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Similar blocks of code found in 5 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

def main6(max_iter):
    # test Adadelta optimizer

    n_classes, X_train, y_train = get_data()
Severity: Major
Found in examples/mlp-mnist.py and 4 other locations - About 7 hrs to fix
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 71..85
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 88..102
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 122..136
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 139..153

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 117.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

Similar blocks of code found in 5 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

def main7(max_iter):
    # test Adam optimizer

    n_classes, X_train, y_train = get_data()
Severity: Major
Found in examples/mlp-mnist.py and 4 other locations - About 7 hrs to fix
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 71..85
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 88..102
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 105..119
examples/mlp-mnist.py on lines 139..153

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 117.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

        for h in range(len(self.hidden_layer.neurons)):
            for w_ih in range(len(self.hidden_layer.neurons[h].weights)):
                # ∂Eⱼ/∂wᵢ = ∂E/∂zⱼ * ∂zⱼ/∂wᵢ
                pd_error_wrt_weight = pd_errors_wrt_hidden_neuron_total_net_input[h] * self.hidden_layer.neurons[
                    h].calculate_pd_total_net_input_wrt_weight(w_ih)
Severity: Major
Found in docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py and 1 other location - About 7 hrs to fix
docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py on lines 106..113

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 110.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

        for o in range(len(self.output_layer.neurons)):
            for w_ho in range(len(self.output_layer.neurons[o].weights)):
                # ∂Eⱼ/∂wᵢⱼ = ∂E/∂zⱼ * ∂zⱼ/∂wᵢⱼ
                pd_error_wrt_weight = pd_errors_wrt_output_neuron_total_net_input[o] * self.output_layer.neurons[
                    o].calculate_pd_total_net_input_wrt_weight(w_ho)
Severity: Major
Found in docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py and 1 other location - About 7 hrs to fix
docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py on lines 116..123

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 110.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

Identical blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

    def connect_to(self, prev_layer=None):
        if prev_layer is None:
            assert self.n_in is not None
            n_in = self.n_in
        else:
Severity: Major
Found in npdl/layers/core.py and 1 other location - About 6 hrs to fix
npdl/layers/core.py on lines 39..48

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 99.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

Identical blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
Open

    def connect_to(self, prev_layer=None):
        if prev_layer is None:
            assert self.n_in is not None
            n_in = self.n_in
        else:
Severity: Major
Found in npdl/layers/core.py and 1 other location - About 6 hrs to fix
npdl/layers/core.py on lines 120..129

Duplicated Code

Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

Tuning

This issue has a mass of 99.

We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

Refactorings

Further Reading

File optimizers.py has 371 lines of code (exceeds 250 allowed). Consider refactoring.
Open

"""
Functions to generate Theano update dictionaries for training.

The update functions implement different methods to control the learning
rate for use with stochastic gradient descent.
Severity: Minor
Found in npdl/optimizers.py - About 4 hrs to fix

    Function backward has a Cognitive Complexity of 32 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
    Open

        def backward(self, pre_grad, *args, **kwargs):

        # shape
        assert pre_grad.shape == self.last_output.shape
        nb_batch, input_depth, old_img_h, old_img_w = self.last_input.shape
    Severity: Minor
    Found in npdl/layers/convolution.py - About 4 hrs to fix

    Cognitive Complexity

    Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

    A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

    • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
    • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
    • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

    Further reading

    File activations.py has 357 lines of code (exceeds 250 allowed). Consider refactoring.
    Open

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
Non-linear activation functions for artificial neurons.
    Severity: Minor
    Found in npdl/activations.py - About 4 hrs to fix

      Function backward has a Cognitive Complexity of 29 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def backward(self, pre_grad, *args, **kwargs):
        self.dW = _zero(self.W.shape)
        self.dU = _zero(self.U.shape)
        self.db = _zero(self.b.shape)
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/layers/recurrent.py - About 4 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Function backward has a Cognitive Complexity of 26 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def backward(self, pre_grad, *args, **kwargs):
        new_h, new_w = self.out_shape[-2:]
        pool_h, pool_w = self.pool_size
        length = np.prod(self.pool_size)
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/layers/pooling.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Function forward has a Cognitive Complexity of 26 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def forward(self, input, *args, **kwargs):

        # shape
        self.input_shape = input.shape
        pool_h, pool_w = self.pool_size
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/layers/pooling.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Function forward has a Cognitive Complexity of 26 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def forward(self, input, *args, **kwargs):
        # shape
        self.input_shape = input.shape
        pool_h, pool_w = self.pool_size
        new_h, new_w = self.out_shape[-2:]
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/layers/pooling.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Function backward has a Cognitive Complexity of 26 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def backward(self, pre_grad, *args, **kwargs):
        new_h, new_w = self.out_shape[-2:]
        pool_h, pool_w = self.pool_size

        layer_grads = _zero(self.input_shape)
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/layers/pooling.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                  for i in range(self.num_inputs):
                if not hidden_layer_weights:
                    self.hidden_layer.neurons[h].weights.append(random.random())
                else:
                    self.hidden_layer.neurons[h].weights.append(hidden_layer_weights[weight_num])
      Severity: Major
      Found in docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py and 1 other location - About 3 hrs to fix
      docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py on lines 56..61

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 69.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                  for h in range(len(self.hidden_layer.neurons)):
                if not output_layer_weights:
                    self.output_layer.neurons[o].weights.append(random.random())
                else:
                    self.output_layer.neurons[o].weights.append(output_layer_weights[weight_num])
      Severity: Major
      Found in docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py and 1 other location - About 3 hrs to fix
      docs/tutorials/mlp_bp.py on lines 46..51

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 69.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Function get has a Cognitive Complexity of 23 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

      def get(initialization):
    if initialization.__class__.__name__ == 'str':
        if initialization in ['zero', 'Zero']:
            return Zero()
        if initialization in ['one', 'One']:
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/initializations.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def __init__(self, beta1=0.9, beta2=0.999, epsilon=1e-8, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Adamax, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.beta1 = beta1
        self.beta2 = beta2
      Severity: Major
      Found in npdl/optimizers.py and 1 other location - About 3 hrs to fix
      npdl/optimizers.py on lines 399..407

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 64.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def __init__(self, beta1=0.9, beta2=0.999, epsilon=1e-8, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Adam, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.beta1 = beta1
        self.beta2 = beta2
      Severity: Major
      Found in npdl/optimizers.py and 1 other location - About 3 hrs to fix
      npdl/optimizers.py on lines 451..459

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 64.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Function fit has a Cognitive Complexity of 22 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def fit(self, X, Y, max_iter=100, batch_size=64, shuffle=True,
            validation_split=0., validation_data=None, file=sys.stdout):

        # prepare data
        train_X = X.astype(get_dtype()) if np.issubdtype(np.float64, X.dtype) else X
      Severity: Minor
      Found in npdl/model.py - About 3 hrs to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

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