Showing 686 of 688 total issues
Expected '!==' and instead saw '!='. Open
if (out.o[i].text != null) {
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Require === and !== (eqeqeq)
It is considered good practice to use the type-safe equality operators ===
and !==
instead of their regular counterparts ==
and !=
.
The reason for this is that ==
and !=
do type coercion which follows the rather obscure Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm.
For instance, the following statements are all considered true
:
[] == false
[] == ![]
3 == "03"
If one of those occurs in an innocent-looking statement such as a == b
the actual problem is very difficult to spot.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating the type-unsafe equality operators.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint eqeqeq: "error"*/
if (x == 42) { }
if ("" == text) { }
if (obj.getStuff() != undefined) { }
The --fix
option on the command line automatically fixes some problems reported by this rule. A problem is only fixed if one of the operands is a typeof
expression, or if both operands are literals with the same type.
Options
always
The "always"
option (default) enforces the use of ===
and !==
in every situation (except when you opt-in to more specific handling of null
[see below]).
Examples of incorrect code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a == b
foo == true
bananas != 1
value == undefined
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
Examples of correct code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a === b
foo === true
bananas !== 1
value === undefined
typeof foo === 'undefined'
'hello' !== 'world'
0 === 0
true === true
foo === null
This rule optionally takes a second argument, which should be an object with the following supported properties:
-
"null"
: Customize how this rule treatsnull
literals. Possible values:-
always
(default) - Always use === or !==. -
never
- Never use === or !== withnull
. -
ignore
- Do not apply this rule tonull
.
-
smart
The "smart"
option enforces the use of ===
and !==
except for these cases:
- Comparing two literal values
- Evaluating the value of
typeof
- Comparing against
null
Examples of incorrect code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
// comparing two variables requires ===
a == b
// only one side is a literal
foo == true
bananas != 1
// comparing to undefined requires ===
value == undefined
Examples of correct code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
allow-null
Deprecated: Instead of using this option use "always" and pass a "null" option property with value "ignore". This will tell eslint to always enforce strict equality except when comparing with the null
literal.
["error", "always", {"null": "ignore"}]
When Not To Use It
If you don't want to enforce a style for using equality operators, then it's safe to disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected '===' and instead saw '=='. Open
if ( ns[ n[i] ] == null )
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- Exclude checks
Require === and !== (eqeqeq)
It is considered good practice to use the type-safe equality operators ===
and !==
instead of their regular counterparts ==
and !=
.
The reason for this is that ==
and !=
do type coercion which follows the rather obscure Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm.
For instance, the following statements are all considered true
:
[] == false
[] == ![]
3 == "03"
If one of those occurs in an innocent-looking statement such as a == b
the actual problem is very difficult to spot.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating the type-unsafe equality operators.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint eqeqeq: "error"*/
if (x == 42) { }
if ("" == text) { }
if (obj.getStuff() != undefined) { }
The --fix
option on the command line automatically fixes some problems reported by this rule. A problem is only fixed if one of the operands is a typeof
expression, or if both operands are literals with the same type.
Options
always
The "always"
option (default) enforces the use of ===
and !==
in every situation (except when you opt-in to more specific handling of null
[see below]).
Examples of incorrect code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a == b
foo == true
bananas != 1
value == undefined
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
Examples of correct code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a === b
foo === true
bananas !== 1
value === undefined
typeof foo === 'undefined'
'hello' !== 'world'
0 === 0
true === true
foo === null
This rule optionally takes a second argument, which should be an object with the following supported properties:
-
"null"
: Customize how this rule treatsnull
literals. Possible values:-
always
(default) - Always use === or !==. -
never
- Never use === or !== withnull
. -
ignore
- Do not apply this rule tonull
.
-
smart
The "smart"
option enforces the use of ===
and !==
except for these cases:
- Comparing two literal values
- Evaluating the value of
typeof
- Comparing against
null
Examples of incorrect code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
// comparing two variables requires ===
a == b
// only one side is a literal
foo == true
bananas != 1
// comparing to undefined requires ===
value == undefined
Examples of correct code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
allow-null
Deprecated: Instead of using this option use "always" and pass a "null" option property with value "ignore". This will tell eslint to always enforce strict equality except when comparing with the null
literal.
["error", "always", {"null": "ignore"}]
When Not To Use It
If you don't want to enforce a style for using equality operators, then it's safe to disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Use ‘===’ to compare with ‘null’. Open
if ( n[i].text != null && n[i+1].text == null && n[i].row + 1 < o.length && o[ n[i].row + 1 ].text == null &&
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Disallow Null Comparisons (no-eq-null)
Comparing to null
without a type-checking operator (==
or !=
), can have unintended results as the comparison will evaluate to true when comparing to not just a null
, but also an undefined
value.
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
Rule Details
The no-eq-null
rule aims reduce potential bug and unwanted behavior by ensuring that comparisons to null
only match null
, and not also undefined
. As such it will flag comparisons to null when using ==
and !=
.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
while (qux != null) {
baz();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo === null) {
bar();
}
while (qux !== null) {
baz();
}
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Unnecessary semicolon. Open
};
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disallow unnecessary semicolons (no-extra-semi)
Typing mistakes and misunderstandings about where semicolons are required can lead to semicolons that are unnecessary. While not technically an error, extra semicolons can cause confusion when reading code.
Rule Details
This rule disallows unnecessary semicolons.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-semi: "error"*/
var x = 5;;
function foo() {
// code
};
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-semi: "error"*/
var x = 5;
var foo = function() {
// code
};
When Not To Use It
If you intentionally use extra semicolons then you can disable this rule.
Related Rules
- [semi](semi.md)
- [semi-spacing](semi-spacing.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Move the invocation into the parens that contain the function. Open
(function() {
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Require IIFEs to be Wrapped (wrap-iife)
You can immediately invoke function expressions, but not function declarations. A common technique to create an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE) is to wrap a function declaration in parentheses. The opening parentheses causes the contained function to be parsed as an expression, rather than a declaration.
// function expression could be unwrapped
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}();
// function declaration must be wrapped
function () { /* side effects */ }(); // SyntaxError
Rule Details
This rule requires all immediately-invoked function expressions to be wrapped in parentheses.
Options
This rule has two options, a string option and an object option.
String option:
-
"outside"
enforces always wrapping the call expression. The default is"outside"
. -
"inside"
enforces always wrapping the function expression. -
"any"
enforces always wrapping, but allows either style.
Object option:
-
"functionPrototypeMethods": true
additionally enforces wrapping function expressions invoked using.call
and.apply
. The default isfalse
.
outside
Examples of incorrect code for the default "outside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "outside"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
Examples of correct code for the default "outside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "outside"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
inside
Examples of incorrect code for the "inside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "inside"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
Examples of correct code for the "inside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "inside"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
any
Examples of incorrect code for the "any"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "any"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
Examples of correct code for the "any"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "any"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
functionPrototypeMethods
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "inside", { "functionPrototypeMethods": true }
options:
/* eslint wrap-iife: [2, "inside", { functionPrototypeMethods: true }] */
var x = function(){ foo(); }()
var x = (function(){ foo(); }())
var x = function(){ foo(); }.call(bar)
var x = (function(){ foo(); }.call(bar))
Examples of correct code for this rule with the "inside", { "functionPrototypeMethods": true }
options:
/* eslint wrap-iife: [2, "inside", { functionPrototypeMethods: true }] */
var x = (function(){ foo(); })()
var x = (function(){ foo(); }).call(bar)
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Move the invocation into the parens that contain the function. Open
(function() {
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Require IIFEs to be Wrapped (wrap-iife)
You can immediately invoke function expressions, but not function declarations. A common technique to create an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE) is to wrap a function declaration in parentheses. The opening parentheses causes the contained function to be parsed as an expression, rather than a declaration.
// function expression could be unwrapped
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}();
// function declaration must be wrapped
function () { /* side effects */ }(); // SyntaxError
Rule Details
This rule requires all immediately-invoked function expressions to be wrapped in parentheses.
Options
This rule has two options, a string option and an object option.
String option:
-
"outside"
enforces always wrapping the call expression. The default is"outside"
. -
"inside"
enforces always wrapping the function expression. -
"any"
enforces always wrapping, but allows either style.
Object option:
-
"functionPrototypeMethods": true
additionally enforces wrapping function expressions invoked using.call
and.apply
. The default isfalse
.
outside
Examples of incorrect code for the default "outside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "outside"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
Examples of correct code for the default "outside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "outside"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
inside
Examples of incorrect code for the "inside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "inside"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
Examples of correct code for the "inside"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "inside"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
any
Examples of incorrect code for the "any"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "any"]*/
var x = function () { return { y: 1 };}(); // unwrapped
Examples of correct code for the "any"
option:
/*eslint wrap-iife: ["error", "any"]*/
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };}()); // wrapped call expression
var x = (function () { return { y: 1 };})(); // wrapped function expression
functionPrototypeMethods
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the "inside", { "functionPrototypeMethods": true }
options:
/* eslint wrap-iife: [2, "inside", { functionPrototypeMethods: true }] */
var x = function(){ foo(); }()
var x = (function(){ foo(); }())
var x = function(){ foo(); }.call(bar)
var x = (function(){ foo(); }.call(bar))
Examples of correct code for this rule with the "inside", { "functionPrototypeMethods": true }
options:
/* eslint wrap-iife: [2, "inside", { functionPrototypeMethods: true }] */
var x = (function(){ foo(); })()
var x = (function(){ foo(); }).call(bar)
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected '===' and instead saw '=='. Open
if (out.n.length == 0) {
- Read upRead up
- Create a ticketCreate a ticket
- Exclude checks
Require === and !== (eqeqeq)
It is considered good practice to use the type-safe equality operators ===
and !==
instead of their regular counterparts ==
and !=
.
The reason for this is that ==
and !=
do type coercion which follows the rather obscure Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm.
For instance, the following statements are all considered true
:
[] == false
[] == ![]
3 == "03"
If one of those occurs in an innocent-looking statement such as a == b
the actual problem is very difficult to spot.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating the type-unsafe equality operators.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint eqeqeq: "error"*/
if (x == 42) { }
if ("" == text) { }
if (obj.getStuff() != undefined) { }
The --fix
option on the command line automatically fixes some problems reported by this rule. A problem is only fixed if one of the operands is a typeof
expression, or if both operands are literals with the same type.
Options
always
The "always"
option (default) enforces the use of ===
and !==
in every situation (except when you opt-in to more specific handling of null
[see below]).
Examples of incorrect code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a == b
foo == true
bananas != 1
value == undefined
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
Examples of correct code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a === b
foo === true
bananas !== 1
value === undefined
typeof foo === 'undefined'
'hello' !== 'world'
0 === 0
true === true
foo === null
This rule optionally takes a second argument, which should be an object with the following supported properties:
-
"null"
: Customize how this rule treatsnull
literals. Possible values:-
always
(default) - Always use === or !==. -
never
- Never use === or !== withnull
. -
ignore
- Do not apply this rule tonull
.
-
smart
The "smart"
option enforces the use of ===
and !==
except for these cases:
- Comparing two literal values
- Evaluating the value of
typeof
- Comparing against
null
Examples of incorrect code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
// comparing two variables requires ===
a == b
// only one side is a literal
foo == true
bananas != 1
// comparing to undefined requires ===
value == undefined
Examples of correct code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
allow-null
Deprecated: Instead of using this option use "always" and pass a "null" option property with value "ignore". This will tell eslint to always enforce strict equality except when comparing with the null
literal.
["error", "always", {"null": "ignore"}]
When Not To Use It
If you don't want to enforce a style for using equality operators, then it's safe to disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected '===' and instead saw '=='. Open
if (out.n[i].text == null) {
- Read upRead up
- Create a ticketCreate a ticket
- Exclude checks
Require === and !== (eqeqeq)
It is considered good practice to use the type-safe equality operators ===
and !==
instead of their regular counterparts ==
and !=
.
The reason for this is that ==
and !=
do type coercion which follows the rather obscure Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm.
For instance, the following statements are all considered true
:
[] == false
[] == ![]
3 == "03"
If one of those occurs in an innocent-looking statement such as a == b
the actual problem is very difficult to spot.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating the type-unsafe equality operators.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint eqeqeq: "error"*/
if (x == 42) { }
if ("" == text) { }
if (obj.getStuff() != undefined) { }
The --fix
option on the command line automatically fixes some problems reported by this rule. A problem is only fixed if one of the operands is a typeof
expression, or if both operands are literals with the same type.
Options
always
The "always"
option (default) enforces the use of ===
and !==
in every situation (except when you opt-in to more specific handling of null
[see below]).
Examples of incorrect code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a == b
foo == true
bananas != 1
value == undefined
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
Examples of correct code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a === b
foo === true
bananas !== 1
value === undefined
typeof foo === 'undefined'
'hello' !== 'world'
0 === 0
true === true
foo === null
This rule optionally takes a second argument, which should be an object with the following supported properties:
-
"null"
: Customize how this rule treatsnull
literals. Possible values:-
always
(default) - Always use === or !==. -
never
- Never use === or !== withnull
. -
ignore
- Do not apply this rule tonull
.
-
smart
The "smart"
option enforces the use of ===
and !==
except for these cases:
- Comparing two literal values
- Evaluating the value of
typeof
- Comparing against
null
Examples of incorrect code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
// comparing two variables requires ===
a == b
// only one side is a literal
foo == true
bananas != 1
// comparing to undefined requires ===
value == undefined
Examples of correct code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
allow-null
Deprecated: Instead of using this option use "always" and pass a "null" option property with value "ignore". This will tell eslint to always enforce strict equality except when comparing with the null
literal.
["error", "always", {"null": "ignore"}]
When Not To Use It
If you don't want to enforce a style for using equality operators, then it's safe to disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Use ‘===’ to compare with ‘null’. Open
if (nSpace == null) {
- Read upRead up
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- Exclude checks
Disallow Null Comparisons (no-eq-null)
Comparing to null
without a type-checking operator (==
or !=
), can have unintended results as the comparison will evaluate to true when comparing to not just a null
, but also an undefined
value.
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
Rule Details
The no-eq-null
rule aims reduce potential bug and unwanted behavior by ensuring that comparisons to null
only match null
, and not also undefined
. As such it will flag comparisons to null when using ==
and !=
.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
while (qux != null) {
baz();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo === null) {
bar();
}
while (qux !== null) {
baz();
}
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
'i' is already defined. Open
for ( var i = 0; i < o.length; i++ ) {
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- Exclude checks
disallow variable redeclaration (no-redeclare)
In JavaScript, it's possible to redeclare the same variable name using var
. This can lead to confusion as to where the variable is actually declared and initialized.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating variables that have multiple declarations in the same scope.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-redeclare: "error"*/
var a = 3;
var a = 10;
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-redeclare: "error"*/
var a = 3;
// ...
a = 10;
Options
This rule takes one optional argument, an object with a boolean property "builtinGlobals"
. It defaults to false
.
If set to true
, this rule also checks redeclaration of built-in globals, such as Object
, Array
, Number
...
builtinGlobals
Examples of incorrect code for the { "builtinGlobals": true }
option:
/*eslint no-redeclare: ["error", { "builtinGlobals": true }]*/
var Object = 0;
Examples of incorrect code for the { "builtinGlobals": true }
option and the browser
environment:
/*eslint no-redeclare: ["error", { "builtinGlobals": true }]*/
/*eslint-env browser*/
var top = 0;
The browser
environment has many built-in global variables (for example, top
). Some of built-in global variables cannot be redeclared.
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Use ‘===’ to compare with ‘null’. Open
if ( n[i].text != null && n[i-1].text == null && n[i].row > 0 && o[ n[i].row - 1 ].text == null &&
- Read upRead up
- Create a ticketCreate a ticket
- Exclude checks
Disallow Null Comparisons (no-eq-null)
Comparing to null
without a type-checking operator (==
or !=
), can have unintended results as the comparison will evaluate to true when comparing to not just a null
, but also an undefined
value.
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
Rule Details
The no-eq-null
rule aims reduce potential bug and unwanted behavior by ensuring that comparisons to null
only match null
, and not also undefined
. As such it will flag comparisons to null when using ==
and !=
.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
while (qux != null) {
baz();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo === null) {
bar();
}
while (qux !== null) {
baz();
}
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Unnecessary semicolon. Open
};
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disallow unnecessary semicolons (no-extra-semi)
Typing mistakes and misunderstandings about where semicolons are required can lead to semicolons that are unnecessary. While not technically an error, extra semicolons can cause confusion when reading code.
Rule Details
This rule disallows unnecessary semicolons.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-semi: "error"*/
var x = 5;;
function foo() {
// code
};
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-semi: "error"*/
var x = 5;
var foo = function() {
// code
};
When Not To Use It
If you intentionally use extra semicolons then you can disable this rule.
Related Rules
- [semi](semi.md)
- [semi-spacing](semi-spacing.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Denial of Service Vulnerability in ActiveRecord’s PostgreSQL adapter Open
activerecord (5.2.8.1)
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Advisory: CVE-2022-44566
URL: https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.0.4.1
Solution: upgrade to >= 5.2.8.15, ~> 5.2.8, >= 6.1.7.1, ~> 6.1.7, >= 7.0.4.1
Unexpected alert. Open
alert("Drag to select the content you want to open source at PublicLab.org")
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Disallow Use of Alert (no-alert)
JavaScript's alert
, confirm
, and prompt
functions are widely considered to be obtrusive as UI elements and should be replaced by a more appropriate custom UI implementation. Furthermore, alert
is often used while debugging code, which should be removed before deployment to production.
alert("here!");
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at catching debugging code that should be removed and popup UI elements that should be replaced with less obtrusive, custom UIs. As such, it will warn when it encounters alert
, prompt
, and confirm
function calls which are not shadowed.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-alert: "error"*/
alert("here!");
confirm("Are you sure?");
prompt("What's your name?", "John Doe");
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-alert: "error"*/
customAlert("Something happened!");
customConfirm("Are you sure?");
customPrompt("Who are you?");
function foo() {
var alert = myCustomLib.customAlert;
alert();
}
Related Rules
- [no-console](no-console.md)
- [no-debugger](no-debugger.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected return with your callback function. Open
callback(mergedUsers);
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- Exclude checks
Enforce Return After Callback (callback-return)
The callback pattern is at the heart of most I/O and event-driven programming in JavaScript.
function doSomething(err, callback) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
callback();
}
To prevent calling the callback multiple times it is important to return
anytime the callback is triggered outside
of the main function body. Neglecting this technique often leads to issues where you do something more than once.
For example, in the case of an HTTP request, you may try to send HTTP headers more than once leading Node.js to throw
a Can't render headers after they are sent to the client.
error.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at ensuring that callbacks used outside of the main function block are always part-of or immediately
preceding a return
statement. This rule decides what is a callback based on the name of the function being called.
Options
The rule takes a single option - an array of possible callback names - which may include object methods. The default callback names are callback
, cb
, next
.
Default callback names
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default ["callback", "cb", "next"]
option:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
callback(err);
}
callback();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule with the default ["callback", "cb", "next"]
option:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
callback();
}
Supplied callback names
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the option ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]
:
/*eslint callback-return: ["error", ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]]*/
function foo(err, done) {
if (err) {
done(err);
}
done();
}
function bar(err, send) {
if (err) {
send.error(err);
}
send.success();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule with the option ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]
:
/*eslint callback-return: ["error", ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]]*/
function foo(err, done) {
if (err) {
return done(err);
}
done();
}
function bar(err, send) {
if (err) {
return send.error(err);
}
send.success();
}
Known Limitations
Because it is difficult to understand the meaning of a program through static analysis, this rule has limitations:
- false negatives when this rule reports correct code, but the program calls the callback more than one time (which is incorrect behavior)
- false positives when this rule reports incorrect code, but the program calls the callback only one time (which is correct behavior)
Passing the callback by reference
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback if it is an argument of a function (for example, setTimeout
).
Example of a false negative when this rule reports correct code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
setTimeout(callback, 0); // this is bad, but WILL NOT warn
}
callback();
}
Triggering the callback within a nested function
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback from within a nested function or an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE).
Example of a false negative when this rule reports correct code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
process.nextTick(function() {
return callback(); // this is bad, but WILL NOT warn
});
}
callback();
}
If/else statements
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback only one time in each branch of an if
statement.
Example of a false positive when this rule reports incorrect code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
callback(err); // this is fine, but WILL warn
} else {
callback(); // this is fine, but WILL warn
}
}
When Not To Use It
There are some cases where you might want to call a callback function more than once. In those cases this rule may lead to incorrect behavior. In those cases you may want to reserve a special name for those callbacks and not include that in the list of callbacks that trigger warnings.
Further Reading
Related Rules
- [handle-callback-err](handle-callback-err.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected an assignment or function call and instead saw an expression. Open
types[key] = localStorage.getItem('pl-dash-' + key) == "true",
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Disallow Unused Expressions (no-unused-expressions)
An unused expression which has no effect on the state of the program indicates a logic error.
For example, n + 1;
is not a syntax error, but it might be a typing mistake where a programmer meant an assignment statement n += 1;
instead.
Rule Details
This rule aims to eliminate unused expressions which have no effect on the state of the program.
This rule does not apply to function calls or constructor calls with the new
operator, because they could have side effects on the state of the program.
var i = 0;
function increment() { i += 1; }
increment(); // return value is unused, but i changed as a side effect
var nThings = 0;
function Thing() { nThings += 1; }
new Thing(); // constructed object is unused, but nThings changed as a side effect
This rule does not apply to directives (which are in the form of literal string expressions such as "use strict";
at the beginning of a script, module, or function).
Sequence expressions (those using a comma, such as a = 1, b = 2
) are always considered unused unless their return value is assigned or used in a condition evaluation, or a function call is made with the sequence expression value.
Options
This rule, in its default state, does not require any arguments. If you would like to enable one or more of the following you may pass an object with the options set as follows:
-
allowShortCircuit
set totrue
will allow you to use short circuit evaluations in your expressions (Default:false
). -
allowTernary
set totrue
will enable you to use ternary operators in your expressions similarly to short circuit evaluations (Default:false
). -
allowTaggedTemplates
set totrue
will enable you to use tagged template literals in your expressions (Default:false
).
These options allow unused expressions only if all of the code paths either directly change the state (for example, assignment statement) or could have side effects (for example, function call).
Examples of incorrect code for the default { "allowShortCircuit": false, "allowTernary": false }
options:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: "error"*/
0
if(0) 0
{0}
f(0), {}
a && b()
a, b()
c = a, b;
a() && function namedFunctionInExpressionContext () {f();}
(function anIncompleteIIFE () {});
injectGlobal`body{ color: red; }`
Note that one or more string expression statements (with or without semi-colons) will only be considered as unused if they are not in the beginning of a script, module, or function (alone and uninterrupted by other statements). Otherwise, they will be treated as part of a "directive prologue", a section potentially usable by JavaScript engines. This includes "strict mode" directives.
"use strict";
"use asm"
"use stricter";
"use babel"
"any other strings like this in the prologue";
Examples of correct code for the default { "allowShortCircuit": false, "allowTernary": false }
options:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: "error"*/
{} // In this context, this is a block statement, not an object literal
{myLabel: someVar} // In this context, this is a block statement with a label and expression, not an object literal
function namedFunctionDeclaration () {}
(function aGenuineIIFE () {}());
f()
a = 0
new C
delete a.b
void a
allowShortCircuit
Examples of incorrect code for the { "allowShortCircuit": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowShortCircuit": true }]*/
a || b
Examples of correct code for the { "allowShortCircuit": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowShortCircuit": true }]*/
a && b()
a() || (b = c)
allowTernary
Examples of incorrect code for the { "allowTernary": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowTernary": true }]*/
a ? b : 0
a ? b : c()
Examples of correct code for the { "allowTernary": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowTernary": true }]*/
a ? b() : c()
a ? (b = c) : d()
allowShortCircuit and allowTernary
Examples of correct code for the { "allowShortCircuit": true, "allowTernary": true }
options:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowShortCircuit": true, "allowTernary": true }]*/
a ? b() || (c = d) : e()
allowTaggedTemplates
Examples of incorrect code for the { "allowTaggedTemplates": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowTaggedTemplates": true }]*/
`some untagged template string`;
Examples of correct code for the { "allowTaggedTemplates": true }
option:
/*eslint no-unused-expressions: ["error", { "allowTaggedTemplates": true }]*/
tag`some tagged template string`;
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected '===' and instead saw '=='. Open
}else if((this.textAreaValue == this.templates['event']) || (this.textAreaValue == this.templates['default']) || (this.textAreaValue == this.templates['support'])){
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Require === and !== (eqeqeq)
It is considered good practice to use the type-safe equality operators ===
and !==
instead of their regular counterparts ==
and !=
.
The reason for this is that ==
and !=
do type coercion which follows the rather obscure Abstract Equality Comparison Algorithm.
For instance, the following statements are all considered true
:
[] == false
[] == ![]
3 == "03"
If one of those occurs in an innocent-looking statement such as a == b
the actual problem is very difficult to spot.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at eliminating the type-unsafe equality operators.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint eqeqeq: "error"*/
if (x == 42) { }
if ("" == text) { }
if (obj.getStuff() != undefined) { }
The --fix
option on the command line automatically fixes some problems reported by this rule. A problem is only fixed if one of the operands is a typeof
expression, or if both operands are literals with the same type.
Options
always
The "always"
option (default) enforces the use of ===
and !==
in every situation (except when you opt-in to more specific handling of null
[see below]).
Examples of incorrect code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a == b
foo == true
bananas != 1
value == undefined
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
Examples of correct code for the "always"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "always"]*/
a === b
foo === true
bananas !== 1
value === undefined
typeof foo === 'undefined'
'hello' !== 'world'
0 === 0
true === true
foo === null
This rule optionally takes a second argument, which should be an object with the following supported properties:
-
"null"
: Customize how this rule treatsnull
literals. Possible values:-
always
(default) - Always use === or !==. -
never
- Never use === or !== withnull
. -
ignore
- Do not apply this rule tonull
.
-
smart
The "smart"
option enforces the use of ===
and !==
except for these cases:
- Comparing two literal values
- Evaluating the value of
typeof
- Comparing against
null
Examples of incorrect code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
// comparing two variables requires ===
a == b
// only one side is a literal
foo == true
bananas != 1
// comparing to undefined requires ===
value == undefined
Examples of correct code for the "smart"
option:
/*eslint eqeqeq: ["error", "smart"]*/
typeof foo == 'undefined'
'hello' != 'world'
0 == 0
true == true
foo == null
allow-null
Deprecated: Instead of using this option use "always" and pass a "null" option property with value "ignore". This will tell eslint to always enforce strict equality except when comparing with the null
literal.
["error", "always", {"null": "ignore"}]
When Not To Use It
If you don't want to enforce a style for using equality operators, then it's safe to disable this rule. Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Use ‘===’ to compare with ‘null’. Open
if (nSpace == null) {
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Disallow Null Comparisons (no-eq-null)
Comparing to null
without a type-checking operator (==
or !=
), can have unintended results as the comparison will evaluate to true when comparing to not just a null
, but also an undefined
value.
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
Rule Details
The no-eq-null
rule aims reduce potential bug and unwanted behavior by ensuring that comparisons to null
only match null
, and not also undefined
. As such it will flag comparisons to null when using ==
and !=
.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo == null) {
bar();
}
while (qux != null) {
baz();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-eq-null: "error"*/
if (foo === null) {
bar();
}
while (qux !== null) {
baz();
}
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Redundant double negation. Open
if (!!data.items) {
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disallow unnecessary boolean casts (no-extra-boolean-cast)
In contexts such as an if
statement's test where the result of the expression will already be coerced to a Boolean, casting to a Boolean via double negation (!!
) or a Boolean
call is unnecessary. For example, these if
statements are equivalent:
if (!!foo) {
// ...
}
if (Boolean(foo)) {
// ...
}
if (foo) {
// ...
}
Rule Details
This rule disallows unnecessary boolean casts.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-boolean-cast: "error"*/
var foo = !!!bar;
var foo = !!bar ? baz : bat;
var foo = Boolean(!!bar);
var foo = new Boolean(!!bar);
if (!!foo) {
// ...
}
if (Boolean(foo)) {
// ...
}
while (!!foo) {
// ...
}
do {
// ...
} while (Boolean(foo));
for (; !!foo; ) {
// ...
}
Examples of correct code for this rule:
/*eslint no-extra-boolean-cast: "error"*/
var foo = !!bar;
var foo = Boolean(bar);
function foo() {
return !!bar;
}
var foo = bar ? !!baz : !!bat;
Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/
Expected return with your callback function. Open
if (callback) { callback(event); };
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Enforce Return After Callback (callback-return)
The callback pattern is at the heart of most I/O and event-driven programming in JavaScript.
function doSomething(err, callback) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
callback();
}
To prevent calling the callback multiple times it is important to return
anytime the callback is triggered outside
of the main function body. Neglecting this technique often leads to issues where you do something more than once.
For example, in the case of an HTTP request, you may try to send HTTP headers more than once leading Node.js to throw
a Can't render headers after they are sent to the client.
error.
Rule Details
This rule is aimed at ensuring that callbacks used outside of the main function block are always part-of or immediately
preceding a return
statement. This rule decides what is a callback based on the name of the function being called.
Options
The rule takes a single option - an array of possible callback names - which may include object methods. The default callback names are callback
, cb
, next
.
Default callback names
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the default ["callback", "cb", "next"]
option:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
callback(err);
}
callback();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule with the default ["callback", "cb", "next"]
option:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
return callback(err);
}
callback();
}
Supplied callback names
Examples of incorrect code for this rule with the option ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]
:
/*eslint callback-return: ["error", ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]]*/
function foo(err, done) {
if (err) {
done(err);
}
done();
}
function bar(err, send) {
if (err) {
send.error(err);
}
send.success();
}
Examples of correct code for this rule with the option ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]
:
/*eslint callback-return: ["error", ["done", "send.error", "send.success"]]*/
function foo(err, done) {
if (err) {
return done(err);
}
done();
}
function bar(err, send) {
if (err) {
return send.error(err);
}
send.success();
}
Known Limitations
Because it is difficult to understand the meaning of a program through static analysis, this rule has limitations:
- false negatives when this rule reports correct code, but the program calls the callback more than one time (which is incorrect behavior)
- false positives when this rule reports incorrect code, but the program calls the callback only one time (which is correct behavior)
Passing the callback by reference
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback if it is an argument of a function (for example, setTimeout
).
Example of a false negative when this rule reports correct code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
setTimeout(callback, 0); // this is bad, but WILL NOT warn
}
callback();
}
Triggering the callback within a nested function
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback from within a nested function or an immediately-invoked function expression (IIFE).
Example of a false negative when this rule reports correct code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
process.nextTick(function() {
return callback(); // this is bad, but WILL NOT warn
});
}
callback();
}
If/else statements
The static analysis of this rule does not detect that the program calls the callback only one time in each branch of an if
statement.
Example of a false positive when this rule reports incorrect code:
/*eslint callback-return: "error"*/
function foo(err, callback) {
if (err) {
callback(err); // this is fine, but WILL warn
} else {
callback(); // this is fine, but WILL warn
}
}
When Not To Use It
There are some cases where you might want to call a callback function more than once. In those cases this rule may lead to incorrect behavior. In those cases you may want to reserve a special name for those callbacks and not include that in the list of callbacks that trigger warnings.
Further Reading
Related Rules
- [handle-callback-err](handle-callback-err.md) Source: http://eslint.org/docs/rules/