wikimedia/mediawiki-core

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resources/src/startup/mediawiki.loader.js

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/*!
 * Defines mw.loader, the infrastructure for loading ResourceLoader
 * modules.
 *
 * This file is appended directly to the code in startup/mediawiki.js
 */
/* global $VARS, $CODE, mw */

( function () {
    'use strict';

    var store,
        hasOwn = Object.hasOwnProperty;

    /**
     * Client for ResourceLoader server end point.
     *
     * This client is in charge of maintaining the module registry and state
     * machine, initiating network (batch) requests for loading modules, as
     * well as dependency resolution and execution of source code.
     *
     * @see <https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/ResourceLoader/Features>
     * @namespace mw.loader
     * @memberof mw
     * @singleton
     * @hideconstructor
     * @static
     */

    /**
     * FNV132 hash function
     *
     * This function implements the 32-bit version of FNV-1.
     * It is equivalent to hash( 'fnv132', ... ) in PHP, except
     * its output is base 36 rather than hex.
     * See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fowler–Noll–Vo_hash_function>
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} str String to hash
     * @return {string} hash as a five-character base 36 string
     */
    function fnv132( str ) {
        var hash = 0x811C9DC5;

        /* eslint-disable no-bitwise */
        for ( var i = 0; i < str.length; i++ ) {
            hash += ( hash << 1 ) + ( hash << 4 ) + ( hash << 7 ) + ( hash << 8 ) + ( hash << 24 );
            hash ^= str.charCodeAt( i );
        }

        hash = ( hash >>> 0 ).toString( 36 ).slice( 0, 5 );
        /* eslint-enable no-bitwise */

        while ( hash.length < 5 ) {
            hash = '0' + hash;
        }
        return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Fired via mw.track on various resource loading errors.
     *
     * eslint-disable jsdoc/valid-types
     * @event ~'resourceloader.exception'
     * @ignore
     * @param {Error|Mixed} e The error that was thrown. Almost always an Error
     *   object, but in theory module code could manually throw something else, and that
     *   might also end up here.
     * @param {string} [module] Name of the module which caused the error. Omitted if the
     *   error is not module-related or the module cannot be easily identified due to
     *   batched handling.
     * @param {string} source Source of the error. Possible values:
     *
     *   - load-callback: exception thrown by user callback
     *   - module-execute: exception thrown by module code
     *   - resolve: failed to sort dependencies for a module in mw.loader.load
     *   - store-eval: could not evaluate module code cached in localStorage
     *   - store-localstorage-json: JSON conversion error in mw.loader.store
     *   - store-localstorage-update: localStorage conversion error in mw.loader.store.
     */

    /**
     * Mapping of registered modules.
     *
     * See #implement and #execute for exact details on support for script, style and messages.
     *
     * @example // Format:
     * {
     *     'moduleName': {
     *         // From mw.loader.register()
     *         'version': '#####' (five-character hash)
     *         'dependencies': ['required.foo', 'bar.also', ...]
     *         'group': string, integer, (or) null
     *         'source': 'local', (or) 'anotherwiki'
     *         'skip': 'return !!window.Example;', (or) null, (or) boolean result of skip
     *         'module': export Object
     *
     *         // Set by execute() or mw.loader.state()
     *         // See mw.loader.getState() for documentation of the state machine
     *         'state': 'registered', 'loading', 'loaded', 'executing', 'ready', 'error', or 'missing'
     *
     *         // Optionally added at run-time by mw.loader.impl()
     *         'script': closure, array of urls, or string
     *         'style': { ... } (see #execute)
     *         'messages': { 'key': 'value', ... }
     *     }
     * }
     *
     * @property {Object}
     * @private
     */
    var registry = Object.create( null ),
        // Mapping of sources, keyed by source-id, values are strings.
        //
        // Format:
        //
        //     {
        //         'sourceId': 'http://example.org/w/load.php'
        //     }
        //
        sources = Object.create( null ),

        // For queueModuleScript()
        handlingPendingRequests = false,
        pendingRequests = [],

        // List of modules to be loaded
        queue = [],

        /**
         * List of callback jobs waiting for modules to be ready.
         *
         * Jobs are created by #enqueue() and run by #doPropagation().
         * Typically when a job is created for a module, the job's dependencies contain
         * both the required module and all its recursive dependencies.
         *
         * @example // Format:
         * {
         *     'dependencies': [ module names ],
         *     'ready': Function callback
         *     'error': Function callback
         * }
         *
         * @property {Object[]} jobs
         * @private
         */
        jobs = [],

        // For #setAndPropagate() and #doPropagation()
        willPropagate = false,
        errorModules = [],

        /**
         * @private
         * @property {Array} baseModules
         */
        baseModules = $VARS.baseModules,

        /**
         * For #addEmbeddedCSS() and #addLink()
         *
         * @private
         * @property {HTMLElement|null} marker
         */
        marker = document.querySelector( 'meta[name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles"]' ),

        // For #addEmbeddedCSS()
        lastCssBuffer;

    /**
     * Append an HTML element to `document.head` or before a specified node.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {HTMLElement} el
     * @param {Node|null} [nextNode]
     */
    function addToHead( el, nextNode ) {
        if ( nextNode && nextNode.parentNode ) {
            nextNode.parentNode.insertBefore( el, nextNode );
        } else {
            document.head.appendChild( el );
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a new style element and add it to the DOM.
     * Stable for use in gadgets.
     *
     * @method mw.loader.addStyleTag
     * @param {string} text CSS text
     * @param {Node|null} [nextNode] The element where the style tag
     *  should be inserted before
     * @return {HTMLStyleElement} Reference to the created style element
     */
    function newStyleTag( text, nextNode ) {
        var el = document.createElement( 'style' );
        el.appendChild( document.createTextNode( text ) );
        addToHead( el, nextNode );
        return el;
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * @param {Object} cssBuffer
     */
    function flushCssBuffer( cssBuffer ) {
        // Make sure the next call to addEmbeddedCSS() starts a new buffer.
        // This must be done before we run the callbacks, as those may end up
        // queueing new chunks which would be lost otherwise (T105973).
        //
        // There can be more than one buffer in-flight (given "@import", and
        // generally due to race conditions). Only tell addEmbeddedCSS() to
        // start a new buffer if we're currently flushing the last one that it
        // started. If we're flushing an older buffer, keep the last one open.
        if ( cssBuffer === lastCssBuffer ) {
            lastCssBuffer = null;
        }
        newStyleTag( cssBuffer.cssText, marker );
        for ( var i = 0; i < cssBuffer.callbacks.length; i++ ) {
            cssBuffer.callbacks[ i ]();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Add a bit of CSS text to the current browser page.
     *
     * The creation and insertion of the `<style>` element is debounced for two reasons:
     *
     * - Performing the insertion before the next paint round via requestAnimationFrame
     *   avoids forced or wasted style recomputations, which are expensive in browsers.
     * - Reduce how often new stylesheets are inserted by letting additional calls to this
     *   function accumulate into a buffer for at least one JavaScript tick. Modules are
     *   received from the server in batches, which means there is likely going to be many
     *   calls to this function in a row within the same tick / the same call stack.
     *   See also T47810.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} cssText CSS text to be added in a `<style>` tag.
     * @param {Function} callback Called after the insertion has occurred.
     */
    function addEmbeddedCSS( cssText, callback ) {
        // Start a new buffer if one of the following is true:
        // - We've never started a buffer before, this will be our first.
        // - The last buffer we created was flushed meanwhile, so start a new one.
        // - The next CSS chunk syntactically needs to be at the start of a stylesheet (T37562).
        if ( !lastCssBuffer || cssText.startsWith( '@import' ) ) {
            lastCssBuffer = {
                cssText: '',
                callbacks: []
            };
            requestAnimationFrame( flushCssBuffer.bind( null, lastCssBuffer ) );
        }

        // Linebreak for somewhat distinguishable sections
        lastCssBuffer.cssText += '\n' + cssText;
        lastCssBuffer.callbacks.push( callback );
    }

    /**
     * See also `ResourceLoader.php#makeVersionQuery` on the server.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} modules List of module names
     * @return {string} Hash of concatenated version hashes.
     */
    function getCombinedVersion( modules ) {
        var hashes = modules.reduce( function ( result, module ) {
            return result + registry[ module ].version;
        }, '' );
        return fnv132( hashes );
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether all dependencies are in state 'ready', which means we may
     * execute the module or job now.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} modules Names of modules to be checked
     * @return {boolean} True if all modules are in state 'ready', false otherwise
     */
    function allReady( modules ) {
        for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
            if ( mw.loader.getState( modules[ i ] ) !== 'ready' ) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether all direct and base dependencies are in state 'ready'
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} module Name of the module to be checked
     * @return {boolean} True if all direct/base dependencies are in state 'ready'; false otherwise
     */
    function allWithImplicitReady( module ) {
        return allReady( registry[ module ].dependencies ) &&
            ( baseModules.indexOf( module ) !== -1 || allReady( baseModules ) );
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether all dependencies are in state 'ready', which means we may
     * execute the module or job now.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} modules Names of modules to be checked
     * @return {boolean|string} False if no modules are in state 'error' or 'missing';
     *  failed module otherwise
     */
    function anyFailed( modules ) {
        for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
            var state = mw.loader.getState( modules[ i ] );
            if ( state === 'error' || state === 'missing' ) {
                return modules[ i ];
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Handle propagation of module state changes and reactions to them.
     *
     * - When a module reaches a failure state, this should be propagated to
     *   modules that depend on the failed module.
     * - When a module reaches a final state, pending job callbacks for the
     *   module from mw.loader.using() should be called.
     * - When a module reaches the 'ready' state from #execute(), consider
     *   executing dependent modules now having their dependencies satisfied.
     * - When a module reaches the 'loaded' state from mw.loader.impl,
     *   consider executing it, if it has no unsatisfied dependencies.
     *
     * @private
     */
    function doPropagation() {
        var didPropagate = true;
        var module;

        // Keep going until the last iteration performed no actions.
        while ( didPropagate ) {
            didPropagate = false;

            // Stage 1: Propagate failures
            while ( errorModules.length ) {
                var errorModule = errorModules.shift(),
                    baseModuleError = baseModules.indexOf( errorModule ) !== -1;
                for ( module in registry ) {
                    if ( registry[ module ].state !== 'error' && registry[ module ].state !== 'missing' ) {
                        if ( baseModuleError && baseModules.indexOf( module ) === -1 ) {
                            // Propate error from base module to all regular (non-base) modules
                            registry[ module ].state = 'error';
                            didPropagate = true;
                        } else if ( registry[ module ].dependencies.indexOf( errorModule ) !== -1 ) {
                            // Propagate error from dependency to depending module
                            registry[ module ].state = 'error';
                            // .. and propagate it further
                            errorModules.push( module );
                            didPropagate = true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Stage 2: Execute 'loaded' modules with no unsatisfied dependencies
            for ( module in registry ) {
                if ( registry[ module ].state === 'loaded' && allWithImplicitReady( module ) ) {
                    // Recursively execute all dependent modules that were already loaded
                    // (waiting for execution) and no longer have unsatisfied dependencies.
                    // Base modules may have dependencies amongst eachother to ensure correct
                    // execution order. Regular modules wait for all base modules.
                    execute( module );
                    didPropagate = true;
                }
            }

            // Stage 3: Invoke job callbacks that are no longer blocked
            for ( var i = 0; i < jobs.length; i++ ) {
                var job = jobs[ i ];
                var failed = anyFailed( job.dependencies );
                if ( failed !== false || allReady( job.dependencies ) ) {
                    jobs.splice( i, 1 );
                    i -= 1;
                    try {
                        if ( failed !== false && job.error ) {
                            job.error( new Error( 'Failed dependency: ' + failed ), job.dependencies );
                        } else if ( failed === false && job.ready ) {
                            job.ready();
                        }
                    } catch ( e ) {
                        // A user-defined callback raised an exception.
                        // Swallow it to protect our state machine!
                        mw.trackError( {
                            exception: e,
                            source: 'load-callback'
                        } );
                    }
                    didPropagate = true;
                }
            }
        }

        willPropagate = false;
    }

    /**
     * Update a module's state in the registry and make sure any necessary
     * propagation will occur, by adding a (debounced) call to doPropagation().
     * See #doPropagation for more about propagation.
     * See #registry for more about how states are used.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} module
     * @param {string} state
     */
    function setAndPropagate( module, state ) {
        registry[ module ].state = state;
        if ( state === 'ready' ) {
            // Queue to later be synced to the local module store.
            store.add( module );
        } else if ( state === 'error' || state === 'missing' ) {
            errorModules.push( module );
        } else if ( state !== 'loaded' ) {
            // We only have something to do in doPropagation for the
            // 'loaded', 'ready', 'error', and 'missing' states.
            // Avoid scheduling and propagation cost for frequent and short-lived
            // transition states, such as 'loading' and 'executing'.
            return;
        }
        if ( willPropagate ) {
            // Already scheduled, or, we're already in a doPropagation stack.
            return;
        }
        willPropagate = true;
        // Yield for two reasons:
        // * Allow successive calls to mw.loader.impl() from the same
        //   load.php response, or from the same asyncEval() to be in the
        //   propagation batch.
        // * Allow the browser to breathe between the reception of
        //   module source code and the execution of it.
        //
        // Use a high priority because the user may be waiting for interactions
        // to start being possible. But, first provide a moment (up to 'timeout')
        // for native input event handling (e.g. scrolling/typing/clicking).
        mw.requestIdleCallback( doPropagation, { timeout: 1 } );
    }

    /**
     * Resolve dependencies and detect circular references.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} module Name of the top-level module whose dependencies shall be
     *  resolved and sorted.
     * @param {Array} resolved Returns a topological sort of the given module and its
     *  dependencies, such that later modules depend on earlier modules. The array
     *  contains the module names. If the array contains already some module names,
     *  this function appends its result to the pre-existing array.
     * @param {Set} [unresolved] Used to detect loops in the dependency graph.
     * @throws {Error} If an unknown module or a circular dependency is encountered
     */
    function sortDependencies( module, resolved, unresolved ) {
        if ( !( module in registry ) ) {
            throw new Error( 'Unknown module: ' + module );
        }

        if ( typeof registry[ module ].skip === 'string' ) {
            // eslint-disable-next-line no-new-func
            var skip = ( new Function( registry[ module ].skip )() );
            registry[ module ].skip = !!skip;
            if ( skip ) {
                registry[ module ].dependencies = [];
                setAndPropagate( module, 'ready' );
                return;
            }
        }

        // Create unresolved if not passed in
        if ( !unresolved ) {
            unresolved = new Set();
        }

        // Track down dependencies
        var deps = registry[ module ].dependencies;
        unresolved.add( module );
        for ( var i = 0; i < deps.length; i++ ) {
            if ( resolved.indexOf( deps[ i ] ) === -1 ) {
                if ( unresolved.has( deps[ i ] ) ) {
                    throw new Error(
                        'Circular reference detected: ' + module + ' -> ' + deps[ i ]
                    );
                }

                sortDependencies( deps[ i ], resolved, unresolved );
            }
        }

        resolved.push( module );
    }

    /**
     * Get names of module that a module depends on, in their proper dependency order.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} modules Array of string module names
     * @return {Array} List of dependencies, including 'module'.
     * @throws {Error} If an unregistered module or a dependency loop is encountered
     */
    function resolve( modules ) {
        // Always load base modules
        var resolved = baseModules.slice();
        for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
            sortDependencies( modules[ i ], resolved );
        }
        return resolved;
    }

    /**
     * Like #resolve(), except it will silently ignore modules that
     * are missing or have missing dependencies.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} modules Array of string module names
     * @return {Array} List of dependencies.
     */
    function resolveStubbornly( modules ) {
        // Always load base modules
        var resolved = baseModules.slice();
        for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
            var saved = resolved.slice();
            try {
                sortDependencies( modules[ i ], resolved );
            } catch ( err ) {
                resolved = saved;
                // This module is not currently known, or has invalid dependencies.
                //
                // Most likely due to a cached reference after the module was
                // removed, otherwise made redundant, or omitted from the registry
                // by the ResourceLoader "target" system.
                //
                // These errors can be common, e.g. queuing an unavailable module
                // unconditionally from the server-side is OK and should fail gracefully.
                mw.log.warn( 'Skipped unavailable module ' + modules[ i ] );

                // Do not track this error as an exception when the module:
                // - Is valid, but gracefully filtered out by target system.
                // - Was recently valid, but is still referenced in stale cache.
                //
                // Basically the only reason to track this as exception is when the error
                // was circular or invalid dependencies. What the above scenarios have in
                // common is that they don't register the module client-side.
                if ( modules[ i ] in registry ) {
                    mw.trackError( {
                        exception: err,
                        source: 'resolve'
                    } );
                }
            }
        }
        return resolved;
    }

    /**
     * Resolve a relative file path.
     *
     * For example, resolveRelativePath( '../foo.js', 'resources/src/bar/bar.js' )
     * returns 'resources/src/foo.js'.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} relativePath Relative file path, starting with ./ or ../
     * @param {string} basePath Path of the file (not directory) relativePath is relative to
     * @return {string|null} Resolved path, or null if relativePath does not start with ./ or ../
     */
    function resolveRelativePath( relativePath, basePath ) {
        // eslint-disable-next-line security/detect-unsafe-regex
        var relParts = relativePath.match( /^((?:\.\.?\/)+)(.*)$/ );
        if ( !relParts ) {
            return null;
        }

        var baseDirParts = basePath.split( '/' );
        // basePath looks like 'foo/bar/baz.js', so baseDirParts looks like [ 'foo', 'bar, 'baz.js' ]
        // Remove the file component at the end, so that we are left with only the directory path
        baseDirParts.pop();

        var prefixes = relParts[ 1 ].split( '/' );
        // relParts[ 1 ] looks like '../../', so prefixes looks like [ '..', '..', '' ]
        // Remove the empty element at the end
        prefixes.pop();

        // For every ../ in the path prefix, remove one directory level from baseDirParts
        var prefix;
        while ( ( prefix = prefixes.pop() ) !== undefined ) {
            if ( prefix === '..' ) {
                baseDirParts.pop();
            }
        }

        // If there's anything left of the base path, prepend it to the file path
        return ( baseDirParts.length ? baseDirParts.join( '/' ) + '/' : '' ) + relParts[ 2 ];
    }

    /**
     * Make a require() function scoped to a package file
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Object} moduleObj Module object from the registry
     * @param {string} basePath Path of the file this is scoped to. Used for relative paths.
     * @return {Function}
     */
    function makeRequireFunction( moduleObj, basePath ) {
        return function require( moduleName ) {
            var fileName = resolveRelativePath( moduleName, basePath );
            if ( fileName === null ) {
                // Not a relative path, so it's either a module name or,
                // (if in test mode) a private file imported from another module.
                return mw.loader.require( moduleName );
            }

            if ( hasOwn.call( moduleObj.packageExports, fileName ) ) {
                // File has already been executed, return the cached result
                return moduleObj.packageExports[ fileName ];
            }

            var scriptFiles = moduleObj.script.files;
            if ( !hasOwn.call( scriptFiles, fileName ) ) {
                throw new Error( 'Cannot require undefined file ' + fileName );
            }

            var result,
                fileContent = scriptFiles[ fileName ];
            if ( typeof fileContent === 'function' ) {
                var moduleParam = { exports: {} };
                fileContent( makeRequireFunction( moduleObj, fileName ), moduleParam, moduleParam.exports );
                result = moduleParam.exports;
            } else {
                // fileContent is raw data (such as a JSON object), just pass it through
                result = fileContent;
            }
            moduleObj.packageExports[ fileName ] = result;
            return result;
        };
    }

    /**
     * Load and execute a script.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} src URL to script, will be used as the src attribute in the script tag
     * @param {Function} [callback] Callback to run after request resolution
     * @param {string[]} [modules] List of modules being requested, for state to be marked as error
     * in case the script fails to load
     * @return {HTMLElement}
     */
    function addScript( src, callback, modules ) {
        // Use a <script> element rather than XHR. Using XHR changes the request
        // headers (potentially missing a cache hit), and reduces caching in general
        // since browsers cache XHR much less (if at all). And XHR means we retrieve
        // text, so we'd need to eval, which then messes up line numbers.
        // The drawback is that <script> does not offer progress events, feedback is
        // only given after downloading, parsing, and execution have completed.
        var script = document.createElement( 'script' );
        script.src = src;
        function onComplete() {
            if ( script.parentNode ) {
                script.parentNode.removeChild( script );
            }
            if ( callback ) {
                callback();
                callback = null;
            }
        }
        script.onload = onComplete;
        script.onerror = function () {
            onComplete();
            if ( modules ) {
                for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
                    setAndPropagate( modules[ i ], 'error' );
                }
            }
        };
        document.head.appendChild( script );
        return script;
    }

    /**
     * Queue the loading and execution of a script for a particular module.
     *
     * This does for legacy debug mode what runScript() does for production.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} src URL of the script
     * @param {string} moduleName Name of currently executing module
     * @param {Function} callback Callback to run after addScript() resolution
     */
    function queueModuleScript( src, moduleName, callback ) {
        pendingRequests.push( function () {
            // Keep in sync with execute()/runScript().
            if ( moduleName !== 'jquery' ) {
                window.require = mw.loader.require;
                window.module = registry[ moduleName ].module;
            }
            addScript( src, function () {
                // 'module.exports' should not persist after the file is executed to
                // avoid leakage to unrelated code. 'require' should be kept, however,
                // as asynchronous access to 'require' is allowed and expected. (T144879)
                delete window.module;
                callback();
                // Start the next one (if any)
                if ( pendingRequests[ 0 ] ) {
                    pendingRequests.shift()();
                } else {
                    handlingPendingRequests = false;
                }
            } );
        } );
        if ( !handlingPendingRequests && pendingRequests[ 0 ] ) {
            handlingPendingRequests = true;
            pendingRequests.shift()();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Utility function for execute()
     *
     * @ignore
     * @param {string} url URL
     * @param {string} [media] Media attribute
     * @param {Node|null} [nextNode]
     * @return {HTMLElement}
     */
    function addLink( url, media, nextNode ) {
        var el = document.createElement( 'link' );

        el.rel = 'stylesheet';
        if ( media ) {
            el.media = media;
        }
        // If you end up here from an IE exception "SCRIPT: Invalid property value.",
        // see #addEmbeddedCSS, T33676, T43331, and T49277 for details.
        el.href = url;

        addToHead( el, nextNode );
        return el;
    }

    /**
     * Evaluate in the global scope.
     *
     * This is used by MediaWiki user scripts, where it is (for example)
     * important that `var` makes a global variable.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} code JavaScript code
     */
    function globalEval( code ) {
        var script = document.createElement( 'script' );
        script.text = code;
        document.head.appendChild( script );
        script.parentNode.removeChild( script );
    }

    /**
     * Evaluate JS code using indirect eval().
     *
     * This is used by mw.loader.store. It is important that we protect the
     * integrity of mw.loader's private variables (from accidental clashes
     * or re-assignment), which means we can't use regular `eval()`.
     *
     * Optimization: This exists separately from globalEval(), because that
     * involves slow DOM overhead.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} code JavaScript code
     */
    function indirectEval( code ) {
        // See http://perfectionkills.com/global-eval-what-are-the-options/
        // for an explanation of this syntax.
        // eslint-disable-next-line no-eval
        ( 1, eval )( code );
    }

    /**
     * Add one or more modules to the module load queue.
     *
     * See also #work().
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} dependencies Array of module names in the registry
     * @param {Function} [ready] Callback to execute when all dependencies are ready
     * @param {Function} [error] Callback to execute when any dependency fails
     */
    function enqueue( dependencies, ready, error ) {
        if ( allReady( dependencies ) ) {
            // Run ready immediately
            if ( ready ) {
                ready();
            }
            return;
        }

        var failed = anyFailed( dependencies );
        if ( failed !== false ) {
            if ( error ) {
                // Execute error immediately if any dependencies have errors
                error(
                    new Error( 'Dependency ' + failed + ' failed to load' ),
                    dependencies
                );
            }
            return;
        }

        // Not all dependencies are ready, add to the load queue...

        // Add ready and error callbacks if they were given
        if ( ready || error ) {
            jobs.push( {
                // Narrow down the list to modules that are worth waiting for
                dependencies: dependencies.filter( function ( module ) {
                    var state = registry[ module ].state;
                    return state === 'registered' || state === 'loaded' || state === 'loading' || state === 'executing';
                } ),
                ready: ready,
                error: error
            } );
        }

        dependencies.forEach( function ( module ) {
            // Only queue modules that are still in the initial 'registered' state
            // (e.g. not ones already loading or loaded etc.).
            if ( registry[ module ].state === 'registered' && queue.indexOf( module ) === -1 ) {
                queue.push( module );
            }
        } );

        mw.loader.work();
    }

    /**
     * Executes a loaded module, making it ready to use
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} module Module name to execute
     */
    function execute( module ) {
        if ( registry[ module ].state !== 'loaded' ) {
            throw new Error( 'Module in state "' + registry[ module ].state + '" may not execute: ' + module );
        }

        registry[ module ].state = 'executing';
        $CODE.profileExecuteStart();

        var runScript = function () {
            $CODE.profileScriptStart();
            var script = registry[ module ].script;
            var markModuleReady = function () {
                $CODE.profileScriptEnd();
                setAndPropagate( module, 'ready' );
            };
            var nestedAddScript = function ( arr, offset ) {
                // Recursively call queueModuleScript() in its own callback
                // for each element of arr.
                if ( offset >= arr.length ) {
                    // We're at the end of the array
                    markModuleReady();
                    return;
                }

                queueModuleScript( arr[ offset ], module, function () {
                    nestedAddScript( arr, offset + 1 );
                } );
            };

            try {
                if ( Array.isArray( script ) ) {
                    nestedAddScript( script, 0 );
                } else if ( typeof script === 'function' ) {
                    // Keep in sync with queueModuleScript() for debug mode
                    if ( module === 'jquery' ) {
                        // This is a special case for when 'jquery' itself is being loaded.
                        // - The standard jquery.js distribution does not set `window.jQuery`
                        //   in CommonJS-compatible environments (Node.js, AMD, RequireJS, etc.).
                        // - MediaWiki's 'jquery' module also bundles jquery.migrate.js, which
                        //   in a CommonJS-compatible environment, will use require('jquery'),
                        //   but that can't work when we're still inside that module.
                        script();
                    } else {
                        // Pass jQuery twice so that the signature of the closure which wraps
                        // the script can bind both '$' and 'jQuery'.
                        script( window.$, window.$, mw.loader.require, registry[ module ].module );
                    }
                    markModuleReady();
                } else if ( typeof script === 'object' && script !== null ) {
                    var mainScript = script.files[ script.main ];
                    if ( typeof mainScript !== 'function' ) {
                        throw new Error( 'Main file in module ' + module + ' must be a function' );
                    }
                    // jQuery parameters are not passed for multi-file modules
                    mainScript(
                        makeRequireFunction( registry[ module ], script.main ),
                        registry[ module ].module,
                        registry[ module ].module.exports
                    );
                    markModuleReady();
                } else if ( typeof script === 'string' ) {
                    // Site and user modules are legacy scripts that run in the global scope.
                    // This is transported as a string instead of a function to avoid needing
                    // to use string manipulation to undo the function wrapper.
                    globalEval( script );
                    markModuleReady();

                } else {
                    // Module without script
                    markModuleReady();
                }
            } catch ( e ) {
                // Use mw.trackError instead of mw.log because these errors are common in production mode
                // (e.g. undefined variable), and mw.log is only enabled in debug mode.
                setAndPropagate( module, 'error' );
                $CODE.profileScriptEnd();
                mw.trackError( {
                    exception: e,
                    module: module,
                    source: 'module-execute'
                } );
            }
        };

        // Emit deprecation warnings
        if ( registry[ module ].deprecationWarning ) {
            mw.log.warn( registry[ module ].deprecationWarning );
        }

        // Add localizations to message system
        if ( registry[ module ].messages ) {
            mw.messages.set( registry[ module ].messages );
        }

        // Initialise templates
        if ( registry[ module ].templates ) {
            mw.templates.set( module, registry[ module ].templates );
        }

        // Adding of stylesheets is asynchronous via addEmbeddedCSS().
        // The below function uses a counting semaphore to make sure we don't call
        // runScript() until after this module's stylesheets have been inserted
        // into the DOM.
        var cssPending = 0;
        var cssHandle = function () {
            // Increase semaphore, when creating a callback for addEmbeddedCSS.
            cssPending++;
            return function () {
                // Decrease semaphore, when said callback is invoked.
                cssPending--;
                if ( cssPending === 0 ) {
                    // Paranoia:
                    // This callback is exposed to addEmbeddedCSS, which is outside the execute()
                    // function and is not concerned with state-machine integrity. In turn,
                    // addEmbeddedCSS() actually exposes stuff further via requestAnimationFrame.
                    // If increment and decrement callbacks happen in the wrong order, or start
                    // again afterwards, then this branch could be reached multiple times.
                    // To protect the integrity of the state-machine, prevent that from happening
                    // by making runScript() cannot be called more than once.  We store a private
                    // reference when we first reach this branch, then deference the original, and
                    // call our reference to it.
                    var runScriptCopy = runScript;
                    runScript = undefined;
                    runScriptCopy();
                }
            };
        };

        // Process styles (see also mw.loader.impl)
        // * { "css": [css, ..] }
        // * { "url": { <media>: [url, ..] } }
        var style = registry[ module ].style;
        if ( style ) {
            // Array of CSS strings under key 'css'
            // { "css": [css, ..] }
            if ( 'css' in style ) {
                for ( var i = 0; i < style.css.length; i++ ) {
                    addEmbeddedCSS( style.css[ i ], cssHandle() );
                }
            }

            // Plain object with array of urls under a media-type key
            // { "url": { <media>: [url, ..] } }
            if ( 'url' in style ) {
                for ( var media in style.url ) {
                    var urls = style.url[ media ];
                    for ( var j = 0; j < urls.length; j++ ) {
                        addLink( urls[ j ], media, marker );
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // End profiling of execute()-self before we call runScript(),
        // which we want to measure separately without overlap.
        $CODE.profileExecuteEnd();

        if ( module === 'user' ) {
            // Implicit dependency on the site module. Not a real dependency because it should
            // run after 'site' regardless of whether it succeeds or fails.
            // Note: This is a simplified version of mw.loader.using(), inlined here because
            // mw.loader.using() is part of mediawiki.base (depends on jQuery; T192623).
            var siteDeps;
            var siteDepErr;
            try {
                siteDeps = resolve( [ 'site' ] );
            } catch ( e ) {
                siteDepErr = e;
                runScript();
            }
            if ( !siteDepErr ) {
                enqueue( siteDeps, runScript, runScript );
            }
        } else if ( cssPending === 0 ) {
            // Regular module without styles
            runScript();
        }
        // else: runScript will get called via cssHandle()
    }

    function sortQuery( o ) {
        var sorted = {};
        var list = [];

        for ( var key in o ) {
            list.push( key );
        }
        list.sort();
        for ( var i = 0; i < list.length; i++ ) {
            sorted[ list[ i ] ] = o[ list[ i ] ];
        }
        return sorted;
    }

    /**
     * Converts a module map of the form `{ foo: [ 'bar', 'baz' ], bar: [ 'baz, 'quux' ] }`
     * to a query string of the form `foo.bar,baz|bar.baz,quux`.
     *
     * See `ResourceLoader::makePackedModulesString()` in PHP, of which this is a port.
     * On the server, unpacking is done by `ResourceLoader::expandModuleNames()`.
     *
     * Note: This is only half of the logic, the other half has to be in #batchRequest(),
     * because its implementation needs to keep track of potential string size in order
     * to decide when to split the requests due to url size.
     *
     * @typedef {Object} ModuleString
     * @property {string} str Module query string
     * @property {Array} list List of module names in matching order
     *
     * @private
     * @param {Object} moduleMap Module map
     * @return {ModuleString}
     */
    function buildModulesString( moduleMap ) {
        var str = [];
        var list = [];
        var p;

        function restore( suffix ) {
            return p + suffix;
        }

        for ( var prefix in moduleMap ) {
            p = prefix === '' ? '' : prefix + '.';
            str.push( p + moduleMap[ prefix ].join( ',' ) );
            list.push.apply( list, moduleMap[ prefix ].map( restore ) );
        }
        return {
            str: str.join( '|' ),
            list: list
        };
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * @param {Object} params Map of parameter names to values
     * @return {string}
     */
    function makeQueryString( params ) {
        // Optimisation: This is a fairly hot code path with batchRequest() loops.
        // Avoid overhead from Object.keys and Array.forEach.
        // String concatenation is faster than array pushing and joining, see
        // https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/P19931
        var str = '';
        for ( var key in params ) {
            // Parameters are separated by &, added before all parameters other than
            // the first
            str += ( str ? '&' : '' ) + encodeURIComponent( key ) + '=' +
                encodeURIComponent( params[ key ] );
        }
        return str;
    }

    /**
     * Create network requests for a batch of modules.
     *
     * This is an internal method for #work(). This must not be called directly
     * unless the modules are already registered, and no request is in progress,
     * and the module state has already been set to `loading`.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} batch
     */
    function batchRequest( batch ) {
        if ( !batch.length ) {
            return;
        }

        var sourceLoadScript, currReqBase, moduleMap;

        /**
         * Start the currently drafted request to the server.
         *
         * @ignore
         */
        function doRequest() {
            // Optimisation: Inherit (Object.create), not copy ($.extend)
            var query = Object.create( currReqBase ),
                packed = buildModulesString( moduleMap );
            query.modules = packed.str;
            // The packing logic can change the effective order, even if the input was
            // sorted. As such, the call to getCombinedVersion() must use this
            // effective order to ensure that the combined version will match the hash
            // expected by the server based on combining versions from the module
            // query string in-order. (T188076)
            query.version = getCombinedVersion( packed.list );
            query = sortQuery( query );
            addScript( sourceLoadScript + '?' + makeQueryString( query ), null, packed.list );
        }

        // Always order modules alphabetically to help reduce cache
        // misses for otherwise identical content.
        batch.sort();

        // Query parameters common to all requests
        var reqBase = $VARS.reqBase;

        // Split module list by source and by group.
        var splits = Object.create( null );
        for ( var b = 0; b < batch.length; b++ ) {
            var bSource = registry[ batch[ b ] ].source;
            var bGroup = registry[ batch[ b ] ].group;
            if ( !splits[ bSource ] ) {
                splits[ bSource ] = Object.create( null );
            }
            if ( !splits[ bSource ][ bGroup ] ) {
                splits[ bSource ][ bGroup ] = [];
            }
            splits[ bSource ][ bGroup ].push( batch[ b ] );
        }

        for ( var source in splits ) {
            sourceLoadScript = sources[ source ];

            for ( var group in splits[ source ] ) {

                // Cache access to currently selected list of
                // modules for this group from this source.
                var modules = splits[ source ][ group ];

                // Query parameters common to requests for this module group
                // Optimisation: Inherit (Object.create), not copy ($.extend)
                currReqBase = Object.create( reqBase );
                // User modules require a user name in the query string.
                if ( group === $VARS.groupUser && mw.config.get( 'wgUserName' ) !== null ) {
                    currReqBase.user = mw.config.get( 'wgUserName' );
                }

                // In addition to currReqBase, doRequest() will also add 'modules' and 'version'.
                // > '&modules='.length === 9
                // > '&version=12345'.length === 14
                // > 9 + 14 = 23
                var currReqBaseLength = makeQueryString( currReqBase ).length + 23;

                // We may need to split up the request to honor the query string length limit,
                // so build it piece by piece. `length` does not include the characters from
                // the request base, see below
                var length = 0;
                moduleMap = Object.create( null ); // { prefix: [ suffixes ] }

                for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
                    // Determine how many bytes this module would add to the query string
                    var lastDotIndex = modules[ i ].lastIndexOf( '.' ),
                        prefix = modules[ i ].slice( 0, Math.max( 0, lastDotIndex ) ),
                        suffix = modules[ i ].slice( lastDotIndex + 1 ),
                        bytesAdded = moduleMap[ prefix ] ?
                            suffix.length + 3 : // '%2C'.length == 3
                            modules[ i ].length + 3; // '%7C'.length == 3

                    // If the url would become too long, create a new one, but don't create empty requests.
                    // The value of `length` only reflects the request-specific bytes relating to the
                    // accumulated entries in moduleMap so far. It does not include the base length,
                    // which we account for separately with `currReqBaseLength` so that length is 0
                    // when moduleMap is empty.
                    if ( length && length + currReqBaseLength + bytesAdded > mw.loader.maxQueryLength ) {
                        // Dispatch what we've got...
                        doRequest();
                        // .. and start preparing a new request.
                        length = 0;
                        moduleMap = Object.create( null );
                    }
                    if ( !moduleMap[ prefix ] ) {
                        moduleMap[ prefix ] = [];
                    }
                    length += bytesAdded;
                    moduleMap[ prefix ].push( suffix );
                }
                // Optimization: Skip `length` check.
                // moduleMap will contain at least one module here. The loop above leaves the last module
                // undispatched (and maybe some before it), so for moduleMap to be empty here, there must
                // have been no modules to iterate in the current group to start with, but we only create
                // a group in `splits` when the first module in the group is seen, so there are always
                // modules in the group when this code is reached.
                doRequest();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * @param {string[]} implementations Array containing pieces of JavaScript code in the
     *  form of calls to mw.loader#impl().
     * @param {Function} cb Callback in case of failure
     * @param {Error} cb.err
     * @param {number} [offset] Integer offset into implementations to start at
     */
    function asyncEval( implementations, cb, offset ) {
        if ( !implementations.length ) {
            return;
        }
        offset = offset || 0;
        mw.requestIdleCallback( function ( deadline ) {
            asyncEvalTask( deadline, implementations, cb, offset );
        } );
    }

    /**
     * Idle callback for asyncEval
     *
     * @private
     * @param {IdleDeadline} deadline
     * @param {string[]} implementations
     * @param {Function} cb
     * @param {Error} cb.err
     * @param {number} offset
     */
    function asyncEvalTask( deadline, implementations, cb, offset ) {
        for ( var i = offset; i < implementations.length; i++ ) {
            if ( deadline.timeRemaining() <= 0 ) {
                asyncEval( implementations, cb, i );
                return;
            }
            try {
                indirectEval( implementations[ i ] );
            } catch ( err ) {
                cb( err );
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Make a versioned key for a specific module.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {string} module Module name
     * @return {string|null} Module key in format '`[name]@[version]`',
     *  or null if the module does not exist
     */
    function getModuleKey( module ) {
        return module in registry ? ( module + '@' + registry[ module ].version ) : null;
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * @param {string} key Module name or '`[name]@[version]`'
     * @return {Object}
     */
    function splitModuleKey( key ) {
        // Module names may contain '@' but version strings may not, so the last '@' is the delimiter
        var index = key.lastIndexOf( '@' );
        // If the key doesn't contain '@' or starts with it, the whole thing is the module name
        if ( index === -1 || index === 0 ) {
            return {
                name: key,
                version: ''
            };
        }
        return {
            name: key.slice( 0, index ),
            version: key.slice( index + 1 )
        };
    }

    /**
     * @private
     * @param {string} module
     * @param {string} [version]
     * @param {string[]} [dependencies]
     * @param {string} [group]
     * @param {string} [source]
     * @param {string} [skip]
     */
    function registerOne( module, version, dependencies, group, source, skip ) {
        if ( module in registry ) {
            throw new Error( 'module already registered: ' + module );
        }

        registry[ module ] = {
            // Exposed to execute() for mw.loader.impl() closures.
            // Import happens via require().
            module: {
                exports: {}
            },
            // module.export objects for each package file inside this module
            packageExports: {},
            version: version || '',
            dependencies: dependencies || [],
            group: typeof group === 'undefined' ? null : group,
            source: typeof source === 'string' ? source : 'local',
            state: 'registered',
            skip: typeof skip === 'string' ? skip : null
        };
    }

    /* Public Members */

    mw.loader = {
        /**
         * The module registry is exposed as an aid for debugging and inspecting page
         * state; it is not a public interface for modifying the registry.
         *
         * @see #registry
         * @property {Object}
         * @private
         */
        moduleRegistry: registry,

        /**
         * Exposed for testing and debugging only.
         *
         * @see #batchRequest
         * @property {number}
         * @private
         */
        maxQueryLength: $VARS.maxQueryLength,

        addStyleTag: newStyleTag,

        // Exposed for internal use only. Documented as @private.
        addScriptTag: addScript,
        // Exposed for internal use only. Documented as @private.
        addLinkTag: addLink,

        // Exposed for internal use only. Documented as @private.
        enqueue: enqueue,

        // Exposed for internal use only. Documented as @private.
        resolve: resolve,

        /**
         * Start loading of all queued module dependencies.
         *
         * @private
         */
        work: function () {
            store.init();

            var q = queue.length,
                storedImplementations = [],
                storedNames = [],
                requestNames = [],
                batch = new Set();

            // Iterate the list of requested modules, and do one of three things:
            // - 1) Nothing (if already loaded or being loaded).
            // - 2) Eval the cached implementation from the module store.
            // - 3) Request from network.
            while ( q-- ) {
                var module = queue[ q ];
                // Only consider modules which are the initial 'registered' state,
                // and ignore duplicates
                if ( mw.loader.getState( module ) === 'registered' &&
                    !batch.has( module )
                ) {
                    // Progress the state machine
                    registry[ module ].state = 'loading';
                    batch.add( module );

                    var implementation = store.get( module );
                    if ( implementation ) {
                        // Module store enabled and contains this module/version
                        storedImplementations.push( implementation );
                        storedNames.push( module );
                    } else {
                        // Module store disabled or doesn't have this module/version
                        requestNames.push( module );
                    }
                }
            }

            // Now that the queue has been processed into a batch, clear the queue.
            // This MUST happen before we initiate any eval or network request. Otherwise,
            // it is possible for a cached script to instantly trigger the same work queue
            // again; all before we've cleared it causing each request to include modules
            // which are already loaded.
            queue = [];

            asyncEval( storedImplementations, function ( err ) {
                // Not good, the cached mw.loader.impl calls failed! This should
                // never happen, barring ResourceLoader bugs, browser bugs and PEBKACs.
                // Depending on how corrupt the string is, it is likely that some
                // modules' impl() succeeded while the ones after the error will
                // never run and leave their modules in the 'loading' state forever.
                store.stats.failed++;

                // Since this is an error not caused by an individual module but by
                // something that infected the implement call itself, don't take any
                // risks and clear everything in this cache.
                store.clear();

                mw.trackError( {
                    exception: err,
                    source: 'store-eval'
                } );
                // For any failed ones, fallback to requesting from network
                var failed = storedNames.filter( function ( name ) {
                    return registry[ name ].state === 'loading';
                } );
                batchRequest( failed );
            } );

            batchRequest( requestNames );
        },

        /**
         * Register a source.
         *
         * The #work() method will use this information to split up requests by source.
         *
         * @example
         * mw.loader.addSource( { mediawikiwiki: 'https://www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php' } );
         *
         * @private
         * @param {Object} ids An object mapping ids to load.php end point urls
         * @throws {Error} If source id is already registered
         */
        addSource: function ( ids ) {
            for ( var id in ids ) {
                if ( id in sources ) {
                    throw new Error( 'source already registered: ' + id );
                }
                sources[ id ] = ids[ id ];
            }
        },

        /**
         * Register a module, letting the system know about it and its properties.
         *
         * The startup module calls this method.
         *
         * When using multiple module registration by passing an array, dependencies that
         * are specified as references to modules within the array will be resolved before
         * the modules are registered.
         *
         * @param {string|Array} modules Module name or array of arrays, each containing
         *  a list of arguments compatible with this method
         * @param {string} [version] Module version hash (falls backs to empty string)
         * @param {string[]} [dependencies] Array of module names on which this module depends.
         * @param {string} [group=null] Group which the module is in
         * @param {string} [source='local'] Name of the source
         * @param {string} [skip=null] Script body of the skip function
         * @private
         */
        register: function ( modules ) {
            if ( typeof modules !== 'object' ) {
                registerOne.apply( null, arguments );
                return;
            }
            // Need to resolve indexed dependencies:
            // ResourceLoader uses an optimisation to save space which replaces module
            // names in dependency lists with the index of that module within the
            // array of module registration data if it exists. The benefit is a significant
            // reduction in the data size of the startup module. This loop changes
            // those dependency lists back to arrays of strings.
            function resolveIndex( dep ) {
                return typeof dep === 'number' ? modules[ dep ][ 0 ] : dep;
            }

            for ( var i = 0; i < modules.length; i++ ) {
                var deps = modules[ i ][ 2 ];
                if ( deps ) {
                    for ( var j = 0; j < deps.length; j++ ) {
                        deps[ j ] = resolveIndex( deps[ j ] );
                    }
                }
                // Optimisation: Up to 55% faster.
                // Typically register() is called exactly once on a page, and with a batch.
                // See <https://gist.github.com/Krinkle/f06fdb3de62824c6c16f02a0e6ce0e66>
                // Benchmarks taught us that the code for adding an object to `registry`
                // should be in a function that has only one signature and does no arguments
                // manipulation.
                // JS semantics make it hard to optimise recursion to a different
                // signature of itself, hence we moved this out.
                registerOne.apply( null, modules[ i ] );
            }
        },

        /**
         * Implement a module given the components of the module.
         *
         * See #impl for a full description of the parameters.
         *
         * Prior to MW 1.41, this was used internally, but now it is only kept
         * for backwards compatibility.
         *
         * Does not support mw.loader.store caching.
         *
         * @param {string} module
         * @param {Function|Array|string|Object} [script]
         * @param {Object} [style]
         * @param {Object} [messages] List of key/value pairs to be added to mw#messages.
         * @param {Object} [templates] List of key/value pairs to be added to mw#templates.
         * @param {string|null} [deprecationWarning] Deprecation warning if any
         * @private
         */
        implement: function ( module, script, style, messages, templates, deprecationWarning ) {
            var split = splitModuleKey( module ),
                name = split.name,
                version = split.version;

            // Automatically register module
            if ( !( name in registry ) ) {
                mw.loader.register( name );
            }
            // Check for duplicate implementation
            if ( registry[ name ].script !== undefined ) {
                throw new Error( 'module already implemented: ' + name );
            }
            registry[ name ].version = version;
            registry[ name ].declarator = null; // not supported
            registry[ name ].script = script;
            registry[ name ].style = style;
            registry[ name ].messages = messages;
            registry[ name ].templates = templates;
            registry[ name ].deprecationWarning = deprecationWarning;
            // The module may already have been marked as erroneous
            if ( registry[ name ].state !== 'error' && registry[ name ].state !== 'missing' ) {
                setAndPropagate( name, 'loaded' );
            }
        },

        /**
         * Implement a module given a function which returns the components of the module
         *
         * @param {Function} declarator
         *
         * The declarator should return an array with the following keys:
         *
         *  - 0. {string} module Name of module and current module version. Formatted
         *    as '`[name]@[version]`". This version should match the requested version
         *    (from #batchRequest and #registry). This avoids race conditions (T117587).
         *
         *  - 1. {Function|Array|string|Object} [script] Module code. This can be a function,
         *    a list of URLs to load via `<script src>`, a string for `globalEval()`, or an
         *    object like {"files": {"foo.js":function, "bar.js": function, ...}, "main": "foo.js"}.
         *    If an object is provided, the main file will be executed immediately, and the other
         *    files will only be executed if loaded via require(). If a function or string is
         *    provided, it will be executed/evaluated immediately. If an array is provided, all
         *    URLs in the array will be loaded immediately, and executed as soon as they arrive.
         *
         *  - 2. {Object} [style] Should follow one of the following patterns:
         *
         *     { "css": [css, ..] }
         *     { "url": { (media): [url, ..] } }
         *
         *    The reason css strings are not concatenated anymore is T33676. We now check
         *    whether it's safe to extend the stylesheet.
         *
         *  - 3. {Object} [messages] List of key/value pairs to be added to mw#messages.
         *  - 4. {Object} [templates] List of key/value pairs to be added to mw#templates.
         *  - 5. {String|null} [deprecationWarning] Deprecation warning if any
         *
         * The declarator must not use any scope variables, since it will be serialized with
         * Function.prototype.toString() and later restored and executed in the global scope.
         *
         * The elements are all optional except the name.
         * @private
         */
        impl: function ( declarator ) {
            var data = declarator(),
                module = data[ 0 ],
                script = data[ 1 ] || null,
                style = data[ 2 ] || null,
                messages = data[ 3 ] || null,
                templates = data[ 4 ] || null,
                deprecationWarning = data[ 5 ] || null,
                split = splitModuleKey( module ),
                name = split.name,
                version = split.version;

            // Automatically register module
            if ( !( name in registry ) ) {
                mw.loader.register( name );
            }
            // Check for duplicate implementation
            if ( registry[ name ].script !== undefined ) {
                throw new Error( 'module already implemented: ' + name );
            }
            // Without this reset, if there is a version mismatch between the
            // requested and received module version, then mw.loader.store would
            // cache the response under the requested key. Thus poisoning the cache
            // indefinitely with a stale value. (T117587)
            registry[ name ].version = version;
            // Attach components
            registry[ name ].declarator = declarator;
            registry[ name ].script = script;
            registry[ name ].style = style;
            registry[ name ].messages = messages;
            registry[ name ].templates = templates;
            registry[ name ].deprecationWarning = deprecationWarning;
            // The module may already have been marked as erroneous
            if ( registry[ name ].state !== 'error' && registry[ name ].state !== 'missing' ) {
                setAndPropagate( name, 'loaded' );
            }
        },

        /**
         * Load an external script or one or more modules.
         *
         * This method takes a list of unrelated modules. Use cases:
         *
         * - A web page will be composed of many different widgets. These widgets independently
         *   queue their ResourceLoader modules (`OutputPage::addModules()`). If any of them
         *   have problems, or are no longer known (e.g. cached HTML), the other modules
         *   should still be loaded.
         * - This method is used for preloading, which must not throw. Later code that
         *   calls #using() will handle the error.
         *
         * @param {string|Array} modules Either the name of a module, array of modules,
         *  or a URL of an external script or style
         * @param {string} [type='text/javascript'] MIME type to use if calling with a URL of an
         *  external script or style; acceptable values are "text/css" and
         *  "text/javascript"; if no type is provided, text/javascript is assumed.
         * @throws {Error} If type is invalid
         */
        load: function ( modules, type ) {
            // eslint-disable-next-line security/detect-unsafe-regex
            if ( typeof modules === 'string' && /^(https?:)?\/?\//.test( modules ) ) {
                // Called with a url like so:
                // - "https://example.org/x.js"
                // - "http://example.org/x.js"
                // - "//example.org/x.js"
                // - "/x.js"
                if ( type === 'text/css' ) {
                    addLink( modules );
                } else if ( type === 'text/javascript' || type === undefined ) {
                    addScript( modules );
                } else {
                    // Unknown type
                    throw new Error( 'Invalid type ' + type );
                }
            } else {
                // One or more modules
                modules = typeof modules === 'string' ? [ modules ] : modules;
                // Resolve modules into a flat list for internal queuing.
                // This also filters out unknown modules and modules with
                // unknown dependencies, allowing the rest to continue. (T36853)
                // Omit ready and error parameters, we don't have callbacks
                enqueue( resolveStubbornly( modules ) );
            }
        },

        /**
         * Change the state of one or more modules.
         *
         * @param {Object} states Object of module name/state pairs
         * @private
         */
        state: function ( states ) {
            for ( var module in states ) {
                if ( !( module in registry ) ) {
                    mw.loader.register( module );
                }
                setAndPropagate( module, states[ module ] );
            }
        },

        /**
         * Get the state of a module.
         *
         * Possible states for the public API:
         *
         * - `registered`: The module is available for loading but not yet requested.
         * - `loading`, `loaded`, or `executing`: The module is currently being loaded.
         * - `ready`: The module was succesfully and fully loaded.
         * - `error`: The module or one its dependencies has failed to load, e.g. due to
         *    uncaught error from the module's script files.
         * - `missing`: The module was requested but is not defined according to the server.
         *
         * Internal mw.loader state machine:
         *
         * - `registered`:
         *    The module is known to the system but not yet required.
         *    Meta data is stored by mw.loader#register.
         *    Calls to that method are generated server-side by StartupModule.
         * - `loading`:
         *    The module was required through mw.loader (either directly or as dependency of
         *    another module). The client will fetch module contents from mw.loader.store
         *    or from the server. The contents should later be received by mw.loader#implement.
         * - `loaded`:
         *    The module has been received by mw.loader#implement.
         *    Once the module has no more dependencies in-flight, the module will be executed,
         *    controlled via #setAndPropagate and #doPropagation.
         * - `executing`:
         *    The module is being executed (apply messages and stylesheets, execute scripts)
         *    by mw.loader#execute.
         * - `ready`:
         *    The module has been successfully executed.
         * - `error`:
         *    The module (or one of its dependencies) produced an uncaught error during execution.
         * - `missing`:
         *    The module was registered client-side and requested, but the server denied knowledge
         *    of the module's existence.
         *
         * @param {string} module Name of module
         * @return {string|null} The state, or null if the module (or its state) is not
         *  in the registry.
         */
        getState: function ( module ) {
            return module in registry ? registry[ module ].state : null;
        },

        /**
         * Get the exported value of a module.
         *
         * This static method is publicly exposed for debugging purposes
         * only and must not be used in production code. In production code,
         * please use the dynamically provided `require()` function instead.
         *
         * In case of lazy-loaded modules via mw.loader#using(), the returned
         * Promise provides the function, see #using() for examples.
         *
         * @private
         * @since 1.27
         * @param {string} moduleName Module name
         * @return {any} Exported value
         */
        require: function ( moduleName ) {
            var path;
            if ( window.QUnit ) {
                // Comply with Node specification
                // https://nodejs.org/docs/v20.1.0/api/modules.html#all-together
                //
                // > Interpret X as a combination of NAME and SUBPATH, where the NAME
                // > may have a "@scope/" prefix and the subpath begins with a slash (`/`).
                //
                // Regex inspired by Node [1], but simplified to suite our purposes
                // and split in two in order to keep the Regex Star Height under 2,
                // as per ESLint security/detect-unsafe-regex.
                //
                // These patterns match "@scope/module/dir/file.js" and "module/dir/file.js"
                // respectively. They must not match "module.name" or "@scope/module.name".
                //
                // [1] https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.1.0/lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js#L554-L560
                var paths = moduleName.startsWith( '@' ) ?
                    /^(@[^/]+\/[^/]+)\/(.*)$/.exec( moduleName ) :
                    // eslint-disable-next-line no-mixed-spaces-and-tabs
                            /^([^/]+)\/(.*)$/.exec( moduleName );
                if ( paths ) {
                    moduleName = paths[ 1 ];
                    path = paths[ 2 ];
                }
            }

            // Only ready modules can be required
            if ( mw.loader.getState( moduleName ) !== 'ready' ) {
                // Module may've forgotten to declare a dependency
                throw new Error( 'Module "' + moduleName + '" is not loaded' );
            }

            return path ?
                makeRequireFunction( registry[ moduleName ], '' )( './' + path ) :
                registry[ moduleName ].module.exports;
        }
    };

    var hasPendingFlush = false,
        hasPendingWrites = false;

    /**
     * Actually update the store
     *
     * @see #requestUpdate
     * @private
     */
    function flushWrites() {
        // Process queued module names, serialise their contents to the in-memory store.
        while ( store.queue.length ) {
            store.set( store.queue.shift() );
        }

        // Optimization: Don't reserialize the entire store and rewrite localStorage,
        // if no module was added or changed.
        if ( hasPendingWrites ) {
            // Remove anything from the in-memory store that came from previous page
            // loads that no longer corresponds with current module names and versions.
            store.prune();

            try {
                // Replacing the content of the module store might fail if the new
                // contents would exceed the browser's localStorage size limit. To
                // avoid clogging the browser with stale data, always remove the old
                // value before attempting to store a new one.
                localStorage.removeItem( store.key );
                localStorage.setItem( store.key, JSON.stringify( {
                    items: store.items,
                    vary: store.vary,
                    // Store with 1e7 ms accuracy (1e4 seconds, or ~ 2.7 hours),
                    // which is enough for the purpose of expiring after ~ 30 days.
                    asOf: Math.ceil( Date.now() / 1e7 )
                } ) );
            } catch ( e ) {
                mw.trackError( {
                    exception: e,
                    source: 'store-localstorage-update'
                } );
            }
        }

        // Let the next call to requestUpdate() create a new timer.
        hasPendingFlush = hasPendingWrites = false;
    }

    // We use a local variable `store` so that its easier to access, but also need to set
    // this in mw.loader so its exported - combine the two

    /**
     * On browsers that implement the localStorage API, the module store serves as a
     * smart complement to the browser cache. Unlike the browser cache, the module store
     * can slice a concatenated response from ResourceLoader into its constituent
     * modules and cache each of them separately, using each module's versioning scheme
     * to determine when the cache should be invalidated.
     *
     * @private
     * @singleton
     * @class mw.loader.store
     * @ignore
     */
    mw.loader.store = store = {
        // Whether the store is in use on this page.
        enabled: null,

        // The contents of the store, mapping '[name]@[version]' keys
        // to module implementations.
        items: {},

        // Names of modules to be stored during the next update.
        // See add() and update().
        queue: [],

        // Cache hit stats
        stats: { hits: 0, misses: 0, expired: 0, failed: 0 },

        /**
         * The localStorage key for the entire module store. The key references
         * $wgDBname to prevent clashes between wikis which share a common host.
         *
         * @property {string}
         */
        key: $VARS.storeKey,

        /**
         * A string containing various factors by which the module cache should vary.
         *
         * Defined by ResourceLoader\StartupModule::getStoreVary() in PHP.
         *
         * @property {string}
         */
        vary: $VARS.storeVary,

        /**
         * Initialize the store.
         *
         * Retrieves store from localStorage and (if successfully retrieved) decoding
         * the stored JSON value to a plain object.
         */
        init: function () {
            // Init only once per page
            if ( this.enabled === null ) {
                this.enabled = false;
                if ( $VARS.storeEnabled ) {
                    this.load();
                } else {
                    // Clear any previous store to free up space. (T66721)
                    this.clear();
                }

            }
        },

        /**
         * Internal helper for init(). Separated for ease of testing.
         */
        load: function () {
            // These are the scenarios to think about:
            //
            // 1. localStorage is disallowed by the browser.
            //    This means `localStorage.getItem` throws.
            //    The store stays disabled.
            //
            // 2. localStorage did not contain our store key.
            //    This usually means the browser has a cold cache for this site,
            //    and thus localStorage.getItem returns null.
            //    The store will be enabled, and `items` starts fresh.
            //
            // 3. localStorage contains parseable data, but it's not usable.
            //    This means the data is too old, or is not valid for mw.loader.store.vary
            //    (e.g. user switched skin or language).
            //    The store will be enabled, and `items` starts fresh.
            //
            // 4. localStorage contains invalid JSON data.
            //    This means the data was corrupted, and `JSON.parse` throws.
            //    The store will be enabled, and `items` starts fresh.
            //
            // 5. localStorage contains valid and usable JSON.
            //    This means we have a warm cache from a previous visit.
            //    The store will be enabled, and `items` starts with the stored data.

            try {
                var raw = localStorage.getItem( this.key );

                // If we make it here, localStorage is enabled and available.
                // The rest of the function may fail, but that only affects what we load from
                // the cache. We'll still enable the store to allow storing new modules.
                this.enabled = true;

                // If getItem returns null, JSON.parse() will cast to string and re-parse, still null.
                var data = JSON.parse( raw );
                if ( data &&
                    data.vary === this.vary &&
                    data.items &&
                    // Only use if it's been less than 30 days since the data was written
                    // 30 days = 2,592,000 s = 2,592,000,000 ms = ± 259e7 ms
                    Date.now() < ( data.asOf * 1e7 ) + 259e7
                ) {
                    // The data is not corrupt, matches our vary context, and has not expired.
                    this.items = data.items;
                }
            } catch ( e ) {
                // Ignore error from localStorage or JSON.parse.
                // Don't print any warning (T195647).
            }
        },

        /**
         * Retrieve a module from the store and update cache hit stats.
         *
         * @param {string} module Module name
         * @return {string|boolean} Module implementation or false if unavailable
         */
        get: function ( module ) {
            if ( this.enabled ) {
                var key = getModuleKey( module );
                if ( key in this.items ) {
                    this.stats.hits++;
                    return this.items[ key ];
                }

                this.stats.misses++;
            }

            return false;
        },

        /**
         * Queue the name of a module that the next update should consider storing.
         *
         * @since 1.32
         * @param {string} module Module name
         */
        add: function ( module ) {
            if ( this.enabled ) {
                this.queue.push( module );
                this.requestUpdate();
            }
        },

        /**
         * Add the contents of the named module to the in-memory store.
         *
         * This method does not guarantee that the module will be stored.
         * Inspection of the module's meta data and size will ultimately decide that.
         *
         * This method is considered internal to mw.loader.store and must only
         * be called if the store is enabled.
         *
         * @private
         * @param {string} module Module name
         */
        set: function ( module ) {
            var descriptor = registry[ module ],
                key = getModuleKey( module );

            if (
                // Already stored a copy of this exact version
                key in this.items ||
                // Module failed to load
                !descriptor ||
                descriptor.state !== 'ready' ||
                // Unversioned, private, or site-/user-specific
                !descriptor.version ||
                descriptor.group === $VARS.groupPrivate ||
                descriptor.group === $VARS.groupUser ||
                // Legacy descriptor, registered with mw.loader.implement
                !descriptor.declarator
            ) {
                // Decline to store
                return;
            }

            var script = String( descriptor.declarator );
            // Modules whose serialised form exceeds 100 kB won't be stored (T66721).
            if ( script.length > 1e5 ) {
                return;
            }

            var srcParts = [
                'mw.loader.impl(',
                script,
                ');\n'
            ];
            if ( $VARS.sourceMapLinks ) {
                srcParts.push( '// Saved in localStorage at ', ( new Date() ).toISOString(), '\n' );
                var sourceLoadScript = sources[ descriptor.source ];
                var query = Object.create( $VARS.reqBase );
                query.modules = module;
                query.version = getCombinedVersion( [ module ] );
                query = sortQuery( query );
                srcParts.push(
                    '//# sourceURL=',
                    // Use absolute URL so that Firefox console stack trace links will work
                    ( new URL( sourceLoadScript, location ) ).href,
                    '?',
                    makeQueryString( query ),
                    '\n'
                );

                query.sourcemap = '1';
                query = sortQuery( query );
                srcParts.push(
                    '//# sourceMappingURL=',
                    sourceLoadScript,
                    '?',
                    makeQueryString( query )
                );
            }
            this.items[ key ] = srcParts.join( '' );
            hasPendingWrites = true;
        },

        /**
         * Iterate through the module store, removing any item that does not correspond
         * (in name and version) to an item in the module registry.
         */
        prune: function () {
            for ( var key in this.items ) {
                // key is in the form [name]@[version], slice to get just the name
                // to provide to getModuleKey, which will return a key in the same
                // form but with the latest version
                if ( getModuleKey( splitModuleKey( key ).name ) !== key ) {
                    this.stats.expired++;
                    delete this.items[ key ];
                }
            }
        },

        /**
         * Clear the entire module store right now.
         */
        clear: function () {
            this.items = {};
            try {
                localStorage.removeItem( this.key );
            } catch ( e ) {}
        },

        /**
         * Request a sync of the in-memory store back to persisted localStorage.
         *
         * This function debounces updates. The debouncing logic should account
         * for the following factors:
         *
         * - Writing to localStorage is an expensive operation that must not happen
         *   during the critical path of initialising and executing module code.
         *   Instead, it should happen at a later time after modules have been given
         *   time and priority to do their thing first.
         *
         * - This method is called from mw.loader.store.add(), which will be called
         *   hundreds of times on a typical page, including within the same call-stack
         *   and eventloop-tick. This is because responses from load.php happen in
         *   batches. As such, we want to allow all modules from the same load.php
         *   response to be written to disk with a single flush, not many.
         *
         * - Repeatedly deleting and creating timers is non-trivial.
         *
         * - localStorage is shared by all pages from the same origin, if multiple
         *   pages are loaded with different module sets, the possibility exists that
         *   modules saved by one page will be clobbered by another. The impact of
         *   this is minor, it merely causes a less efficient cache use, and the
         *   problem would be corrected by subsequent page views.
         *
         * This method is considered internal to mw.loader.store and must only
         * be called if the store is enabled.
         *
         * @private
         * @method
         */
        requestUpdate: function () {
            // On the first call to requestUpdate(), create a timer that
            // waits at least two seconds, then calls onTimeout.
            // The main purpose is to allow the current batch of load.php
            // responses to complete before we do anything. This batch can
            // trigger many hundreds of calls to requestUpdate().
            if ( !hasPendingFlush ) {
                hasPendingFlush = setTimeout(
                    // Defer the actual write via requestIdleCallback
                    function () {
                        mw.requestIdleCallback( flushWrites );
                    },
                    2000
                );
            }
        }
    };
}() );