app/models/media_attachment.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
# == Schema Information
#
# Table name: media_attachments
#
# id :bigint(8) not null, primary key
# status_id :bigint(8)
# file_file_name :string
# file_content_type :string
# file_file_size :integer
# file_updated_at :datetime
# remote_url :string default(""), not null
# created_at :datetime not null
# updated_at :datetime not null
# shortcode :string
# type :integer default("image"), not null
# file_meta :json
# account_id :bigint(8)
# description :text
# scheduled_status_id :bigint(8)
# blurhash :string
# processing :integer
# file_storage_schema_version :integer
# thumbnail_file_name :string
# thumbnail_content_type :string
# thumbnail_file_size :integer
# thumbnail_updated_at :datetime
# thumbnail_remote_url :string
#
class MediaAttachment < ApplicationRecord
self.inheritance_column = nil
include Attachmentable
enum :type, { image: 0, gifv: 1, video: 2, unknown: 3, audio: 4 }
enum :processing, { queued: 0, in_progress: 1, complete: 2, failed: 3 }, prefix: true
MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH = 1_500
IMAGE_LIMIT = (ENV['MAX_IMAGE_SIZE'] || 16.megabytes).to_i
VIDEO_LIMIT = (ENV['MAX_VIDEO_SIZE'] || 99.megabytes).to_i
MAX_VIDEO_MATRIX_LIMIT = 8_294_400 # 3840x2160px
MAX_VIDEO_FRAME_RATE = 120
MAX_VIDEO_FRAMES = 36_000 # Approx. 5 minutes at 120 fps
IMAGE_FILE_EXTENSIONS = %w(.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .webp .heic .heif .avif).freeze
VIDEO_FILE_EXTENSIONS = %w(.webm .mp4 .m4v .mov).freeze
AUDIO_FILE_EXTENSIONS = %w(.ogg .oga .mp3 .wav .flac .opus .aac .m4a .3gp .wma).freeze
META_KEYS = %i(
focus
colors
original
small
).freeze
IMAGE_MIME_TYPES = %w(image/jpeg image/png image/gif image/heic image/heif image/webp image/avif).freeze
IMAGE_CONVERTIBLE_MIME_TYPES = %w(image/heic image/heif image/avif).freeze
VIDEO_MIME_TYPES = %w(video/webm video/mp4 video/quicktime video/ogg).freeze
VIDEO_CONVERTIBLE_MIME_TYPES = %w(video/webm video/quicktime).freeze
AUDIO_MIME_TYPES = %w(audio/wave audio/wav audio/x-wav audio/x-pn-wave audio/vnd.wave audio/ogg audio/vorbis audio/mpeg audio/mp3 audio/webm audio/flac audio/aac audio/m4a audio/x-m4a audio/mp4 audio/3gpp video/x-ms-asf).freeze
BLURHASH_OPTIONS = {
x_comp: 4,
y_comp: 4,
}.freeze
IMAGE_STYLES = {
original: {
pixels: 8_294_400, # 3840x2160px
file_geometry_parser: FastGeometryParser,
}.freeze,
small: {
pixels: 230_400, # 640x360px
file_geometry_parser: FastGeometryParser,
blurhash: BLURHASH_OPTIONS,
}.freeze,
}.freeze
IMAGE_CONVERTED_STYLES = {
original: {
format: 'jpeg',
content_type: 'image/jpeg',
}.merge(IMAGE_STYLES[:original]).freeze,
small: {
format: 'jpeg',
}.merge(IMAGE_STYLES[:small]).freeze,
}.freeze
VIDEO_FORMAT = {
format: 'mp4',
content_type: 'video/mp4',
vfr_frame_rate_threshold: MAX_VIDEO_FRAME_RATE,
convert_options: {
output: {
'loglevel' => 'fatal',
'preset' => 'veryfast',
'movflags' => 'faststart', # Move metadata to start of file so playback can begin before download finishes
'pix_fmt' => 'yuv420p', # Ensure color space for cross-browser compatibility
'vf' => 'crop=floor(iw/2)*2:floor(ih/2)*2', # h264 requires width and height to be even. Crop instead of scale to avoid blurring
'c:v' => 'h264',
'c:a' => 'aac',
'b:a' => '192k',
'map_metadata' => '-1',
'frames:v' => MAX_VIDEO_FRAMES,
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
}.freeze
VIDEO_PASSTHROUGH_OPTIONS = {
video_codecs: ['h264'].freeze,
audio_codecs: ['aac', nil].freeze,
colorspaces: ['yuv420p'].freeze,
options: {
format: 'mp4',
convert_options: {
output: {
'loglevel' => 'fatal',
'map_metadata' => '-1',
'c:v' => 'copy',
'c:a' => 'copy',
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
}.freeze
VIDEO_STYLES = {
small: {
convert_options: {
output: {
'loglevel' => 'fatal',
:vf => 'scale=\'min(640\, iw):min(640\, ih)\':force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease',
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
format: 'png',
time: 0,
file_geometry_parser: FastGeometryParser,
blurhash: BLURHASH_OPTIONS,
}.freeze,
original: VIDEO_FORMAT.merge(passthrough_options: VIDEO_PASSTHROUGH_OPTIONS).freeze,
}.freeze
AUDIO_STYLES = {
original: {
format: 'mp3',
content_type: 'audio/mpeg',
convert_options: {
output: {
'loglevel' => 'fatal',
'q:a' => 2,
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
}.freeze,
}.freeze
VIDEO_CONVERTED_STYLES = {
small: VIDEO_STYLES[:small].freeze,
original: VIDEO_FORMAT.freeze,
}.freeze
THUMBNAIL_STYLES = {
original: IMAGE_STYLES[:small].freeze,
}.freeze
DEFAULT_STYLES = [:original].freeze
GLOBAL_CONVERT_OPTIONS = {
all: '-quality 90 +profile "!icc,*" +set date:modify +set date:create +set date:timestamp -define jpeg:dct-method=float',
}.freeze
belongs_to :account, inverse_of: :media_attachments, optional: true
belongs_to :status, inverse_of: :media_attachments, optional: true
belongs_to :scheduled_status, inverse_of: :media_attachments, optional: true
has_attached_file :file,
styles: ->(f) { file_styles f },
processors: ->(f) { file_processors f },
convert_options: GLOBAL_CONVERT_OPTIONS
before_file_validate :set_type_and_extension
before_file_validate :check_video_dimensions
validates_attachment_content_type :file, content_type: IMAGE_MIME_TYPES + VIDEO_MIME_TYPES + AUDIO_MIME_TYPES
validates_attachment_size :file, less_than: ->(m) { m.larger_media_format? ? VIDEO_LIMIT : IMAGE_LIMIT }
remotable_attachment :file, VIDEO_LIMIT, suppress_errors: false, download_on_assign: false, attribute_name: :remote_url
has_attached_file :thumbnail,
styles: THUMBNAIL_STYLES,
processors: [:lazy_thumbnail, :blurhash_transcoder, :color_extractor],
convert_options: GLOBAL_CONVERT_OPTIONS
validates_attachment_content_type :thumbnail, content_type: IMAGE_MIME_TYPES
validates_attachment_size :thumbnail, less_than: IMAGE_LIMIT
remotable_attachment :thumbnail, IMAGE_LIMIT, suppress_errors: true, download_on_assign: false
validates :account, presence: true
validates :description, length: { maximum: MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH }
validates :file, presence: true, if: :local?
validates :thumbnail, absence: true, if: -> { local? && !audio_or_video? }
scope :attached, -> { where.not(status_id: nil).or(where.not(scheduled_status_id: nil)) }
scope :cached, -> { remote.where.not(file_file_name: nil) }
scope :created_before, ->(value) { where(arel_table[:created_at].lt(value)) }
scope :local, -> { where(remote_url: '') }
scope :ordered, -> { order(id: :asc) }
scope :remote, -> { where.not(remote_url: '') }
scope :unattached, -> { where(status_id: nil, scheduled_status_id: nil) }
scope :updated_before, ->(value) { where(arel_table[:updated_at].lt(value)) }
attr_accessor :skip_download
def local?
remote_url.blank?
end
def not_processed?
processing.present? && !processing_complete?
end
def needs_redownload?
file.blank? && remote_url.present?
end
def significantly_changed?
description_previously_changed? || thumbnail_updated_at_previously_changed? || file_meta_previously_changed?
end
def larger_media_format?
video? || gifv? || audio?
end
def audio_or_video?
audio? || video?
end
def to_param
shortcode.presence || id&.to_s
end
def focus=(point)
return if point.blank?
x, y = (point.is_a?(Enumerable) ? point : point.split(',')).map(&:to_f)
meta = (file.instance_read(:meta) || {}).with_indifferent_access.slice(*META_KEYS)
meta['focus'] = { 'x' => x, 'y' => y }
file.instance_write(:meta, meta)
end
def focus
x = file.meta&.dig('focus', 'x')
y = file.meta&.dig('focus', 'y')
return if x.nil? || y.nil?
"#{x},#{y}"
end
attr_writer :delay_processing
def delay_processing?
@delay_processing && larger_media_format?
end
def delay_processing_for_attachment?(attachment_name)
delay_processing? && attachment_name == :file
end
before_create :set_unknown_type
before_create :set_processing
after_commit :enqueue_processing, on: :create
after_commit :reset_parent_cache, on: :update
after_post_process :set_meta
class << self
def supported_mime_types
IMAGE_MIME_TYPES + VIDEO_MIME_TYPES + AUDIO_MIME_TYPES
end
def supported_file_extensions
IMAGE_FILE_EXTENSIONS + VIDEO_FILE_EXTENSIONS + AUDIO_FILE_EXTENSIONS
end
private
def file_styles(attachment)
if attachment.instance.file_content_type == 'image/gif' || VIDEO_CONVERTIBLE_MIME_TYPES.include?(attachment.instance.file_content_type)
VIDEO_CONVERTED_STYLES
elsif IMAGE_CONVERTIBLE_MIME_TYPES.include?(attachment.instance.file_content_type)
IMAGE_CONVERTED_STYLES
elsif IMAGE_MIME_TYPES.include?(attachment.instance.file_content_type)
IMAGE_STYLES
elsif VIDEO_MIME_TYPES.include?(attachment.instance.file_content_type)
VIDEO_STYLES
else
AUDIO_STYLES
end
end
def file_processors(instance)
if instance.file_content_type == 'image/gif'
[:gif_transcoder, :blurhash_transcoder]
elsif VIDEO_MIME_TYPES.include?(instance.file_content_type)
[:transcoder, :blurhash_transcoder, :type_corrector]
elsif AUDIO_MIME_TYPES.include?(instance.file_content_type)
[:image_extractor, :transcoder, :type_corrector]
else
[:lazy_thumbnail, :blurhash_transcoder, :type_corrector]
end
end
end
private
def set_unknown_type
self.type = :unknown if file.blank? && !type_changed?
end
def set_type_and_extension
self.type = begin
if VIDEO_MIME_TYPES.include?(file_content_type)
:video
elsif AUDIO_MIME_TYPES.include?(file_content_type)
:audio
else
:image
end
end
end
def set_processing
self.processing = delay_processing? ? :queued : :complete
end
def check_video_dimensions
return unless (video? || gifv?) && file.queued_for_write[:original].present?
movie = ffmpeg_data(file.queued_for_write[:original].path)
return unless movie.valid?
raise Mastodon::StreamValidationError, 'Video has no video stream' if movie.width.nil? || movie.frame_rate.nil?
raise Mastodon::DimensionsValidationError, "#{movie.width}x#{movie.height} videos are not supported" if movie.width * movie.height > MAX_VIDEO_MATRIX_LIMIT
raise Mastodon::DimensionsValidationError, "#{movie.frame_rate.floor}fps videos are not supported" if movie.frame_rate.floor > MAX_VIDEO_FRAME_RATE
end
def set_meta
file.instance_write :meta, populate_meta
end
def populate_meta
meta = (file.instance_read(:meta) || {}).with_indifferent_access.slice(*META_KEYS)
file.queued_for_write.each do |style, file|
meta[style] = style == :small || image? ? image_geometry(file) : video_metadata(file)
end
meta[:small] = image_geometry(thumbnail.queued_for_write[:original]) if thumbnail.queued_for_write.key?(:original)
meta
end
def image_geometry(file)
width, height = FastImage.size(file.path)
return {} if width.nil?
{
width: width,
height: height,
size: "#{width}x#{height}",
aspect: width.to_f / height,
}
end
def video_metadata(file)
movie = ffmpeg_data(file.path)
return {} unless movie.valid?
{
width: movie.width,
height: movie.height,
frame_rate: movie.frame_rate,
duration: movie.duration,
bitrate: movie.bitrate,
}.compact
end
# We call this method about 3 different times on potentially different
# paths but ultimately the same file, so it makes sense to memoize the
# result while disregarding the path
def ffmpeg_data(path = nil)
@ffmpeg_data ||= VideoMetadataExtractor.new(path)
end
def enqueue_processing
PostProcessMediaWorker.perform_async(id) if delay_processing?
end
def reset_parent_cache
Rails.cache.delete("v3:statuses/#{status_id}") if status_id.present?
end
end