available. The former largest carrier of the Kharkiv
Airport \u2014 Aeromost-Kharkiv \u2014 is not serving any regular destinations
{{As of|2007|lc=y}}. The [[Kharkiv North Airport]] is a factory airfield and
was a major production facility for [[Antonov|Antonov aircraft company]].\n\n==Recreation==\nKharkiv
contains numerous beautiful parks and gardens such as the Gor''ky park, Shevchenko
park, Hydro park, Strelka park, Feldman ecopark, etc.\n\n===Gor''ky park===\nThe
Gor''ky park is very popular place for recreation activities among the visitors
and local people.\n{{Gallery|title=Gor''ky park in Kharkiv|width=170|height=120|lines=2|align=center\n|File:(55)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(56)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(57)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(58)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(59)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(60)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(61)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(62)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(63)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(64)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(68)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(69)_GORKY_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Gor''ky
park in Kharkiv.\n}}\n\n===Shevchenko park===\nThe Shevchenko park is situated
in close proximity to the V.N. Karazin National University. It is also a very
attractive place for recreation activities among the students, professors,
locals and foreigners.\n{{Gallery|title=Shevchenko park in Kharkiv|width=170|height=120|lines=2|align=center\n|File:(70)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(71)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(72)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(73)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(74)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(75)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(76)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n|File:(78)_SHEVCHENKO_PARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160621.jpg|Shevchenko
park in Kharkiv.\n}}\n\n===Ecopark===\nThe Ecopark is situated at circle highway
around Kharkiv. It attracts the kids, parents, students, professors, locals
and foreigners to make the recreation activities. \n{{Gallery|title=Ecopark
in Kharkiv|width=170|height=120|lines=2|align=center\n|File:(01)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(02)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(03)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(04)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(05)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(06)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(07)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(08)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(09)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(10)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(11)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n|File:(12)_CHRYSANTHEMUM_FESTIVAL_AT_ECOPARK_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20161014.jpg|
Ecopark in Kharkiv.\n}}\n\n==Gallery==\n<gallery>\nFile:(31)_ST_ANNUNCIATION_ORTHODOX_CATHEDRAL_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160616.jpg|[[Annunciation
Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Annunciation Cathedral in Kharkiv]]\nFile:Kharkov City.jpg|[[Annunciation
Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Annunciation Cathedral in Kharkiv]]\nFile:1 \u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0449
\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442 VizuIMG 1665.JPG|[[Annunciation
Cathedral, Kharkiv|St. Annunciation Cathedral in Kharkiv]]\nFile:\u0427\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f_\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b_\u0422\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043d\u044b.jpg|Chapel
of [[Saint Tatiana]]\nFile:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0446
\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439..JPG|The
wedding palace in Kharkiv\nFile:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442.JPG|Main
building of [[University of Kharkiv|V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University]]\nFile:Gosprom
Kharkiv.jpg|View of renovated [[Derzhprom]] building\nFile:(32)_KHARKIV_ACADEMIC_OPERA_AND_BALLET_THEATER_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160616.jpg|Kharkiv
Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre\nFile:(33)_KHARKIV_ACADEMIC_OPERA_AND_BALLET_THEATER_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160616.jpg|Kharkiv
Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre\nFile:\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044b
\u0425\u0410\u0422\u041e\u0431\u0430.jpg|Fountains near Kharkiv Academic Opera
and Ballet Theatre\nFile:(36)_SUMSKOI_MARKET_IN_CITY_OF_KHARKIV_STATE_OF_UKRAINE_PHOTOGRAPH_BY_VIKTOR_O_LEDENYOV_20160616.jpg|Sumskoi
market in Kharkiv\nFile:Kharkiv circus.jpg|Kharkiv Circus\nFile:Kharkov_train_station.jpg|Kharkiv
Railway Station\nFile:Henryk Siemiradzki 007.jpeg|Painting by [[Henryk Siemiradzki]],
Fine Arts Museum, Kharkiv\nFile:Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (sketch,
1893, Kharkiv).jpg|Ilya Repin''s [[Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks]] painting
stored at the Kharkiv Art Museum\nFile:\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f
\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u044f \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430.JPG|[[Park of
Maxim Gorky]]\nFile:\u0421\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f
\u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430.JPG|Family entertainment area of the [[Park of Maxim
Gorky|Park]]\nFile:\u0421\u0443\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a
\u043c\u044f\u0447\u0443.jpg|Soccer ball monument\nFile:Drobitskiy_menora.jpg|[[Drobytsky
Yar|Drobitskiy Menora]]\nFile:Kharkiv_zoo.jpg|Lord [[Ganesha]] in Kharkiv
Zoo\nFile:\u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439
\u0414\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439.JPG|Dolphinarium
in Kharkiv\n</gallery>\n\n==Footnotes==\n{{Notelist|2}}\n\n==References==\n{{Reflist|30em|refs=\n<ref
name=Navalny140923>{{cite news |url= https://navalny.com/p/3836/ |script-title=ru:\u0421\u043e\u0446\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441
\u0424\u0411\u041a \u043f\u043e \u0425\u0430\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439
\u0438 \u041e\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c.
\u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430, \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f,
\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f |language= Russian
|trans_title= Survey of Kharkov and Odessa Oblasts |first= Alexei |last= Navalny
|publisher= navalny.com |date= 23 September 2014 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20140923121221/https://navalny.com/p/3836/
|archivedate= 23 September 2014 |deadurl= no }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=DT150103>{{cite
news |url= http://dt.ua/UKRAINE/lishe-3-ukrayinciv-hochut-priyednannya-yih-oblasti-do-rosiyi-160641_.html
|script-title=uk:\u041b\u0438\u0448\u0435 3% \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0432
\u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f
\u0457\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0456\u0457
|language= Ukrainian |trans_title= Only 3% of Ukrainians want their region
to become part of Russia |work= [[Dzerkalo Tyzhnia]] |date= 3 January 2015
}}</ref>\n}}\n\n==Bibliography==\n{{See also|Timeline of Kharkiv#Bibliography|l1=Bibliography
of the history of Kharkiv}}\n\n==External links==\n{{Portal|Ukraine}}\n{{Sister
project links|Kharkiv|voy=Kharkiv}}\n*[http://www.infocity.kharkov.ua/ Citynet
UA] \u2014 Official website of Kharkiv City Information Centre {{en icon}}/{{uk
icon}}\n*[http://www.city.kharkov.ua/ Misto Kharkiv] \u2014 Official website
of Kharkiv City Council {{en icon}}/{{uk icon}}\n\n{{Kharkiv Oblast}}\n{{Administrative
divisions of Ukraine}}\n{{Cities in Ukraine}}\n{{Capitals of Ukraine}}\n{{2014
pro-Russian conflict in Ukraine}}\n{{Authority control}}\n\n[[Category:Kharkiv|
]]\n[[Category:Cities in Kharkiv Oblast]]\n[[Category:Kharkov Governorate]]\n[[Category:Populated
places established in 1654]]\n[[Category:Former capitals of Ukraine]]\n[[Category:Cities
of regional significance in Ukraine]]\n[[Category:Articles containing video
clips]]\n[[Category:1654 establishments in Russia]]\n[[Category:Holocaust
locations in Ukraine]]\n[[Category:Oblast centers in Ukraine]]\n[[Category:Cities
and towns built in the Sloboda Ukraine]]"}],"contentmodel":"wikitext","pagelanguage":"en","pagelanguagehtmlcode":"en","pagelanguagedir":"ltr","touched":"2017-09-10T12:23:41Z","lastrevid":798528392,"length":128543,"fullurl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv","editurl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kharkiv&action=edit","canonicalurl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv"}}}}'
http_version:
recorded_at: Sun, 10 Sep 2017 19:36:15 GMT
recorded_with: VCR 3.0.3