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Avoid too many return statements within this method.
Open

              return q_large_x_complement(a, x, with_error)
Severity: Major
Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb - About 30 mins to fix

    Avoid too many return statements within this method.
    Open

                return p_series(a, x, with_error)
    Severity: Major
    Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb - About 30 mins to fix

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

              def q_large_x_complement(a, x, with_error = false)
          q = q_large_x(a, x, with_error)
          with_error ? [1.0 - q.first, q.last + 2.0 * Float::EPSILON * (1.0 - q.first).abs] : 1.0 - q
        end
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb and 1 other location - About 30 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb on lines 97..100

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 32.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

              def q_continued_fraction_complement(a, x, with_error = false)
          q = q_continued_fraction(a, x, with_error)
          with_error ? [1.0 - q.first, q.last + 2.0 * Float::EPSILON * (1.0 - q.first).abs] : 1.0 - q
        end
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb and 1 other location - About 30 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb on lines 102..105

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 32.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                     gstar_a: [2.16786447866463034423060819465,
                         -0.05533249018745584258035832802,
                         0.01800392431460719960888319748,
                         -0.00580919269468937714480019814,
                         0.00186523689488400339978881560,
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb and 1 other location - About 25 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 79..108

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 31.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                (1..10).each do|i|
            w[i][3] = data[(i - 1) * 2]
            x[i][3] = data[(i - 1) * 2 + 1]
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb and 2 other locations - About 25 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 159..161
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 170..172

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 31.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 2 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                     gstar_b: [0.0057502277273114339831606096782,
                         0.0004496689534965685038254147807,
                         -0.0001672763153188717308905047405,
                         0.0000615137014913154794776670946,
                         -0.0000223726551711525016380862195,
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb and 1 other location - About 25 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 49..78

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 31.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                (1..3).each do|i|
            w[i][1] = data[(i - 1) * 2]
            x[i][1] = data[(i - 1) * 2 + 1]
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb and 2 other locations - About 25 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 170..172
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 186..188

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 31.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                (1..6).each do|i|
            w[i][2] = data[(i - 1) * 2]
            x[i][2] = data[(i - 1) * 2 + 1]
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb and 2 other locations - About 25 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 159..161
      lib/distribution/bivariatenormal/ruby.rb on lines 186..188

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 31.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Method p_t has a Cognitive Complexity of 6 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

              def p_t(df, t)
          if df.to_i != df
            x = (t + Math.sqrt(t**2 + df)) / (2 * Math.sqrt(t**2 + df))
            return Math.regularized_beta(x, df / 2.0, df / 2.0)
          end
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/t/ruby.rb - About 25 mins to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Method pdf has a Cognitive Complexity of 6 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

              def pdf(x, a, b)
          return 0 if x < 0
          if x == 0
            return 1.quo(b) if a == 1
            return 0
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/gamma/ruby.rb - About 25 mins to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Method create_has_library has a Cognitive Complexity of 6 (exceeds 5 allowed). Consider refactoring.
      Open

          def create_has_library(library) #:nodoc:
      define_singleton_method("has_#{library}?") do
        cv = "@@#{library}"
        unless class_variable_defined? cv
          begin
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution.rb - About 25 mins to fix

      Cognitive Complexity

      Cognitive Complexity is a measure of how difficult a unit of code is to intuitively understand. Unlike Cyclomatic Complexity, which determines how difficult your code will be to test, Cognitive Complexity tells you how difficult your code will be to read and comprehend.

      A method's cognitive complexity is based on a few simple rules:

      • Code is not considered more complex when it uses shorthand that the language provides for collapsing multiple statements into one
      • Code is considered more complex for each "break in the linear flow of the code"
      • Code is considered more complex when "flow breaking structures are nested"

      Further reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                  term1 = a * (c1 + a * (c2 + a * (c3 + a * (c4 + a * (c5 + a * (c6 + a * (c7 + a * (c8 + a * (c9 + a * c10)))))))))
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb and 2 other locations - About 20 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension.rb on lines 125..125
      lib/distribution/math_extension.rb on lines 135..135

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 27.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                  a0.quo(zz + a1.quo(zz + a2.quo(zz + a3.quo(zz + a4.quo(zz + a5.quo(zz + a6.quo(zz)))))))
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension.rb and 2 other locations - About 20 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension.rb on lines 135..135
      lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb on lines 321..321

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 27.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                  a0 / (zz + a1 / (zz + a2 / (zz + a3 / (zz + a4 / (zz + a5 / (zz + a6 / zz))))))
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension.rb and 2 other locations - About 20 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension.rb on lines 125..125
      lib/distribution/math_extension/incomplete_gamma.rb on lines 321..321

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 27.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                     ae13: [-0.605773246640603460,
                      -0.112535243483660900,
                      0.013432266247902779,
                      -0.001926845187381145,
                      0.000309118337720603,
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb and 2 other locations - About 15 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 183..207
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 279..303

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 26.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                     erfc_x15: [0.44045832024338111077637466616,
                          -0.143958836762168335790826895326,
                          0.044786499817939267247056666937,
                          -0.013343124200271211203618353102,
                          0.003824682739750469767692372556,
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb and 2 other locations - About 15 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 183..207
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 208..232

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 26.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Similar blocks of code found in 3 locations. Consider refactoring.
      Open

                     ae12: [0.582417495134726740,
                      -0.158348850905782750,
                      -0.006764275590323141,
                      0.005125843950185725,
                      0.000435232492169391,
      Severity: Minor
      Found in lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb and 2 other locations - About 15 mins to fix
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 208..232
      lib/distribution/math_extension/chebyshev_series.rb on lines 279..303

      Duplicated Code

      Duplicated code can lead to software that is hard to understand and difficult to change. The Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY) principle states:

      Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system.

      When you violate DRY, bugs and maintenance problems are sure to follow. Duplicated code has a tendency to both continue to replicate and also to diverge (leaving bugs as two similar implementations differ in subtle ways).

      Tuning

      This issue has a mass of 26.

      We set useful threshold defaults for the languages we support but you may want to adjust these settings based on your project guidelines.

      The threshold configuration represents the minimum mass a code block must have to be analyzed for duplication. The lower the threshold, the more fine-grained the comparison.

      If the engine is too easily reporting duplication, try raising the threshold. If you suspect that the engine isn't catching enough duplication, try lowering the threshold. The best setting tends to differ from language to language.

      See codeclimate-duplication's documentation for more information about tuning the mass threshold in your .codeclimate.yml.

      Refactorings

      Further Reading

      Severity
      Category
      Status
      Source
      Language