documents/northstarst.com/message-formats-4-byte-sensor-data.html
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<p lang="en-US" class="western" align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt"><b>MESSAGE
FORMATS</b></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt"><b>FOR
THE </b></font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt"><b>FOUR-BYTE
SENSOR DATA</b></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt"><b>BROADCAST
BY</b></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" align="center" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="4" style="font-size: 14pt"><b>North
Star PTT TRANSMITTERS</b></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">A.
</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b>Introduction</b></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
document describes the message formats used to transmit sensor data
collected by North Star 20gm, 30gm and 80gm, and 40 gm solar Argos
certified transmitters (in fact, all North Star birdborne PTTs).
Each of the message formats used will be discussed along with
examples of how each message is decoded.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">B.
</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b>Sensor
Data Collected</b></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
standard sensor data collected and broadcast by the North Star
transmitters are;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Current
Season</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Activity
Counter</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Transmission
Counter</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Temperature</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> System
Week</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and, System
Hour.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
following describes each of these in greater detail.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (1)
Current Season - A season is defined as an ON/OFF transmit sequence
over a specified number of cycles. For example, one season may
consist ten repetitions (cycles) of transmissions (ON) every 61
seconds for 8 hours followed by no transmissions (OFF) for 22 hours.
Each transmitter typically operates through 6-7 predefined seasons.
The "current season" is a number typically 1-7 indicating
the ON/OFF sequence currently in effect.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (2)
Activity Counter - This is a single byte (8-bit) counter used to give
a relative indication of transmitter movement. The transmitter
checks the state of an on-board mercury switch every system minute
(approximately 61.44 sec.) to see if the current state is different
from the previous state. If the state has changed the Activity
Counter is incremented. This counter rolls-over whenever the maximum
value of 255 is reached (i.e. 254, 255, then 0, 1, etc.). The
Activity Counter is updated every system minute throughout the life
of the transmitter. This includes the period during which the
transmitter is disabled, and during both the periods of transmission
ON of OFF while the transmitter is enabled.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (3)
Transmission Counter - The transmission counter is a two-byte
counter, which records the total number of transmissions since the
battery was applied. A total of 65535 counts occur before counter
roll-over. This counter provides a good indication of the remaining
life of a transmitter.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (4)
Battery Voltage - The battery voltage is measured while the
transmitter is performing a dummy transmission load on the battery.
After the transmitter is enabled (i.e. the magnetic is removed) a
battery voltage measurement is made within the first system minute
(61.44 sec.) and will there afterwards be made whenever the
transmitter transitions from the ON transmit segment to the OFF
transmit segment of each cycle within a season. The battery voltage
is a single byte unsigned integer computed using the following
formula:</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 2 x (Bat_volt_byte) x (0.01)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (5)
Temperature - The temperature is in degrees centegrade. Negative
temperatures are given in two's complement representation. The
temperature is a single byte signed (two's complement) integer.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (6)
System Hour - The "System Hour" count is a single byte
counter, which records the actual number of hours since the battery
was connected. This counter increments independent of whether the
transmitter is enabled.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" style="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Note:
The on-board system minutes counter is incremented every 61.44
seconds (based on a 32 Khz oscillator). The "System Hours"
approximates standard hours by using only 59 system minutes. Thus,
59 [system minutes] x 61.44 [seconds/system minutes] = 3624.96
[standard seconds] which is about 25 seconds more than a standard
Hour (3600 standard seconds).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (7)
System Week - The "System Week" count is a single byte
counter, which records the number of hours since the battery was
connected. This counter increments independent of whether the
transmitter is enabled. The "System Week" is 167 "System
Hours" which exceeds the standard week by about 568 seconds
(about 9.5 minutes).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%; page-break-before: always">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">C.
</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b>Sensor
Message Decoding</b></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Each
message consists of a 4-byte data stream, which contains three
sections; a message ID, the sensor data, and the message checksum.
Thus the 4-byte data stream has the following format;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><u><b>Message
Byte</b></u></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><u><b>Description</b></u></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO">0 Message_ID</span></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="nb-NO" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1 Sensor_Byte_0</font></font></p>
<p lang="nb-NO" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 2 Sensor_Byte_1</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"> </span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">3 Message_Checksum</font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
following messages are currently used;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"><u><b>Message_ID</b></u></span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"> </span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"><u><b>Sensor_Byte_0</b></u></span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"> </span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO"><u><b>Sensor_Byte_1</b></u></span></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO">
</span></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">00 Current
Season Activity Count</font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
01 Tx Count (MSB) Tx Count (LSB)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
02 Battery Voltage Temperature (C)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
03 System Week System Hour</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
message ID is a unique single byte number identifying the sensor data
which is contained in the message. For example message 00 will always
contain the Current Season (Sensor_Byte_0) and the Activity Count
(Sensor_Byte_1). As new sensors become available new unique message
IDs will be assigned.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
Message Checksum is simply formed by exclusive ORing the Message_ID
byte, Sensor_Byte_0 and Sensor_Byte_1.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">For
example suppose (using hexadecimal numbers, i.e. number base is 8 and
denoted using the suffix "H") the Message_ID = 02H,
Sensor_Byte_0 (Battery Voltage) = B7H, and Sensor_Byte_1
(Temperature, Celsius) = 14H. Then the checksum would be,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (02H)
XOR (B7H) XOR (14H) = A1H</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">or
in decimal notation,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (02)
XOR (183) XOR (20) = 161.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
sensor data is decoded as follows;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (1)
Current Season</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
is the integer value of the data received.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (2)
Activity Count</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
is the integer value of the data received. </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (3)
Transmission Counter</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Combine
the hexadecimal value of the two bytes received and convert to
decimal notation. For example, if the Transmission Counter is given
as,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Sensor_Byte_0
= 03 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Sensor_Byte_1
= 245 (decimal).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">First
convert to hexadecimal notation,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><span lang="nb-NO">Sensor_Byte_0
= 03 => 03H</span></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="nb-NO" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Sensor_Byte_1
= 245 => F5H.</font></font></p>
<p lang="nb-NO" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Next
form a single (two-byte) number,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 03H
and F5H become 03F5H.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Finally,
convert the number to decimal,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 03F5H
=> 1013 (decimal).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (4)
Battery Voltage (volts)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Convert
the received data (Bat_volt_byte) using the following formula;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 2 x (Bat_volt_byte) x (0.01)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">For
example, if the Bat_volt_byte received is B7H (i.e. 183 decimal) then
the actual battery voltage is</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 2 X (183) X (0.01) (volts)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">or,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 3.66 (volts).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
</font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (5)
Temperature (Centigrade)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
is the signed integer value of the received data in whole degrees.
Signed integers use the most significant bit to indicate whether the
number is positive (in binary notation bit 7 = 0) or negative (bit 7
= 1).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Positive
numbers are converted directly to integers. Negative numbers require
that a two's complement conversion of the received data be performed
to get the signed integer result. In order to perform a two's
complement conversion,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">first
complement the number and then add a one to the result, remembering
to append the negative sign to the number. For example, signed
integer ECH is converted to a "signed" number as follows,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
ECH = 1110 1100 (binary)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
Complement of ECH = 0001 0011</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Two's
complement of ECH = (-) (0001 0011) + (0000 0001)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
(-) (0001 0100) (binary)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
(-) 14H (hexadecimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
(-) 20 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">On
the other hand, if the temperature data is 14H then since the sign
bit (bit 7) is positive the temperature is positive,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Temperature
= 14H = 0001 0100 (binary) = 20 (decimal) </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Temperature
= (+) 20 centigrade.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (6)
System Hour Count</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
is the integer value of the data received. Remember a "System
Hour" equals about 3624.96 standard seconds. </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (7)
System Week Count</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> This
is the integer value of the data received. Remember a "System
Week" is 167 "System Hours". Thus a "System
Week" is about 605368.32 standard seconds which is exceeds a
standard week by about 568 seconds. </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">D.
</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b>Examples
of Sensor Message Decoding</b></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b> </b></font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">This
section will decode data from an actual report received from Service
Argos. The report segment is as follows;</font></font></font><font color="#000000"><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b> </b></font></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">xxxxx
12927 9 4 J 3 1999-05-12 20:39:41 43.118 281.719 1.000
401649865</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:36:06 1 01 32 55 22</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:37:07 1 02 164 35 133</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:38:08 1 03 02 162 163</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:39:10 1 00 01 47 46</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:40:11 1 01 32 59 26</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:41:13 1 02 164 35 133</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:42:14 1 03 02 162 163</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:43:16 1 00 01 47 46</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Notice
that there are four bytes of data and that the data is given in
decimal. Thus the two-byte Transmission counter will be the only
conversion requiring a additional computation. There are four
different message IDs found in this example; Message_IDs 00, 01, 02,
and 03. </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (1)
Sample Message ID 00 Decoding </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Using
the following transmitted data,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>a</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>b</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>c</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>d</u></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:39:10 1 00 01 47 46</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> we
have,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 00</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = Current Season = 01</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = Activity Count = 47 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> d
=> Message_Checksum = 46</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
first step is to verify that there is a low probability of data
errors by computing the "received" checksum and comparing
it to the "Sent" Message_Checksum. The two numbers should
be equal.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
"received" checksum is found by exclusive ORing (EOR) the
first three bytes of the message. The definition of Exclusive OR is
as follows:</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Exclusive
OR - A Boolean logic operation performed between specified numbers on
a bit-by-bit basis. A logic one is left in the result if either bit
in any bit position of either number is a one. A logic zero is left
if both are logic one or both are logic zero.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus,
</font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> first
convert the decimal data to binary numbers</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 00 = 00H = 0000 0000</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = 01 = 01H = 0000 0001</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = 47 = 2FH = 0010 1111,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> next
compute the received checksum,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 00 EOR 01 EOR 47</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 0000 0000 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> EOR 0000
0001</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> EOR 0010
1111</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
---------</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 0010 1110 (binary)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 2EH (hexadecimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 46 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">So
the "received" checksum equals the "transmitted"
checksum.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
next step is to decode Sensor_Byte_0 (b), which for Message_ID 00 is
the Current Season. The current season is simply 01.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Finally,
decode Sensor_Byte_1 (c) which for Message_ID 00 is the Activity
Count. The Activity Count is simply 47.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%; page-break-before: always">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">(2)
Sample Message ID 01 Decoding </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Using
the following transmitted data,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>a</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>b</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>c</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>d</u></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:40:11 1 01 32 59 26</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> we
have,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 01</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = Tx Count (MSB) = 32</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = Tx Count (LSB) = 59 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> d
=> Message_Checksum = 26</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
first step is to verify that there is a low probability of data
errors by computing the "received" checksum and comparing
it to the "Sent" Message_Checksum. The two numbers should
be equal.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
"received" checksum is found by exclusive ORing (EOR) the
first three bytes of the message</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus,
</font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> first
convert the decimal data to binary numbers</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 01 = 01H = 0000 0001</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = 32 = 20H = 0010 0000</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = 59 = 3BH = 0011 1011,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> next
compute the received checksum,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 01 EOR 32 EOR 59</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 0000 0001 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> EOR 0010
0000</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> EOR 0011
1011</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
---------</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 0001 1010 (binary)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 1AH (hexadecimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 26 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">So
the "received" checksum equals the "transmitted"
checksum.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Since
the Transmission count consists of two bytes, first convert the data
to hexadecimal notation, combine, and reconvert back to decimal.
Thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Sensor_Byte_0
= Tx Count (MSB) = 32 = 20H</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Sensor_Byte_1
= Tx Count (LSB) = 59 = 3BH.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-left: 1.27cm; margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%; page-break-before: always">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
combined (two-byte) transmission count is then,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Tx
Count = 203BH (hexadecimal) = 8251 (decimal).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (3)
Sample Message ID 02 Decoding</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Using
the following transmitted data,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>a</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>b</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>c</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>d</u></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:41:13 1 02 164 35 133</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> we
have,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 02</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = Battery_Voltage = 164</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = Temperature = 35 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> d
=> Message_Checksum = 133</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
first step is to verify that there is a low probability of data
errors by computing the "received" checksum and comparing
it to the "Sent" Message_Checksum. The two numbers should
be equal.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
"received" checksum is found by exclusive ORing (EOR) the
first three bytes of the message. </font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"><b>Note
that exclusive ORing the decimal values produces the same result as
the binary values.</b></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus,
using the decimal values,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 02 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = 164 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = 35,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> next
compute the received checksum,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 02 EOR 164 EOR 35</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 133 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">So
the "received" checksum equals the "transmitted"
checksum.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
next step is to decode Sensor_Byte_0 (b) which for Message_ID 02 is
the Battery voltage. The raw battery voltage data (Bat_volt_byte) is
converted to the actual battery voltage using the formula:</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 2 x (Bat_volt_byte) x (0.01)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%; page-break-before: always">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus,
here</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> bat_volt_byte
= 164 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
so,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 2 x (164) x (0.01) [volts]</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
or.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Battery
Voltage = 3.28 [volts].</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Finally,
decode Sensor_Byte_1 (c) which for Message_ID 02 is the Temperature
(centigrade). The value received for the temperature is 35
(decimal). First check the value of the sign bit by converting to
binary,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> temperature
= 35 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
23H (hexadecimal) </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
0010 0011 (binary).</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Since
the sign bit is 0 the temperature is positive and the decoding is
straight forward. Thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Temperature =
35 [degrees Centigrade]</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> or</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Temperature =
95 [degrees Fahrenheit].</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> (4)
Sample Message ID 03 Decoding </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Using
the following transmitted data,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>a</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>b</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>c</u></font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">
</font></font><font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt"><u>d</u></font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="2" style="font-size: 9pt">1999-05-12
20:42:14 1 03 02 162 163</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> we
have,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 03</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> thus,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = System Week = 02</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = System Hour = 162 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> d
=> Message_Checksum = 163</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
first step is to verify that there is a low probability of data
errors by computing the "received" checksum and comparing
it to the "Sent" Message_Checksum. The two numbers should
be equal.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> The
"received" checksum is found by exclusive ORing (EOR) the
first three bytes of the message. </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus,
using the decimal values,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> a
=> Message_ID = 03 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> b
=> Sensor_Byte_0 = 02 </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> c
=> Sensor_Byte_1 = 162,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> next
compute the received checksum,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 03 EOR 02 EOR 162</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Received
Checksum = 163 (decimal)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">So
the "received" checksum equals the "transmitted"
checksum.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">The
next step is to decode Sensor_Byte_0 (b), which for Message_ID 03 is
the System Week. The System Week is simply 02. Thus the number of
weeks since the battery was first connected to the transmitter is 2.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Finally,
decode Sensor_Byte_1 (c) which for Message_ID 03 is the System Hour
Count. Thus along with the System Week the transmitter has been
connected to a battery for 2 weeks and 162 hours. Since this is in
system time, standard time can be calculated using the formulas;</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1
System Minute = 61.44 standard seconds</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1
System Hour = 59 System Minutes </font></font>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
3624.96 standard seconds</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1
System Week = 167 System Hours</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> =
605368.32 standard seconds.</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">Thus
for the transmitted data the total run time of the transmitter in
standard seconds is,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Run
Time = 2 System Weeks + 162 System Hours</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Run
Time = 2 X (605368.32) + 162 X (3624.96) [sec]</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Run
Time = 1,797,980.16 [sec]</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> and
since</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1
Hour = 3600 seconds</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> 1
Week = (7 days) X (24 Hours) X (3600 seconds)</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt">
= 604,800 seconds,</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> Run
Time = 2 standard weeks + 163.43 standard hours .</font></font></p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<br>
</p>
<p lang="en-US" class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 100%">
<font face="Courier New, monospace"><font size="3" style="font-size: 12pt"> </font></font></p>
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